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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo avaliou a exposição crónica da população portuguesa adulta (18--74 anos) ao arsénio inorgânico (iAs), cádmio (Cd) e chumbo (Pb) através da alimentação, usando a metodologia harmonizada dos Estudos de Dieta Total (TDS).
Os dados de consumo alimentar foram combinados com dados de ocorrência dos contaminantes em 164 amostras de alimentos, representativas da dieta da população, preparadas “como consumidas” e analisadas por espectrometria de massa com plasma indutivo acoplado (ICP-MS).
Os resultados indicaram que a exposição média ao iAs (0,28 μg/kg de peso corporal/dia) e os valores de P95 para iAs, Cd e Pb não permitem excluir riscos para a saúde, como cancro, efeitos cardiovasculares, nefrotoxicidade e disfunções renais. Os grupos de alimentos “pratos compostos”, “cereais e derivados” e “peixes, marisco, anfíbios, répteis e invertebrados” foram as principais fontes de exposição, sendo o pão a única fonte comum aos três contaminantes.
Recomenda-se a continuidade do TDS nacional com o refinamento dos procedimentos analíticos, incluindo a redução dos limites de deteção e a análise de especiação do arsénio, assim como a utilização de dados de consumo obtidos por duas vezes, com questionários às 24 horas anteriores, a fim de orientar de forma mais eficaz as estratégias de gestão de risco em saúde pública.
This study assessed the chronic dietary exposure of the Portuguese adult population (ages 18-74) to inorganic arsenic (iAs), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) using the harmonized methodology of Total Diet Studies (TDS). Food consumption data were combined with occurrence data on 164 food samples prepared "as consumed" and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results showed that the mean exposure to iAs (0.28 μg/kg of body weight /day) and the 95th percentile (P95) values for iAs, Cd, and Pb suggest potential health risks, including cancer, cardiovascular effects, nephrotoxicity, and kidney dysfunction. The food groups “composite dishes,” “grains and grain-based products,” and “ fish, seafood, and invertebrates” contributed significantly to the overall exposure, with bread being the only common source of all three contaminants. It is recommended to continue the national TDS (Total Diet Study), with refined analytical procedures, including lower detection limits and arsenic speciation analysis, as well as the use of consumption data obtained through two 24-hour dietary recall questionnaires. These measures aim to more effectively guide public health risk management strategies.
This study assessed the chronic dietary exposure of the Portuguese adult population (ages 18-74) to inorganic arsenic (iAs), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) using the harmonized methodology of Total Diet Studies (TDS). Food consumption data were combined with occurrence data on 164 food samples prepared "as consumed" and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results showed that the mean exposure to iAs (0.28 μg/kg of body weight /day) and the 95th percentile (P95) values for iAs, Cd, and Pb suggest potential health risks, including cancer, cardiovascular effects, nephrotoxicity, and kidney dysfunction. The food groups “composite dishes,” “grains and grain-based products,” and “ fish, seafood, and invertebrates” contributed significantly to the overall exposure, with bread being the only common source of all three contaminants. It is recommended to continue the national TDS (Total Diet Study), with refined analytical procedures, including lower detection limits and arsenic speciation analysis, as well as the use of consumption data obtained through two 24-hour dietary recall questionnaires. These measures aim to more effectively guide public health risk management strategies.
Description
Keywords
Cádmio Arsénio Chumbo Contaminantes Alimentares Exposição Humana Avaliação do Risco Segurança Alimentar Estudo da Dieta Total Portugal
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2025 maio-agosto;14(38): 11-16
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP
