Loading...
Publication
Triquinelíase: estudo de uma população humana potencialmente exposta à infeção em Portugal, 2023-2024
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.61 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A triquinelíase é uma zoonose parasitária de origem alimentar causada por nemátodas do género Trichinella, frequentemente transmitida através do consumo de carne curada, mal cozinhada ou inadequadamente congelada contendo larvas infetantes. Esta doença tem um impacto significativo na saúde pública e constitui um desafio global no âmbito da segurança alimentar, tendo sido detetada em animais silvestres de 66 países. Em Portugal, a triquinelíase é uma doença de declaração obrigatória, não havendo registo de qualquer caso humano desde 1987. Esta ausência contrasta com a situação observada em países vizinhos, como Espanha, que partilha práticas alimentares e perfis epidemiológicos semelhantes ao nosso país.
Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a presença de anticorpos do tipo imunoglobulina G (IgG) anti-Trichinella spp. em 200 indivíduos potencialmente expostos ao consumo de carne mal cozinhada ou não inspecionada. A deteção foi realizada através do ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA), sendo os resultados positivos ou equívocos posteriormente confirmados por imunoblot.
Dos 200 indivíduos em estudo foi confirmado um caso positivo, resultando numa seroprevalência de 0,5%. Além disso, o caso confirmado apresentou reatividade específica para os antigénios de Toxocara sp., sugerindo uma possível reatividade cruzada ou co- infeção.
A baixa seroprevalência de anticorpos contra Trichinella spiralis observada na população estudada, sugere que a triquinelíase humana é rara em Portugal. No entanto, existe a possibilidade de um subdiagnóstico e consequente subnotificação o que, por si só, reforça a importância de vigilância ativa e continuada das zoonoses parasitárias.
Trichinellosis is a foodborne parasitic zoonosis caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, of ten transmitted through the consumption of cured, undercooked or inadequately frozen meat containing infective larvae. This disease has a significant impact on public health and poses a global challenge to food safety, it has been detected in wild animals in 66 countries. In Portugal, trichinellosis is a notifiable disease and no human cases have been reported since 1987. This contrasts wi th the situation in neighbouring countries such as Spain, which has similar food practices and epidemiological profiles to our country. The aim of this study is to assess the presence of immunoglobul in G (IgG) antibodies against Trichinella spp. in 200 individuals potentially exposed to the consumption of undercooked or uninspected meat. Detection was performed using an enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with positive or equivocal results subsequently confirmed by immunoblot. Of the 200 individuals in the study, one positive case was confirmed, resulting in a seroprevalence of 0.5%. Additionally, the confirmed case exhibited specific reactivity to Toxocara sp. antigens, indicating potential cross- reactivity or a co infection. The low seroprevalence of antibodies against Trichinella spiralis in the studied population suggests that human trichinellosis is rare in Portugal. However, underdiagnosis and underreporting are possible, which highlights the importance of actively and continuously surveilling parasitic zoonoses
Trichinellosis is a foodborne parasitic zoonosis caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, of ten transmitted through the consumption of cured, undercooked or inadequately frozen meat containing infective larvae. This disease has a significant impact on public health and poses a global challenge to food safety, it has been detected in wild animals in 66 countries. In Portugal, trichinellosis is a notifiable disease and no human cases have been reported since 1987. This contrasts wi th the situation in neighbouring countries such as Spain, which has similar food practices and epidemiological profiles to our country. The aim of this study is to assess the presence of immunoglobul in G (IgG) antibodies against Trichinella spp. in 200 individuals potentially exposed to the consumption of undercooked or uninspected meat. Detection was performed using an enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with positive or equivocal results subsequently confirmed by immunoblot. Of the 200 individuals in the study, one positive case was confirmed, resulting in a seroprevalence of 0.5%. Additionally, the confirmed case exhibited specific reactivity to Toxocara sp. antigens, indicating potential cross- reactivity or a co infection. The low seroprevalence of antibodies against Trichinella spiralis in the studied population suggests that human trichinellosis is rare in Portugal. However, underdiagnosis and underreporting are possible, which highlights the importance of actively and continuously surveilling parasitic zoonoses
Description
Keywords
Trichinella spp. Infecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses Doenças Infeciosas Portugal
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2025 maio-agosto;14(38): 42-52
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP