Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-09"
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- Acidentes domésticos e de lazer ocorridos em pessoas com 65 e mais anos durante a pandemia da COVID-19: comparação entre 2019 e 2020Publication . Alves, Tatiana; Rodrigues, Emanuel; Neto, Mariana; Mexia, Ricardo; Dias, Carlos MatiasO presente estudo tem como finalidade contribuir para um melhor conhecimento sobre os acidentes domésticos e de lazer (ADL) ocorridos durante a pandemia da COVID-19 que motivaram o recurso ao Serviço de Urgência (SU) por pessoas com 65 e mais anos. Pretendemos assim melhorar a nossa compreensão deste fenómeno de saúde. Num contexto pandémico em que se tem observado a redução na procura dos serviços de saúde por motivos não relacionados com a patologia COVID-19, o aumento de episódios de ADL nos idosos com 65 e mais anos em 2020, comparado com 2019, reforça a necessidade de aprofundamento do estudo deste problema de saúde. A partir do sistema EVITA (Epidemiologia e Vigilância dos Traumatismos e Acidentes) foram analisados 120850 episódios de recurso ao SU devidos a ADL em pessoas com 65 e mais anos, correspondendo ao total de acidentes ocorridos em 2019 e 2020 neste grupo populacional. Em 2020 observou-se um aumento significativo do número de episódios de ADL ocorridos em casa (2020=41252; 2019=34397), causados por queda (2020=45057; 2019=43102) e com necessidade de internamento hospitalar (2020=9464; 2019=6859).
- Controlo externo da avaliação de COVID-19Publication . Faria, Ana Paula1-Laboratório e Controlo da qualidade 2-Participação em controlo externo da avaliação COVID-19 3-Interpretação dos resultados dos relatórios 4-Aplicação dos resultados do controlo externo
- How maternal exposure to aflatoxin B1 impacts the development of progeny intestinal immune system?Publication . Bastos-Amador, P.; Duarte, E.L.; Alvito, P.; Assunção, R.; Ferreira, M.
- earlyMYCO – a mother & child pilot study to assess early-life exposure to mycotoxins in PortugalPublication . Martins, C.; Assunção, R.; Costa, A.; Serrano, D.; Namorado, S.; Vidigal, C.; Almeida, E.; Alvito, P.; Nunes, C.Early-life exposure occurs during gestation through transfer of toxic substances present in the maternal diet to the fetus and later during lactation, through the breast milk. Mycotoxins are well known carcinogenic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, and immunosuppressive food chemical contaminants. Recently, human biomonitoring data revealed that Portuguese population is exposed to mycotoxins. These results emphasized the need for assessing the prenatal and lactation exposure to mycotoxins in a vulnerable period of life. The earlyMYCO project (PTDC/MED-TOX/28762/2017) aimed, for the first time, to develop and implement a pilot study to assess the early-life exposure to mycotoxins through a mother & child cohort, and to identify the associated challenges, thus contributing to the development of future studies and to the knowledge of the exposome of Portuguese population. Participants were recruited in primary health care units in Lisbon (Portugal) during pregnancy (1st trimester) and followed-up in three moments of observation: 2nd trimester of pregnancy (mother), and 1st and 6th months of the child’s life (mother & child), with the collection of biological samples (blood, urine, breast milk) and the application of sociodemographic and food consumption questionnaires (food frequency and 24h dietary recall). All the participants of the earlyMYCO pilot study (n = 19) reported more than nine years of education, with 37% reporting 10- 12 years and 63% reporting more than 12 years. Regarding the household monthly income, 42% reported a monthly income above 1941€, with most of participants (95%) being workers for remuneration or profit. Dairy products, bread, tea, and coffee were reported as the food items with higher frequency of consumption. The 24h dietary recall questionnaires confirmed these results. Detailed analysis of the data gathered allowed also to highlight the high consumption of meat, fish and vegetables. Regarding infants, 22% were fed with infant formula and 78% were exclusively breastfed. It is expected that results obtained within earlyMYCO pilot study will contribute to a deeper knowledge on exposure of vulnerable population groups (pregnant women and infants) and to the understanding of the impact of early-life exposure to mycotoxins.
- 4th International Conference on Food Contaminants (ICFC) 2021: Challenges on early-life exposure: Book of abstractsPublication . Vasco, E.; Martins, C.; Serrenho, I.; Assunção, R.; Alvito, P.(...) Exposure to hazardous chemicals during first 1000 days of life has been linked to an increased risk of a number of health disorders.There is growing evidence that early-life exposure to chemical hazards can lead to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood including cancer, diabetes, obesity and auto-immune diseases. Because cells are rapidly dividing and organ systems are developing during childhood and adolescence, exposure to carcinogens during these early life stages is a major risk factor for cancer later in life. Exposure during early-life due to food ingestion of toxic chemicals seems to have a critical role on the rapid epidemiological rise of obesity as well as a trans-generational transmission of risk of later obesity. Some reports provide evidence of a link between early-life adverse events (ELAE)-induced intestinal barrier disruption, inflammation, epigenetic modifications, and the occurrence of late metabolic disorders (MD), including obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Changes in neurobehavior, sexual development, the prevalence of asthma and allergy, among others, have shown to be associated with chemical contaminants exposure at early-life stages. Early-life is a critical sensitive window of susceptibility. Therefore, this conference will aim to gather research scientists, health and food professionals, regulatory entities, and students to discuss different perspectives on this particular period of life in order to debate i) the risks associated with exposing vulnerable populations to chemicals, in particular, food contaminants and ii) toxic effects of early-life exposure to chemicals. This conference is promoted within the framework of the earlyMYCO national project, funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Portugal, aiming to assess the impact of early-life exposure to mycotoxins and their potential impact on human health. (...)
- Mineral occurrence in vegetarian foodsPublication . Santiago, Susana; Bárbara, Rita; Ribeiro, Dina; Costa, Adriana; Tavares, Nelson; Ventura, Marta; Nascimento, Ana; Castanheira, Isabel; Santos, MarianaCalcium, iron and zinc are minerals of greatest concern when considering the nutritional value of vegetarian diets, since those minerals are mostly present in animal foods. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess calcium, iron and zinc contents in vegetarian foods.
- Aplicação de métodos de aprendizagem automática em grafos de conhecimento para medicina personalizadaPublication . Vilela, Joana; Asif, Muhammad; Marques, Ana Rita; Santos, João Xavier; Rasga, Célia; Vicente, Astrid; Martiniano, HugoA Medicina Personalizada é um modelo de prática médica que utiliza o perfil fenotípico e genotípico do indivíduo para melhorar a precisão do diagnóstico, a eficácia terapêutica ou a prevenção de doenças. Neste sentido, a enorme quantidade de dados gerados ao longo dos últimos anos na área biomédica tem contribuído para uma melhor compreensão dos determinantes genéticos de várias patologias e, consequentemente, para a implementação de práticas de Medicina Personalizada em várias áreas, por exemplo na Oncologia e no âmbito das doenças raras. No entanto, ainda subsistem desafios significativos, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à integração de dados biomédicos oriundos de fontes heterogéneas e na obtenção de informação clinicamente relevante. Este trabalho descreve uma abordagem que usa métodos de aprendizagem automática aplicados a um Grafo de Conhecimento (GC) biomédico como um meio para integrar informação armazenada em bases de dados diversas. Este GC contém relações entre genes, doenças e outras entidades biológicas, extraídas de três bases de dados: Ensembl, DisGeNET e Gene Ontology. Neste trabalho exploramos o potencial dos métodos de aprendizagem automática em grafos para produzir informação clinicamente relevante e descrevemos a aplicação desta metodologia à previsão de associações gene-doença. Mostramos ainda que as principais associações gene-doença previstas por esta abordagem podem ser confirmadas em bases de dados externas ou já foram previamente identificadas na literatura.
- Pulses consumed in Portugal as sources of group B vitaminsPublication . Flores, Cristina; Albuquerque, Tânia; Santos, Mariana; Castanheira, IsabelIntroduction: Due to the increasing number of vegetarian consumers and striking concerns about environmental sustainability, legumes play a relevant role as a source of protein of plant origin. Thus, broad beans, peas, chickpeas and beans, which are legumes traditionally consumed in Portugal, were evaluated as sources of four B group vitamins; thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B5) and pyridoxine (B6).
- How maternal exposure to aflatoxin B1 impacts the development of progeny intestinal immune system?Publication . Bastos-Amador, P.; Duarte, E.L.; Alvito, P.; Assunção, R.; Ferreira, M.Exposure to toxic contaminants during early-life is associated with the development of diseases. Individuals are exposed to mycotoxins since early stages of life[1]. However how maternal exposure to mycotoxins influences the development and function of the offspring’s immune system remains largely unexplored. Recently, we showed that in utero maternal exposure to micronutrients is critical for the development of the immune system, which sets long term immunity if the progeny[2]. Here we show that presence of aflatoxin B1 in the diet of pregnant murine females affects the development and function of the intestinal immune system. Notably, maternal exposure to AFB1 promoted an increase of overall T cell population, while it also resulted in a selective reduction of cytokine-producing innate lymphoid cells group 2 (ILC2) population in intestine of the progeny. These alterations were associated with decreased expression of Reg3b, Reg3g and Fut2 by the intestinal mucosa of progeny. Thus, these results indicate that maternal exposure to mycotoxins impacts the development of offspring intestinal immune system. ILC2 are critical in intestinal epithelial repair, whether mice exposed to AFB1 display defective tissue damage response needs to be investigated. Also FUT2-dependent fucosylation is key in host–commensal symbiosis suggesting alterations in the intestinal microbiota. Our work reveals that maternal exposure to dietary contaminants such as mycotoxins alters the normal development of intestinal immune system framework of the progeny and may have impact in their immune function.
- National Mirror Group Portugal - European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases, EJP RDPublication . Alves, SandraO National Mirror Group (NMG-P) do Programa Europeu Conjunto para as Doenças Raras é coordenado pelo Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA) em colaboração com a Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) e a Direção-Geral da Saúde e pretende criar um ecossistema sustentável e permitir um círculo virtuoso entre investigação, cuidados de saúde e inovação médica.