Browsing by Author "Fernandez, Mariana F."
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- Aplicação da biomonitorização humana para avaliação da exposição ocupacional a hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos na Europa: uma revisão da literaturaPublication . Louro, Henriqueta; Gomes, Bruno Costa; Saber, Anne Thoustrup; Iamiceli, Anna Laura; Göen, Thomas; Jones, Kate; Katsonouri, Andromachi; Neophytou, Christiana; Vogel, Ulla; Ventura, Célia; Oberemm, Axel; Duca, Radu Corneliu; Fernandez, Mariana F.; Olea, Nicolas; Santonen, Tiina; Viegas, Susana; Silva, Maria JoãoOs hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos (HAPs) são produtos químicos com impacto em saúde ocupacional, pelo que a avaliação da exposição humana através de estudos de biomonitorização tem aumentado nos últimos anos. No entanto, os dados obtidos são ainda insuficientes para os reguladores e decisores políticos. Este trabalho, no contexto da Iniciativa Europeia em Biomonitorização Humana (HBM4EU), descreve uma revisão da literatura sobre a exposição ocupacional aos HAPs na Europa, entre 2008 e 2022, com o objetivo de identificar as vantagens e limitações dos vários biomarcadores de exposição e /ou de efeito, bem como o conhecimento em falta para melhorar a regulamentação. Os resultados da análise dos 42 artigos elegíveis para inclusão nesta revisão demonstram que o biomarcador de exposição mais utilizado é o 1-hidroxipireno urinário, sendo os biomarcadores de efeito mais comuns, biomarcadores de stresse oxidativo e genotoxicidade. Globalmente, verificou-se a necessidade de desenvolver novas abordagens de recolha de dados e amostras, bem como a seleção apropriada de biomarcadores de forma a obter dados fiáveis e comparáveis em diferentes setores industriais. Além disso, a aplicação de biomarcadores de efeito contribui para a identificação de ambientes de trabalho ou atividades de alto risco, possibilitando medidas de mitigação e gestão de risco.
- Developing human biomonitoring as a 21st century toolbox within the European exposure science strategy 2020-2030Publication . Zare Jeddi, Maryam; Hopf, Nancy B.; Louro, Henriqueta; Viegas, Susana; Galea, Karen S.; Pasanen-Kase, Robert; Santonen, Tiina; Mustieles, Vicente; Fernandez, Mariana F.; Verhagen, Hans; Bopp, Stephanie K.; Antignac, Jean Philippe; David, Arthur; Mol, Hans; Barouki, Robert; Audouze, Karine; Duca, Radu-Corneliu; Fantke, Peter; Scheepers, Paul; Ghosh, Manosij; Van Nieuwenhuyse, An; Lobo Vicente, Joana; Trier, Xenia; Rambaud, Loïc; Fillol, Clémence; Denys, Sebastien; Conrad, André; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Paini, Alicia; Arnot, Jon; Schulze, Florian; Jones, Kate; Sepai, Ovnair; Ali, Imran; Brennan, Lorraine; Benfenati, Emilio; Cubadda, Francesco; Mantovani, Alberto; Bartonova, Alena; Connolly, Alison; Slobodnik, Jaroslav; Bruinen de Bruin, Yuri; van Klaveren, Jacob; Palmen, Nicole; Dirven, Hubert; Husøy, Trine; Thomsen, Cathrine; Virgolino, Ana; Röösli, Martin; Gant, Tim; von Goetz, Natalie; Bessems, JosHuman biomonitoring (HBM) is a crucial approach for exposure assessment, as emphasised in the European Commission’s Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability (CSS). HBM can help to improve chemical policies in five major key areas: (1) assessing internal and aggregate exposure in different target populations; 2) assessing exposure to chemicals across life stages; (3) assessing combined exposure to multiple chemicals (mixtures); (4) bridging regulatory silos on aggregate exposure; and (5) enhancing the effectiveness of risk management measures. In this strategy paper we propose a vision and a strategy for the use of HBM in chemical regulations and public health policy in Europe and beyond. We outline six strategic objectives and a roadmap to further strengthen HBM approaches and increase their implementation in the regulatory risk assessment of chemicals to enhance our understanding of exposure and health impacts, enabling timely and targeted policy interventions and risk management. These strategic objectives are: 1) further development of sampling strategies and sample preparation; 2) further development of chemical-analytical HBM methods; 3) improving harmonisation throughout the HBM research life cycle; 4) further development of quality control / quality assurance throughout the HBM research life cycle; 5) obtain sustained funding and reinforcement by legislation; and 6) extend target-specific communication with scientists, policymakers, citizens and other stakeholders. HBM approaches are essential in risk assessment to address scientific, regulatory and societal challenges. HBM requires full and strong support from the scientific and regulatory domain to reach its full potential in public and occupational health assessment and in regulatory decision-making.
- Guidance on minimum information requirements (MIR) from designing to reporting human biomonitoring (HBM)Publication . Jeddi, Maryam Zare; Galea, Karen S.; Ashley-Martin, Jillian; Nassif, Julianne; Pollock, Tyler; Poddalgoda, Devika; Kasiotis, Konstantinos M.; Esteban-López, Marta; Chung, Ming Kei; Kil, Jihyon; Jones, Kate; Covaci, Adrian; Ait Bamai, Yu; Fernandez, Mariana F.; Pasanen Kase, Robert; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria J.; Santonen, Tiina; Katsonouri, Andromachi; Castaño, Argelia; Quirós-Alcalá, Lesliam; Argelia Castaño; Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá; Lin, Elizabeth Ziying; Pollitt, Krystal; Ana Virgolino; Virgolino, Ana; Scheepers, Paul T.J; Mustieles, Vicente; Cañas-Portilla, Ana Isabel; Viegas, Susana; von Goetz, Natalie; Sepai, Ovnair; Bird, Emily; Gӧen, Thomas; Fustinoni, Silvia; Ghosh, Manosij; Dirven, Hubert; Kwon, Jung-Hwan; Carignan, Courtney; Mizuno, Yuki; Ito, Yuki; Xia, Yankai; Shoji F. Nakayama; Nakayama, Shoji F.; Makris, Konstantinos C.; Parsons, Patrick J.; Gonzales, Melissa; Bader, Michael; Dusinska, Maria; Menouni, Aziza; Duca, Radu Corneliu; Chbihi, Kaoutar; El Jaafari, Samir; Godderis, Lode; van Nieuwenhuyse, An; Qureshi, Asif; Ali, Imran; Costa Trindade, Carla; Teixeira, Joao Paulo; Bartonova, Alena; Tranfo, Giovanna; Audouze, Karine; Verpaele, Steven; LaKind, Judy; Mol, Hans; Bessems, Jos; Magagna, Barbara; Nasution Waras, Maisarah; Connolly, Alison; Nascarella, Marc; Yang, Wonho; Huang, Po-Chin; Heussen, Henri; Goksel, Ozlem; Yunesian, Masud; Yeung, Leo W.Y.; Souza, Gustavo; Vekic, Ana Maria; Haynes, Erin N.; Hopf, Nancy B.Human biomonitoring (HBM) provides an integrated chemical exposures assessment considering all routes and sources of exposure. The accurate interpretation and comparability of biomarkers of exposure and effect depend on harmonized, quality-assured sampling, processing, and analysis. Currently, the lack of broadly accepted guidance on minimum information required for collecting and reporting HBM data, hinders comparability between studies. Furthermore, it prevents HBM from reaching its full potential as a reliable approach for assessing and managing the risks of human exposure to chemicals. The European Chapter of the International Society of Exposure Science HBM Working Group (ISES Europe HBM working group) has established a global human biomonitoring community network (HBM Global Network) to develop a guidance to define the minimum information to be collected and reported in HBM, called the “Minimum Information Requirements for Human Biomonitoring (MIR-HBM)”. This work builds on previous efforts to harmonize HBM worldwide. The MIR-HBM guidance covers all phases of HBM from the design phase to the effective communication of results. By carefully defining MIR for all phases, researchers and health professionals can make their HBM studies and programs are robust, reproducible, and meaningful. Acceptance and implementation of MIR-HBM Guidelines in both the general population and occupational fields would improve the interpretability and regulatory utility of HBM data. While implementation challenges remain—such as varying local capacities, and ethical and legal differences at the national levels, this initiative represents an important step toward harmonizing HBM practice and supports an ongoing dialogue among policymakers, legal experts, and scientists to effectively address these challenges. Leveraging the data and insights from HBM, policymakers can develop more effective strategies to protect public health and ensure safer working environments.
- A human biomonitoring (HBM) Global Registry Framework: Further advancement of HBM research following the FAIR principlesPublication . Zare Jeddi, Maryam; Virgolino, Ana; Fantke, Peter; Hopf, Nancy B.; Galea, Karen S.; Remy, Sylvie; Viegas, Susana; Mustieles, Vicente; Fernandez, Mariana F.; von Goetz, Natalie; Vicente, Joana Lobo; Slobodnik, Jaroslav; Rambaud, Loïc; Denys, Sébastien; St-Amand, Annie; Nakayama, Shoji F.; Santonen, Tiina; Barouki, Robert; Pasanen-Kase, Robert; Mol, Hans G.J.; Vermeire, Theo; Jones, Kate; Silva, Maria João; Louro, Henriqueta; van der Voet, Hilko; Duca, Radu-Corneliu; Verhagen, Hans; Canova, Cristina; van Klaveren, Jacob; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Bessems, JosData generated by the rapidly evolving human biomonitoring (HBM) programmes are providing invaluable opportunities to support and advance regulatory risk assessment and management of chemicals in occupational and environmental health domains. However, heterogeneity across studies, in terms of design, terminology, biomarker nomenclature, and data formats, limits our capacity to compare and integrate data sets retrospectively (reuse). Registration of HBM studies is common for clinical trials; however, the study designs and resulting data collections cannot be traced easily. We argue that an HBM Global Registry Framework (HBM GRF) could be the solution to several of challenges hampering the (re)use of HBM (meta)data. The aim is to develop a global, host-independent HBM registry framework based on the use of harmonised open-access protocol templates from designing, undertaking of an HBM study to the use and possible reuse of the resulting HBM (meta)data. This framework should apply FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principles as a core data management strategy to enable the (re)use of HBM (meta)data to its full potential through the data value chain. Moreover, we believe that implementation of FAIR principles is a fundamental enabler for digital transformation within environmental health. The HBM GRF would encompass internationally harmonised and agreed open access templates for HBM study protocols, structured web-based functionalities to deposit, find, and access harmonised protocols of HBM studies. Registration of HBM studies using the HBM GRF is anticipated to increase FAIRness of the resulting (meta)data. It is also considered that harmonisation of existing data sets could be performed retrospectively. As a consequence, data wrangling activities to make data ready for analysis will be minimised. In addition, this framework would enable the HBM (inter)national community to trace new HBM studies already in the planning phase and their results once finalised. The HBM GRF could also serve as a platform enhancing communication between scientists, risk assessors, and risk managers/policy makers. The planned European Partnership for the Assessment of Risk from Chemicals (PARC) work along these lines, based on the experience obtained in previous joint European initiatives. Therefore, PARC could very well bring a first demonstration of first essential functionalities within the development of the HBM GRF.
- The Use of Human Biomonitoring to Assess Occupational Exposure to PAHs in Europe: A Comprehensive ReviewPublication . Louro, Henriqueta; Gomes, Bruno Costa; Saber, Anne Thoustrup; Iamiceli, Anna Laura; Göen, Thomas; Jones, Kate; Katsonouri, Andromachi; Neophytou, Christiana M.; Vogel, Ulla; Ventura, Célia; Oberemm, Axel; Duca, Radu Corneliu; Fernandez, Mariana F.; Olea, Nicolas; Santonen, Tiina; Viegas, Susana; Silva, Maria JoãoPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the chemicals with proven impact on workers’ health. The use of human biomonitoring (HBM) to assess occupational exposure to PAHs has become more common in recent years, but the data generated need an overall view to make them more usable by regulators and policymakers. This comprehensive review, developed under the Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) Initiative, was based on the literature available from 2008–2022, aiming to present and discuss the information on occupational exposure to PAHs, in order to identify the strengths and limitations of exposure and effect biomarkers and the knowledge needs for regulation in the workplace. The most frequently used exposure biomarker is urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-PYR), a metabolite of pyrene. As effect biomarkers, those based on the measurement of oxidative stress (urinary 8-oxo-dG adducts) and genotoxicity (blood DNA strand-breaks) are the most common. Overall, a need to advance new harmonized approaches both in data and sample collection and in the use of appropriate biomarkers in occupational studies to obtain reliable and comparable data on PAH exposure in different industrial sectors, was noted. Moreover, the use of effect biomarkers can assist to identify work environments or activities of high risk, thus enabling preventive risk mitigation and management measures.
- Towards a systematic use of effect biomarkers in population and occupational biomonitoringPublication . Zare Jeddi, Maryam; Hopf, Nancy B.; Viegas, Susana; Price, Anna Bal; Paini, Alicia; van Thriel, Christoph; Benfenati, Emilio; Ndaw, Sophie; Bessems, Jos; Behnisch, Peter A.; Leng, Gabriele; Duca, Radu-Corneliu; Verhagen, Hans; Cubadda, Francesco; Brennan, Lorraine; Ali, Imran; David, Arthur; Mustieles, Vicente; Fernandez, Mariana F.; Louro, Henriqueta; Pasanen-Kase, RobertEffect biomarkers can be used to elucidate relationships between exposure to environmental chemicals and their mixtures with associated health outcomes, but they are often underused, as underlying biological mechanisms are not understood. We aim to provide an overview of available effect biomarkers for monitoring chemical exposures in the general and occupational populations, and highlight their potential in monitoring humans exposed to chemical mixtures. We also discuss the role of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework and physiologically based kinetic and dynamic (PBK/D) modelling to strengthen the understanding of the biological mechanism of effect biomarkers, and in particular for use in regulatory risk assessments. An interdisciplinary network of experts from the European chapter of the International Society for Exposure Science (ISES Europe) and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Occupational Biomonitoring activity of Working Parties of Hazard and Exposure Assessment group worked together to map the conventional framework of biomarkers and provided recommendations for their systematic use. We summarized the key aspects of this work here, and discussed these in three parts. Part I, we inventory available effect biomarkers and promising new biomarkers for the general population based on the H2020 Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) initiative. Part II, we provide an overview AOP and PBK/D modelling use that improved the selection and interpretation of effect biomarkers. Part III, we describe the collected expertise from the OECD Occupational Biomonitoring subtask effect biomarkers in prioritizing relevant mode of actions (MoAs) and suitable effect biomarkers. Furthermore, we propose a tiered risk assessment approach for occupational biomonitoring. Several effect biomarkers, especially for use in occupational settings, are validated. They offer a direct assessment of the overall health risks associated with exposure to chemicals, chemical mixtures and their transformation products. Promising novel effect biomarkers are emerging for biomonitoring of the general population. Efforts are being dedicated to prioritizing molecular and biochemical effect biomarkers that can provide a causal link in exposure-health outcome associations. This mechanistic approach has great potential in improving human health risk assessment. New techniques such as in silico methods (e.g. QSAR, PBK/D modelling) as well as 'omics data will aid this process. Our multidisciplinary review represents a starting point for enhancing the identification of effect biomarkers and their mechanistic pathways following the AOP framework. This may help in prioritizing the effect biomarker implementation as well as defining threshold limits for chemical mixtures in a more structured way. Several ex vivo biomarkers have been proposed to evaluate combined effects including genotoxicity and xeno-estrogenicity. There is a regulatory need to derive effect-based trigger values using the increasing mechanistic knowledge coming from the AOP framework to address adverse health effects due to exposure to chemical mixtures. Such a mechanistic strategy would reduce the fragmentation observed in different regulations. It could also stimulate a harmonized use of effect biomarkers in a more comparable way, in particular for risk assessments to chemical mixtures.