DAN - Apresentações orais em encontros internacionais
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- Reporting monitoring data to EFSA Reports, business rules and corrective actions - 2022Publication . Brazão, RobertoTrabalho que decorre do que tem vindo a ser desenvolvido nos últimos anos com a EFSA em matéria de harmonização, recolha e reporte de dados, nomeadamente, e em particular, com a implementação do projeto ID RISK - A importância da harmonização do sistema de recolha de dados de controlos oficiais na Defesa do Consumidor. O projeto ID RISK é um projeto financiado pela EFSA, que envolve 3 instituições de 2 Estados-membros da União Europeia (UE): ASAE e Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA) de Portugal e Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food (HAPIH) da Croácia. O ID RISK através da partilha de conhecimentos entre Portugal (ASAE e INSA) e Croácia (CSH), tem como objetivo reforçar a capacidade de recolha, gestão e transmissão de dados dos controlos oficiais, para produzir repositórios de informação com robustez e qualidade, para realizar estudos de avaliação de risco e de investigação científica.
- The influence of cultivated cardoon and globe artichoke ethanolic leaf extracts on the shelf life of poultry meatPublication . Barbosa, Cássia; Vilarinho, Fernanda; Andrade, Mariana; Sanches Silva, Ana; Fernando, Ana LuisaFood additives are commonly used to prolong the shelf life of food by slowing down natural deterioration. However, synthetic additives have raised health concerns despite the European Union's strict regulations. To address this issue, researchers are exploring natural sources of compounds that can be safely used as food additives. Extracts from plants and agro-industrial by-products, such as Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon), are being investigated for their potential as natural food preservatives. Cardoon leaves, the main by-product generated, are rich in antioxidants and antimicrobials, making them a promising candidate. The ethanolic extracts from cultivated cardoon and globe artichoke leaves were tested for their effectiveness in extending the shelf life of refrigerated poultry meat at a temperature of 5 ºC. After different storage durations (0, 4, 8, 11, and 15 days), the samples were evaluated for lipid oxidation, moisture, colour, pH, acidity, total volatile basic nitrogen, and microbial growth. It was found that the addition to poultry meat of cultivated cardoon leaf extract exhibited the most negligible malondialdehyde value, indicating significant antioxidant capacity and a significant delay in lipid oxidation. The extracts were also effective in retarding microbial growth once the counts remained at initial levels for all microorganisms studied. The results showed that both extracts effectively preserved the meat's quality for up to 15 days, making them a promising natural alternative to synthetic additives.
- Improving data on overweight, obesity and undernutrition among children under the age of 5 years in the WHO European RegionPublication . Wickramasinghe, K.; Heinen, M.; Buoncristiano, M.; Pudule, I.; Rito, Ana; Spinelli, A.; Ahrens, W.; Borghi, E.; Flores-Urrutia, K.; McColl, K.; Sassi, F.; Williams, J.; Rakovac, I.Introduction: It is important for countries to be able to examine their progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals on malnutrition. Unfortunately, in the WHO European Region, there is limited and sparse crosssectional anthropometric measured data at national level from children under five years of age. The WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases in collaboration with WHO Headquarters and as part of its participation in the European Union funded project “Science Technology Obesity Policy” (STOP), is exploring to address these data gaps. Therefore, in October 2022, the WHO Regional Office for Europe convened an expert meeting to discuss the current overview of data availability, data collection, and next steps to move forward. Methods: Key stakeholders working in the areas related to childhood obesity surveillance were invited to this meeting to discuss and explore the availability of data, the feasibility, generalisability and practicality of anthropometric data collection in children under five and suggest next steps to move forward. Results: Addressing the challenge of childhood obesity in Europe was discussed, as well as the importance of anthropometric data on children under five years of age. Results of a survey from 31 European countries on the availability of anthropometric data in this age group were presented, focusing on data available from “routine health checks”. Future work is needed to identify the feasibility of accessing this data for surveillance and research purposes. Three Member States, namely Italy, Portugal and Latvia, presented their experience in data collection and perspectives on how to improve data on children under five. Discussions took place on the feasibility, generalisability and practicality of anthropometric data collection, and expected challenges and solutions. It was discussed that further explorations need to be done to harmonize joint data collection efforts coming from different sources within national health information systems. Conclusion: We concluded that it is important to move on from the idea of a perfect, ideal data source. All data sources — and the possibility of combining data from different sources — should be explored. Latvia has demonstrated the feasibility of a kindergarten-based survey and several countries have indicated willingness to participate in similar surveys. Other data sources should be further explored — it is important to gather enough information from routine data sources to be able to use and interpret these data (and combine them with other data). This is particularly important because kindergarten-based data will reach the older children in the under-five age group, while there tends to be higher coverage of younger children through routine data from paediatric systems.
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviours of school-aged children in 13 countries within the WHO European Region: “COSI COVID” Study, 2020-2022Publication . Rito, Ana; Buoncristiano, Marta; Mendes, Sofia; Figueira, Ines; Abdrakhmanova, Shynar; Akhmedova, Dilorom; Ciardullo, Silvia; Fijałkowska, Anna; Gualtieri, Andrea; Huidumac‐Petrescu, Constanta; Kakutia, Natia; Kujundžić, Enisa; Musić-Milanović, Sanja; Seyidov, Nabil; Tabona, Lorraine; Tichá, Ľubica; Heinen, Mirjam M.; Whiting, Steve; Williams, Julianne; Rakovac, Ivo; Wickramasinghe, KremlinIntroduction: In 2020, the world population was hit by a global pandemic caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-Cov2), with rapid human-to-human transmission. To limit the spread of the virus and minimize its impact, governments around the world implemented containment measures, leading to many changes in the lifestyle of millions of people. Although children and adolescents were, generally, at low risk of infection and less affected by mortality1, this unprecedented situation led to significant impacts in their daily routines/habits and had a profound effect on their health and well-being2-3. We aimed to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the daily routine and behaviours of school aged children, within the WHO/COSI European study. Methods: 13 COSI countries participated in the study: Azerbaijan, Croatia, Georgia, Italy, Kazakhstan, Malta, Montenegro, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovakia and Uzbekistan. Countries could decide to implement the study together with the 6th round of COSI/WHO Europe in the 2021/2021 school year. A common methodological protocol was designed for this study. Information on children’s behaviors regarding eating habits and physical activity/inactivity before and during the COVID-19 confinement periods, was collected through the “Family COSI-COVID Form” with 12 questions. This form was completed on a voluntary basis by the parents/care givers of participating children. Results: This study included 42 731 children (6-10 years old). Preliminary results suggested that sweets and savory snacks increased during the pandemic in comparison to pre-pandemic period (15.7% and 13,2%, respectively). As for children’s sedentary behaviours, 36.7% of the children increased their time spent watching TV, playing video/computer games, or using social media for non-educational purposes on weekdays and 34.4% on weekends, during the pandemic period. In addition, the time spent learning at home also increased (35.5%). Regarding physical activity, the opposite was reported, showing a decrease in the time children spent being active outside school hours, both on weekdays (26.6%) and weekends (22.0%). Conclusion: These preliminary results are important to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on children’s lifestyles behaviours. These findings may be useful for future public health interventions as countries recover from the pandemic and take measures to address childhood obesity.
- Analytical methods to assess inorganic contaminants in foods. Quality control on food composition, including trace elementsPublication . Coelho, InêsContaminants in food can be of different origins and types. Adequate analytical methods are fundamental to assess contaminants in food. The methodology of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is currently used in numerous research fields, including biomedicine, pharmaceutics, geochemistry, proteomics, materials science, food safety and the nuclear industry. The principal advantages of this methodology are multielement capacity, high sensitivity, hyphenated techniques, wide working range (linearity) and high sample throughput. The reliability of ICP-MS results is ensured by rigorous quality control. Some trace elements analysed by ICP-MS integrate the Portuguese Food Composition Database, a national reference document for the composition of foods consumed in Portugal. This document includes information about 42 nutrients in different foodstuffs.
- Nutritional Composition of Ultra-Processed Plant-Based Foods in the Out-of-Home Setting: A Case-Study with Vegan BurgersPublication . Vellinga, Reina E.; Temme, Elisabeth H.M.; Rippin, Holly; Motta, Carla; Gonzales, Gerard Bryan; Farrand, Clare; Wickramasinghe, KremlinUltra-processed plant-based foods, such as plant-based burgers, have gained popularity and are perceived by consumers as a healthier and more environmentally sustainable alternative to animal-based foods. However, evidence regarding their nutritional profile and environmental sustainability is still evolving. To contribute to the understanding of the nutrient profile of ultra-processed plant-based foods in the out-of-home environment. Cities in four WHO European Member States were selected for study in a convenience sample across the regions of Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Lisbon, and London. Plant-based burgers available at selected out-of-home sites were randomly sampled. In total 41 plant-based burgers were lab-analyzed for their energy, macronutrients, amino-acids and minerals content per 100 g and per serving size. Descriptive data were used to summarize the nutritional composition per 100 g and serving size. The content per serving was compared to the appropriate reference values. The median energy content was 234 kcal/100 g (IQR = 50). Median macronutrient composition was 20.8 g/100 g (IQR = 5.7) carbohydrates and 3.5 g/100 g (IQR = 1.8) dietary fibre. Protein content was 8.9 g/100 g (IQR = 3.7) with low protein quality. The median total fat content was 12.0 g/100 g (IQR = 4.2), including 0.08 g (IQR = 0.05) TFA and 2.2 g (IQR = 2.3) SFA. The median sodium content was 389 mg/100 g (IQR = 113), equivalent to 2.7 g salt. When compared with reference values, the median serving of plant-based burgers (280 g) provided 31% of energy intake and contributed 17–28% of carbohydrates, 42% of dietary fibre, 40% of protein, and 48% of total fat including 26% of SFA. The burgers had low-quality protein. One serving provided 15–20% of the reference values for calcium, potassium, and magnesium, while higher contributions were found for zinc (30%), manganese (38%), phosphorus (51%), and iron (67%). Ultra-processed plant-based foods, such as plant-based burgers, provide protein, dietary fibre, and essential minerals. They also contain high levels of energy, sodium, and fatty acids. Despite their potential as a source of protein, the quality of protein in plant-based burgers is low. The multifaceted nutritional profile of plant-based burgers highlights the need for manufacturers to implement improvements to better support healthy dietary habits. These improvements should include reducing salt and fatty acids while also enhancing protein quality.
- Data quality based on value documentationPublication . Roe, M.; Westenbrink, S.; Costa, H.S.; Milesević, J.; Kadvan, A.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Dias, M.G.EuroFIR Data Quality:- Quality Management Framework: Laboratory; Compilation process; Publication/data exchange; - Value quality assessment: Assessment of value quality based on; Food description; Component identification; Sampling; Analytical procedures.
- Develop methodology for quality evaluation data from national FCDBs – Task 1.2, update D1.2Publication . Costa, H.S.; Dias, M.G.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Ravasco, F.; Lopes, A.; Finglas, P.; Roe, M.; Milesević, J.; Kadvan, A.; Westenbrink, S.About TASK 1.2 - To develop an approach to evaluate quality of national FCDBs.
- IDRisk - Improving Data quality for RISK assessmentPublication . Tomé, SidneyThe main objectives of IDRisk are: - Improve/Restructure the dynamic sampling forms module; - Develop the application that will run on the mobile devices; - Prepare/Improve the existing system in order to receive the data submitted through the mobile app; - Prepare/Improve the existing system so real-time communication with the mobile devices that are on the field is possible; - Data filled using digital sampling forms, must be able to be exported to a physical format; - Implement interfaces between systems (NDMSs) so a two-way communication is possible; - Plan and implement an automatic PT.ON.DATA FoodEx2 classification system for sampling descriptions.
- Interaction between T. castaneum and mycotoxin-producing fungi present in milled grainsPublication . Duarte, Sónia; Hilário, Carolina; Tomás, Joana; Alvito, Paula; Boavida, Ricardo; Magro, Ana; Carvalho, Maria OtiliaThis work aims to study the interaction between two organisms when they grow together in maize flour: Aspergillus flavus Link and Tribolium castaneum Herbst. Two strains of A. flavus were used, one atoxigenic and the other producing aflatoxins. Trials involved a control of only maize flour, maize flour with insects, maize flour with fungi and maize flour with these both organisms (A. flavus and T. castaneum). The development of all these organisms in maize flour was observed. The mycotoxigenic strain of A. flavus produced aflatoxin B1 and B2. However, this production was significantly higher when the fungi was interacting with insects, exceeding the limits allowed by EU in food. AFG1 and AFG2 were not found in any of the treatments. The fungi development seemed to exert a negative effect on the insects survival, as it caused their death, regardless of the putative chemical defenses that this insect has towards other compting organisms, the benzoquinones. It was observed that the adults of red flour beetle promote not only the dispersal and growth of the fungi, as well as seem to stimulate mycotoxin production.