Browsing by Author "Roquette, Rita"
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- Ambient air pollution and lipid profile: Systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Gaio, Vânia; Roquette, Rita; Dias, Carlos Matias; Nunes, BaltazarAmbient air pollution (AAP) is recognized a cardiovascular risk factor and lipid profile dysregulation seems to be one of the potential mediators involved. However, results from epidemiologic research on the association between exposure to AAP and altered lipid profile have been inconsistent. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyse epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, back carbon) and lipid profile parameters (Total cholesterol; High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; TG-Triglycerides) or dyslipidaemia. Systematic electronic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases (last search on 24th May 2019) using keywords related to the exposure (ambient air pollutants) and to the outcomes (lipid profile parameters/dyslipidaemia). Qualitative and quantitative information of the studies were extracted and fixed or random-effects models were used to obtain a pooled effect estimate per each pollutant/outcome combination. 22 studies were qualitatively analysed and, from those, 3 studies were quantitatively analysed. Particulate matters were the most studied pollutants and a considerable heterogeneity in air pollution assessment methods and outcomes definitions was detected. Age, obesity related measures, tobacco consumption, sex and socioeconomic factors were the most frequent considered variables for confounding adjustment in the models. In a long-term exposure scenario, we found a 3.14% (1.36%-4.95%) increase in TG levels per 10 μg/m3 PM10 increment and a 4.24% (1.37%-7.19%) increase in TG levels per 10 μg/m3 NO2 increment. No significant associations were detected for the remaining pollutant/outcome combinations. Despite the few studies included in the meta-analysis, our study suggests some epidemiologic evidence supporting the association between PM10 and NO2 exposures and increased TG levels. Due to the very low level of evidence, more studies are needed to clarify the role of lipid profile dysregulation as a mediator on the AAP adverse cardiovascular effects.
- Ambient air pollution and lipid profile: systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Gaio, Vânia; Roquette, Rita; Dias, Carlos Matias; Nunes, BaltazarAmbient air pollution (AAP) is recognized a cardiovascular risk factor and lipid profile dysregulation seems to be one of the potential mediators involved. However, results from epidemiologic research on the association between exposure to AAP and altered lipid profile have been inconsistent. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyse epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, back carbon) and lipid profile parameters (Total cholesterol; High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; TG-Triglycerides) or dyslipidaemia. Systematic electronic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases (last search on 24th May 2019) using keywords related to the exposure (ambient air pollutants) and to the outcomes (lipid profile parameters/dyslipidaemia). Qualitative and quantitative information of the studies were extracted and fixed or random-effects models were used to obtain a pooled effect estimate per each pollutant/outcome combination. 22 studies were qualitatively analysed and, from those, 3 studies were quantitatively analysed. Particulate matters were the most studied pollutants and a considerable heterogeneity in air pollution assessment methods and outcomes definitions was detected. Age, obesity related measures, tobacco consumption, sex and socioeconomic factors were the most frequent considered variables for confounding adjustment in the models. In a long-term exposure scenario, we found a 3.14% (1.36%-4.95%) increase in TG levels per 10 μg/m3 PM10 increment and a 4.24% (1.37%-7.19%) increase in TG levels per 10 μg/m3 NO2 increment. No significant associations were detected for the remaining pollutant/outcome combinations. Despite the few studies included in the meta-analysis, our study suggests some epidemiologic evidence supporting the association between PM10 and NO2 exposures and increased TG levels. Due to the very low level of evidence, more studies are needed to clarify the role of lipid profile dysregulation as a mediator on the AAP adverse cardiovascular effects.
- Ambient particulate matter exposure and red blood cell distribution width (RDW): results from a cross-sectional linkage study in PortugalPublication . Gaio, Vânia; Roquette, Rita; Matias Dias, Carlos; Nunes, BaltazarBACKGROUND AND AIM:Ambient particulate matter (PM) is now a well-established risk factor to develop cardiovasculardiseases. Multiple studies have linked PM exposure to cardiovascular events, but the pathophysiologic mechanisms linking theoccurrence of these events with PM exposure are still an area of intensive debate. red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a bloodparameter used to measure the variability sizes of the red blood cells, has been associated with a vast array of human pathologies,including cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to estimate the long-term effect of PM10 exposure on RDW, in the adultPortuguese mainland population. METHODS:Our study was based on 2211 participants of the 1st Portuguese Health Examination Survey (INSEF, 2015) withavailable data on RDW parameter and living within a 30km radius of an air quality monitoring station from the air quality monitoringnetwork of the Portuguese Environment Agency with available PM10 measurements. Generalized linear models were used toassess the effect of 1-year PM10 exposure on RDW values. RESULTS:We found an association between long-term exposure to PM10 and RDW values (2.82% RDW increase per each 10μg/m3 PM10 increment, 95% CI: 0.62%; 5.02%), particularly among males (2.96% RDW increase per each 10 μg/m3 PM10increment, 95% CI: 0.80–5.12), which is well supported by the sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing an association between ambient PM10 exposureand RDW values. It is uncertain whether changes in RDW due to PM10 exposure constitute an adverse health outcome. However,RDW has been identified as an independent prognostic biomarker of multiple cardiovascular diseases, therefore we consider thisresult to be of special relevance in particular to explain the effect of PM10 in triggering cardiovascular events.
- Ambient particulate matter exposure interacts with abdominal obesity to increase blood triglyceridesPublication . Gaio, Vânia; Roquette, Rita; Matias Dias, Carlos; Nunes, BaltazarBackground: Blood lipids levels dysregulation represent potential mechanism intermediating the adverse cardiovascular effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure. The present study aims to estimate the effect of particulate matter (PM10) exposure on blood lipid levels (TC, Total Cholesterol; HDL-C, High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; LDL-C, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; TG, Triglycerides) in the adult Portuguese mainland population and to assess the potential mediation and/or modification action of abdominal obesity on this effect. Methods: We used data from 2390 participants of the 1st Portuguese Health Examination Survey (INSEF, 2015) with available data on blood lipids parameters and living within a 30km radius of an air quality monitoring station with available PM10 measurements. PM10 concentrations were acquired from the air quality monitoring network of the Portuguese Environment Agency. Generalized linear models were used to assess the effect of 1-year PM10 exposure on blood lipids values. An interaction term was introduced in the models to test the modification action of abdominal obesity. Results: We found an association between long-term exposure to PM10 and non-fasting blood TG levels after adjustment for age, sex, education, occupation, lifestyles related variables and temperature but only in participants with abdominal obesity (1.84% TG increase per each 1 µg/m3 PM10 increment, 95% CI: 0.02%; 3.69%) which is well supported by the sensitivity analysis. Conclusions: Our study demonstrate that even at low levels of exposure, long-term PM10 exposure interacts with abdominal obesity to increase blood TG levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing the modification action of abdominal obesity regarding the PM10 effect on a blood lipid parameter. Our findings suggest that reducing both abdominal obesity prevalence and PM10 below current standards would result in additional health benefits for the population.
- AMOCAPE: atlas de mortalidade por cancro em Portugal e EspanhaPublication . Roquette, Rita; Sousa Uva, Mafalda; Nunes, Baltazar; Matias Dias, CarlosNesta sessão foram apresentados os principais resultados da investigação que tem sido desenvolvida no projecto AMOCAPE, na área da mortalidade por cancro na Península Ibérica. Os resultados integrarão o Atlas de Mortalidade por Cancro em Portugal e Espanha, 2003-2012, que será disponibilizado em 2020.
- Análise da distribuição geográfica da prevalência de Anomalias Congénitas por ACES em Portugal Continental no período de 2000-2010Publication . Roquette, Rita; Machado, Ausenda; Braz, Paula; Dias, Carlos MatiasAs anomalias congénitas (AC) são erros do desenvolvimento, presentes no período embriofetal que se manifestam por alterações estruturais, funcionais ou bioquímicas detectadas ao nascer ou mais tardiamente. Embora, as anomalias congénitas (AC) não sejam doenças de notificação obrigatória, a Direção-Geral da Saúde recomenda a sua notificação. O Registo Nacional de Anomalias Congénitas (RENAC) recebe notificações de anomalias observadas em recém-nascidos, fetos mortos e interrupções médicas da gravidez. Um dos seus objetivos é determinar a prevalência das anomalias congénitas em Portugal e caracterizar a sua distribuição geográfica.
- Anomalias Congénitas em Portugal: contributos para a análise espacial da prevalência no período 2000-2010Publication . Roquette, Rita; Braz, Paula; Machado, Ausenda; Dias, Carlos MatiasAnálise da distribuição espacial da prevalência de anomalias congénitas, registadas no RENAC, desagregada por concelho de residência das mães. Identificação de agregados de concelhos com valores elevados e baixos de prevalência de anomalias congénitas.
- Anomalias congénitas em Portugal: contributos para a análise espacial da prevalência no período 2000-2010Publication . Roquette, Rita; Braz, Paula; Machado, Ausenda; Dias, Carlos MatiasAnálise da distribuição espacial da prevalência de anomalias congénitas, registadas no RENAC, desagregada por concelho de residência das mães. Identificação de agregados de concelhos com valores elevados e baixos de prevalência de anomalias congénitas.
- Association between area- and individual-level socio-economic factors with glycated haemoglobin-Evidence from a Portuguese population-based studyPublication . Sousa-Uva, Mafalda; Barreto, Marta; Roquette, Rita; Matias-Dias, Carlos; Ribeiro, Rogério; Boavida, José Manuel; Nunes, BaltazarAims: This study aims to estimate the associations between area-level deprivation and individual-level socio-economic factors, as well as their interaction, with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c ) levels. Methods: We conducted a gamma multilevel regression analysis using individual-level data from the Portuguese National Health Examination Survey and a deprivation index built through factor analysis, at municipality level, with census variables. Results: Living in a municipality with high material deprivation and having a low level of education were independently associated with an increase of 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6, 4.0) and of 1.6% (95% CI 0.6, 2.7) in the mean levels of HbA1c , respectively. The interaction between area material deprivation and individual-level education was not associated with the levels of HbA1c (0.5%, 95% CI -1.3, 2.3). Conclusions: Our findings support the collective resources model that argues that people in less deprived areas have better health because there are more collective resources. The results suggest that to reduce socio-economic inequalities associated with the levels of HbA1c and, consequently, with diabetes, will require attention to the area material deprivation and individual-level education. Upstream social determinants of health are thus highlighted.
- Atlas de mortalidade por cancro em Portugal e Espanha (2003-2012): protocolo científicoPublication . Navarro, Pablo; Roquette, RitaO Departamento de Epidemiologia do Instituto Ricardo Jorge e o Instituto de Saúde Carlos III, de Madrid, desenvolvem em parceria um Atlas de Mortalidade por cancro, em Portugal e Espanha, entre 2003 e 2012. Este relatório descreve o protocolo científico que está na base da realização dos trabalhos.