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Publication
Fungos em areias e águas costeiras e interiores em Portugal: relevância para a saúde humana e bem-estar
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os fungos filamentosos e as leveduras são ubíquos na natureza, incluindo
nas zonas balneares, e portanto, na areia. Contudo, certas espécies
de fungos podem causar infeções ou alergias em humanos. Estudos anteriores
mostraram que microrganismos patogénicos ou patogénicos oportunistas
sobrevivem e crescem na areia. Uma vez que as zonas balneares
são locais frequentados por um elevado número de pessoas, especialmente
no verão, a qualidade microbiológica das areias e das águas balneares
é particularmente importante. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste estudo é a recolha
de dados sobre as espécies de fungos existentes em três zonas balneares,
duas águas costeiras – Algarve e Lisboa e Vale do Tejo (LVT) e uma
água de transição (LVT) A identificação dos isolados foi realizada através
da observação de características morfológicas e através de métodos moleculares.
Para isto, foram analisadas 18 amostras de areia e 18 amostras
de água. Os isolados fúngicos detetados com maior frequência foram Cladosporium
sp. (na praia costeira do Algarve e na de águas de transição)
e Sarocladium kiliense (na praia costeira de LVT). Foram também isoladas
algumas espécies responsáveis por causar alergias e infeções, tais como
Exophiala dermatitidis, Alternaria alternata, Trematosphaeria grisea e Aspergillus
secção Nidulantes, além de fungos potencialmente produtores de
micotoxinas, nomeadamente Aspergillus secção Fumigati. Não foi possível
identificar 19 das colónias isoladas (de 1005 no total, 1,9%). Os resultados
obtidos permitiram identificar as espécies presente nos locais amostrados
entre novembro de 2018 e junho de 2019, confirmando-se a presença de
espécies com expressão clínica, que representam um potencial risco para
a saúde dos utilizadores das praias e que deve passar a ser tido em conta
na avaliação da qualidade da praia.
Filamentous fungi and yeast are ubiquitous in nature, including bathing areas and therefore, sand. However, certain fungal species can cause infections or allergies in humans. Previous studies have shown that there are opportunistic or pathogenic microorganisms that can survive and grow in sand. Since bathing areas are used by a large numbers of people, especially during the summer months, the microbiological quality of sand and bathing water is particularly important. Thus, the aim of this study is to collect data on the fungal species present in the three bathing areas under study (two coastal – one in Algarve and the other in Lisbon and Tagus Valley - and one with transition waters in Lisbon and Tagus Valley). The identification of the isolates was performed by observing morphological characteristics and by using molecular tools. For this purpose, 18 sand samples and 18 water samples were analysed. The most frequently isolated fungi were Cladosporium sp. (in Algarve at the transition waters beach) and Sarocladium kiliense (at the coastal beach of Lisboa and Tagus Valley). Some species causing allergies and infections, such as Exophiala dermatitidis, Alternaria alternata, Trematosphaeria grisea and Aspergillus section Nidulantes. Moreover, species potentially producers of mycotoxins were also isolated, namely members of Aspergillus section Fumigati. Nineteen of the isolates were not possible to identify (out of 1005, 1.9%). This project generated data on the fungal species isolated between November 2018 and June 2019 in the three sites sampled. The presence of fungi that may be associated with clinical cases was confirmed, thus revealing a potential health risk to beach users that must be taken into account in the beaches quality profile.
Filamentous fungi and yeast are ubiquitous in nature, including bathing areas and therefore, sand. However, certain fungal species can cause infections or allergies in humans. Previous studies have shown that there are opportunistic or pathogenic microorganisms that can survive and grow in sand. Since bathing areas are used by a large numbers of people, especially during the summer months, the microbiological quality of sand and bathing water is particularly important. Thus, the aim of this study is to collect data on the fungal species present in the three bathing areas under study (two coastal – one in Algarve and the other in Lisbon and Tagus Valley - and one with transition waters in Lisbon and Tagus Valley). The identification of the isolates was performed by observing morphological characteristics and by using molecular tools. For this purpose, 18 sand samples and 18 water samples were analysed. The most frequently isolated fungi were Cladosporium sp. (in Algarve at the transition waters beach) and Sarocladium kiliense (at the coastal beach of Lisboa and Tagus Valley). Some species causing allergies and infections, such as Exophiala dermatitidis, Alternaria alternata, Trematosphaeria grisea and Aspergillus section Nidulantes. Moreover, species potentially producers of mycotoxins were also isolated, namely members of Aspergillus section Fumigati. Nineteen of the isolates were not possible to identify (out of 1005, 1.9%). This project generated data on the fungal species isolated between November 2018 and June 2019 in the three sites sampled. The presence of fungi that may be associated with clinical cases was confirmed, thus revealing a potential health risk to beach users that must be taken into account in the beaches quality profile.
Description
Keywords
Fungos Areias Águas Costeiras Praia Agentes Microbianos e Ambiente Água e Solo Infecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses Alergias Avaliação da Qualidade da Praia Saúde Pública Portugal
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2019;8(Supl 11):49-51
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP