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- Hidatidose quística humana: análise retrospetiva de casos diagnosticados e em monitorização entre 2008 e 2013Publication . Reis, Tânia; Vilares, Anabela; Ferreira, Idalina; Martins, Susana; Furtado, Cristina; Gargaté, Maria João
- Antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli strains isolated from food-producing, companion and wild animals, in Portugal – Characterization of isolates with reduced susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins and cephamycinsPublication . Clemente, Lurdes; Manageiro, Vera; Jones-Dias, Daniela; Ferreira, Eugénia; Correia, Ivone; Albuquerque, Teresa; Geraldes, Margarida; Matos, Filipa; Almendra, Claúdia; Themudo, Patrícia; Caniça, ManuelaEscherichia coli is a common inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, but is also a causative agent of diarrhea and extraintestinal infections. There is ongoing concern about the risks posed to human health by antimicrobial resistant bacteria isolated from animals. This study was conducted on 602 Escherichia coli isolates recovered from food-producing (n=217), companion (n=114) and wild animals (n=271), over the period of 2009-2013, to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility to a panel of ten antimicrobials (ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, streptomycine, gentamicine and tetracycline), through the determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), using the agar dilution technique. Susceptibility to cefoxitin was determined through disk diffusion method. Molecular characterization of isolates showing a non-wild type MIC to cefotaxime was performed, to determine extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), plasmid mediated AmpC (PMAβ), plasmid mediated quinolone (PMQR) resistance determinants and mobile genetic elements involved in the dissemination of resistance genes. Overall, isolates recovered from food producing animals showed higher frequencies of resistance towards all antimicrobials tested and multidrug resistance (MDR) (53%), followed by companion (43%) and wild animals (30%). Fifty isolates presented a non-wild phenotype to cefotaxime and resistance or intermediate susceptibility to cefoxitin, being 14 (12.3%) from pets, 19 (8.8%) from food producing animals and 17 (6.3%) from wild animals. Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the amplicons confirmed the presence of blaCTX-M-type (n=14), blaSHV-type (n=2), blaTEM-type (n=31), blaOXA-type (n=6) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (PMAβ) genes (n=8). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance-encoding genes were detected in ten isolates: aac(6')-Ib-cr (n=6) qnrB17 (n=1), qnrS1(n=1) and qnrB19 (n=2). Twenty five isolates carried class 1 integrons and two carried class 2 integrons. This study agrees that animals may act as important reservoirs of E. coli isolates carrying ESBL and PMAβ-encoding genes, which might be transmissible to humans through direct contact or the food chain and, a potential source for human pathogens to acquire these resistance genes.
- Identificação das necessidades dos utilizadores de informação microbiológica da cadeia alimentarPublication . Viegas, Silvia; Brazão, Roberto; Dias, M. Graça; Oliveira, Luísa
- Resistência primária de Helicobacter pylori em doentes sintomáticos de dois hospitais da região de LisboaPublication . Oleastro, Mónica; Furtado, Cristina; Santos, Andrea; Benoliel, João; Ratilal, Paulo; Liberato, Manuel
- Accuracy of prenatal culture in predicting intrapartum group B streptococcus colonization statusPublication . Florindo, C.; Damião, V.; Lima, J.; Nogueira, I.; Rocha, I.; Caetano, P.; Ribeiro, L.; Viegas, S.; Gomes, João Paulo; Borrego, M.J.Objective: To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of group B Streptococcus (GBS) cultures at 35–37 weeks of gestation relative to GBS colonization status at delivery. Methods: Rectovaginal swabs from 221 women at labor in four Lisbon hospitals were collected for GBS screening according to the CDC guidelines. Results: The PPV was 24.4%. IAP was administered to 100% of prenatally GBS positive women. There was no case of early onset GBS disease (EOD). Conclusions: Poor accuracy of prenatal cultures in identifying true candidates for IAP highlights the need for Portuguese clinical and laboratory guidelines to prevent EOD and antibiotic overtreatment of pregnant women.
- Cardiovascular risk assessment of dyslipidemic children: analysis of biomarkers for the correct assessment of monogenic dyslipidemiaPublication . Medeiros, Ana Margarida; Alves, Ana Catarina; Aguiar, Pedro; Bourbon, Mafalda
- Evolution, phylogeny, and molecular epidemiology of ChlamydiaPublication . Nunes, Alexandra; Gomes, João PauloThe Chlamydiaceae are a family of obligate intracellular bacteria characterized by a unique biphasic developmental cycle. It encompasses the single genus Chlamydia, which involves nine species that affect a wide range of vertebral hosts, causing infections with serious impact on human health (mainly due to Chlamydia trachomatis infections) and on farming and veterinary industries. It is believed that Chlamydiales originated 700 mya, whereas C. trachomatis likely split from the other Chlamydiaceae during the last 6 mya. This corresponds to the emergence of modern human lineages, with the first descriptions of chlamydial infections as ancient as four millennia. Chlamydiaceae have undergone a massive genome reduction, on behalf of the deletional bias ‘‘use it or lose it’’, stabilizing at 1–1.2 Mb and keeping a striking genome synteny. Their phylogeny reveals species segregation according to biological properties, with huge differences in terms of host range, tissue tropism, and disease outcomes. Genome differences rely on the occurrence of mutations in the >700 orthologous genes, as well as on events of recombination, gene loss, inversion, and paralogous expansion, affecting both a hypervariable region named the plasticity zone, and genes essentially encoding polymorphic and transmembrane head membrane proteins, type III secretion effectors and some metabolic pathways. Procedures for molecular typing are still not consensual but have allowed the knowledge of molecular epidemiology patterns for some species as well as the identification of outbreaks and emergence of successful clones for C. trachomatis. This manuscript intends to provide a comprehensive review on the evolution, phylogeny, and molecular epidemiology of Chlamydia.
- Perfil lipídico de frutos secos e sementesPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Silva, Ana Sanches; Oliveira, M. Beatriz; Costa, H.S.
- Evolution, phylogeny, and molecular epidemiology of ChlamydiaPublication . Nunes, A.; Gomes, João PauloThe Chlamydiaceae are a family of obligate intracellular bacteria characterized by a unique biphasic developmental cycle. It encompasses the single genus Chlamydia, which involves nine species that affect a wide range of vertebral hosts, causing infections with serious impact on human health (mainly due to Chlamydia trachomatis infections) and on farming and veterinary industries. It is believed that Chlamydiales originated 700 mya, whereas C. trachomatis likely split from the other Chlamydiaceae during the last 6 mya. This corresponds to the emergence of modern human lineages, with the first descriptions of chlamydial infections as ancient as four millennia. Chlamydiaceae have undergone a massive genome reduction, on behalf of the deletional bias ‘‘use it or lose it’’, stabilizing at 1–1.2 Mb and keeping a striking genome synteny. Their phylogeny reveals species segregation according to biological properties, with huge differences in terms of host range, tissue tropism, and disease outcomes. Genome differences rely on the occurrence of mutations in the >700 orthologous genes, as well as on events of recombination, gene loss, inversion, and paralogous expansion, affecting both a hypervariable region named the plasticity zone, and genes essentially encoding polymorphic and transmembrane head membrane proteins, type III secretion effectors and some metabolic pathways. Procedures for molecular typing are still not consensual but have allowed the knowledge of molecular epidemiology patterns for some species as well as the identification of outbreaks and emergence of successful clones for C. trachomatis. This manuscript intends to provide a comprehensive review on the evolution, phylogeny, and molecular epidemiology of Chlamydia.
- Avaliação Externa da Qualidade nos POCTPublication . Faria, Ana Paula; Cardoso, AnaPOCT – Point-Of-Care Testing: - Testes de diagnóstico rápido realizados fora do ambiente laboratorial - Realizados em pequenos analisadores portáteis - Não requerem formação especializada em técnicas de laboratório - Finalidade: . triagem de utentes . diagnóstico de situações agudas . monitorização de fármacos . acompanhamento de doenças crónicas . Novo modelo de prestação de cuidados de saúde