Loading...
Publication
Infeções por Chlamydia trachomatis e Neisseria gonorrhoeae: resultados do diagnóstico laboratorial realizado no INSA, 2017-2022
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.43 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Chlamydia trachomatis e Neisseria gonorrhoeae são responsáveis pelas
duas infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) curáveis mais comuns em
todo o mundo. Sendo frequentemente assintomáticas, o rastreio laboratorial
destas IST é fundamental, para que possa ser efetuado o tratamento
adequado que evite o desenvolvimento de sequelas clínicas graves e para
quebrar cadeias de transmissão.
O presente estudo teve por objetivo determinar a frequência das infeções por
C. trachomatis e N. gonorrhoeae no âmbito da prestação de serviços do Laboratório
Nacional de Referência das IST no INSA, no período 2017-2022.
A pesquisa laboratorial de C. trachomatis e N. gonorrhoeae foi efetuada por
uma técnica de PCR em tempo real, tendo sido obtidos resultados válidos para
47 136 amostras biológicas (genitais, anorretais e/ou orofaríngeas) de 21 188
pessoas que, em 22,6% (n=4799) dos casos, revelaram ser positivas para qualquer
uma destas IST. Nas mulheres, a infeção por C. trachomatis foi a mais frequente
(10,5%; 494/4692), enquanto nos homens a infeção por N. gonorrhoeae
foi a mais comum (16,2%; 2669/16 455). C. trachomatis foi mais detetada nas
amostras anorretais (10,1%; 1222/12 057), nas quais 19,3% (236/1222) revelaram
pertencer ao grupo do linfogranuloma venéreo, e N. gonorrhoeae na orofaringe
(11,5%; 1621/14 123). Ambas as infeções foram mais frequentemente
detetadas nos homens (28,4%; 4680/16455) e nas pessoas (independentemente
do sexo) com menos de 25 anos (36,8%; 1389/3777).
Em conclusão, este estudo revelou infeção por C. trachomatis e N.
gonorrhoeae em amostras colhidas de diferentes locais anatómicos, tendo
sido observadas elevadas frequências de infeção por N. gonorrhoeae a nível
orofaríngeo e anorretal, assim como de C. trachomatis neste último local
anatómico, sugerindo que o rastreio destas IST não se deverá restringir
à região genital. O aumento (8,6 pontos percentuais entre 2017 e 2022)
das infeções por N. gonorrhoeae configura motivo de preocupação dada a
potencial emergência de estirpes resistentes aos antibióticos.
Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae constitute the two most common curable sexually transmitted infections (STI) worldwide. As they are of ten asymptomatic, laboratory screening of these STI is essential for establishing adequate treatment that should prevent the development of serious clinical sequelae, and to break transmission chains. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections within the scope of the routine laboratory diagnosis at the National STI Reference Laboratory at INSA, in the period 2017-2022. Laboratory research for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae was carried out using real-time PCR on 47,136 biological samples (genital, anorectal and/or oropharyngeal) from 21,188 people. Infection by any of these STI was detected in 22.6% (n=4799) of the individuals. In women, infection by C. trachomatis was the most common (10.5%; 494/4692), while infection by N. gonorrhoeae was the most common in men (16.2%; 2669/16,455). C. trachomatis was the most frequent in anorectal samples (10.1%; 1222/12057), of which 19.3% (236/1222) revealed to belong to the lymphogranuloma venereum group, and N. gonorrhoeae was the most common in the oropharynx (11.5%; 1621/14,123). Both infections were more frequently detected in men (28.4%; 4680/16,455) and in people (regardless of gender) under 25 years of age (36.8%; 1389/3777). In conclusion, laboratory screening for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae in samples collected from dif ferent anatomical sites revealed high percentages of N. gonorrhoeae infections at the oropharynx and anorectum and of C. trachomatis at the anorectum, suggesting that screening for these STIs should not be restricted to the genital region. The rise (8.6 percentage points between 2017 and 2022) of N. gonorrhoeae infections represents a serious concern, given the potential emergence of strains resistant to antibiotics.
Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae constitute the two most common curable sexually transmitted infections (STI) worldwide. As they are of ten asymptomatic, laboratory screening of these STI is essential for establishing adequate treatment that should prevent the development of serious clinical sequelae, and to break transmission chains. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections within the scope of the routine laboratory diagnosis at the National STI Reference Laboratory at INSA, in the period 2017-2022. Laboratory research for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae was carried out using real-time PCR on 47,136 biological samples (genital, anorectal and/or oropharyngeal) from 21,188 people. Infection by any of these STI was detected in 22.6% (n=4799) of the individuals. In women, infection by C. trachomatis was the most common (10.5%; 494/4692), while infection by N. gonorrhoeae was the most common in men (16.2%; 2669/16,455). C. trachomatis was the most frequent in anorectal samples (10.1%; 1222/12057), of which 19.3% (236/1222) revealed to belong to the lymphogranuloma venereum group, and N. gonorrhoeae was the most common in the oropharynx (11.5%; 1621/14,123). Both infections were more frequently detected in men (28.4%; 4680/16,455) and in people (regardless of gender) under 25 years of age (36.8%; 1389/3777). In conclusion, laboratory screening for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae in samples collected from dif ferent anatomical sites revealed high percentages of N. gonorrhoeae infections at the oropharynx and anorectum and of C. trachomatis at the anorectum, suggesting that screening for these STIs should not be restricted to the genital region. The rise (8.6 percentage points between 2017 and 2022) of N. gonorrhoeae infections represents a serious concern, given the potential emergence of strains resistant to antibiotics.
Description
Keywords
Chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infeções por Chlamydia trachomatis Infeções por Neisseria gonorrhoeae Diagnóstico Laboratorial Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis Doenças infeciosas Portugal
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2024 janeiro-abril;13(35):36-42
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP