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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A síndrome de quilomicronemia familiar (FCS) é uma doença rara, com
hereditariedade recessiva, envolvendo o metabolismo das lipoproteínas.
Carateriza-se por um aumento acentuado dos triglicéridos (TGs) e quilomicras
no plasma. Os doentes apresentam plasma lipémico, pancreatite
recorrente, xantomas eruptivos, hepatoesplenomegalia e lipemia retiniana.
O presente estudo tem como objetivo a caraterização molecular
de indivíduos com quadro clínico de FCS. Até à data foram referenciados
a este estudo 26 indivíduos com diagnóstico clínico de FCS. O estudo
inclui uma análise bioquímica do perfil lipídico e uma análise molecular
dos 5 genes envolvidos. Foi possível identificar uma possível causa
genética para a doença em 8/17 casos índex que apresentam variantes
potencialmente patogénicas nos genes LPL, APOC2 e LMF1. Em 7 doentes
só foi identificada uma variante genética em heterozigotia no gene
LPL e APOA5, desconhecendo-se qual o seu impacto no metabolismo
da LPL. Dois doentes têm estudo genético negativo e 9 ainda se encontram
em estudo. Os doentes com FCS devem ser identificados o mais
precocemente possível, a fim de minimizar ou prevenir os efeitos nefastos
desta condição. Nas situações em que temos diagnóstico molecular,
este permite um diagnóstico preciso e uma melhor gestão das morbilidades,
contribuindo para uma melhoria do prognóstico.
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare recessive disorder, involving lipoprotein metabolism. It is characterized by a severe increase in plasma triglycerides (TGs) and chylomicrons. Patients have lipemic plasma, recurrent pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas, hepatosplenomegaly and retinal lipemia. The aim of the present study is the molecular characterization of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of FCS. To date, 26 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of FCS have been referred to this study. The study includes a biochemical analysis of the lipid profile and a molecular analysis of the 5 genes involved. A possible genetic cause for the disease was identified in 8/17 index cases that present potentially pathogenic variants in LPL, APOC2 and LMF1 genes. In 7 patients, only one genetic variant in heterozygosity was identified in LPL and APOA5 genes, and its impact on LPL metabolism is unknown. Two patients have a negative genetic study and 9 are still under study. FCS patients should be identified as early as possible in order to minimize or prevent the harmful effects of this condition. In situations where we have a molecular diagnosis, this allows for a correct diagnosis and better management of morbidities, contributing to an improvement in the prognosis.
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare recessive disorder, involving lipoprotein metabolism. It is characterized by a severe increase in plasma triglycerides (TGs) and chylomicrons. Patients have lipemic plasma, recurrent pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas, hepatosplenomegaly and retinal lipemia. The aim of the present study is the molecular characterization of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of FCS. To date, 26 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of FCS have been referred to this study. The study includes a biochemical analysis of the lipid profile and a molecular analysis of the 5 genes involved. A possible genetic cause for the disease was identified in 8/17 index cases that present potentially pathogenic variants in LPL, APOC2 and LMF1 genes. In 7 patients, only one genetic variant in heterozygosity was identified in LPL and APOA5 genes, and its impact on LPL metabolism is unknown. Two patients have a negative genetic study and 9 are still under study. FCS patients should be identified as early as possible in order to minimize or prevent the harmful effects of this condition. In situations where we have a molecular diagnosis, this allows for a correct diagnosis and better management of morbidities, contributing to an improvement in the prognosis.
Description
Keywords
Síndrome de Quilomicronemia Familiar Caraterização Molecular Metabolismo das Lipoproteínas Triglicéridos Gene LPL Doenças Raras Estudo Genético Doenças Genéticas e Cromossómicas Doenças Cardio e Cérebro-vasculares
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2020 maio-agosto;9(27):22-26
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP
