Mixtures Toxicology: Mycotoxins in food as a case study

Silva, M.J.; Alvito, P.

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/4670

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Authors

Silva, M.J.

Alvito, P.

Abstract(s)

Historically, the potential health impact associated to human exposure to chemical stressors has been assessed on the basis of single-chemical and single-exposure pathway scenarios. In recent years, the acknowledged co-occurrence of multiple chemical contaminants in food has suggested, however, a change in the paradigm of the hazard identification and characterization, towards understanding the potential combined effects of chemicals. The most well established and conservative model to predict the combined toxicity of chemicals is based on the concept of additivity, advocating that the joint effect of multiple chemicals is the summation of individual effects. Additivity incorporates the concentration addition (CA) model, assuming the same Mode of Action (MoA) and the independent action (IA) model assuming a dissimilar MoA of chemicals in the mixture. Deviations from these models, i.e., interactive effects include synergism, antagonism and more subtle interactions that depend on the actual doses of the mixture components. To illustrate the challenges faced when addressing mixtures toxicology, my presentation will be focused on the combined toxic effects of mycotoxins with the potential to co-occur in food.