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Cianobactérias e cianotoxinas em água tratada: conhecer para prevenir
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A monitorização da qualidade da água para consumo humano relativamente à presença de cianobactérias é uma das atribuições do Departamento de Saúde Ambiental do Instituto Nacional de Saúde. A proliferação massiva de cianobactérias (bloom) em reservatórios de água doce superficial tem impactos no ecossistema aquático, nos procedimentos operativos das estações de tratamento de água e acarreta riscos para a saúde humana e animal devido à capacidade toxigénica de algumas espécies cianobacterianas.
Neste trabalho descreve-se a deteção de uma densidade elevada da espécie Dolichospermum planctonicum numa amostra de água tratada, bem como a presença de anatoxina-a (neurotoxina).
A legislação portuguesa apenas contempla um valor paramétrico de referência para microcistinas (hepatotoxinas). Porém, de acordo com os valores-guia da Organização Mundial da Saúde, a anatoxina-a foi detetada numa concentração abaixo do valor recomendado para água de consumo humano.
Os resultados alertam para a importância da monitorização regular de cianobactérias em água bruta e tratada e da adequação da monitorização de cianotoxinas em função do potencial tóxico das espécies presentes. Por outro lado, salienta-se a necessidade de integrar os dados de monitorização a nível do país, pois só assim será possível conhecer o cenário real de ocorrência de blooms tóxicos em Portugal, e, em conformidade, adequar a legislação nacional.
Monitoring the quality of water for human consumption regarding the presence of cyanobacteria is one of the attributions of the Department of Environmental Health of the National Institute of Health (Portugal ). The massive proliferation of cyanobacteria (bloom) in freshwater bodies has impacts on aquatic ecosystems, on operative procedures at water treatment stations and presents human and animal health risks due the toxigenic potential of some cyanobacterial species. In this work, we describe the detection of a high density of the cyanobacterium Dolichospermum planctonicum in a treated water sample, as well as the presence of anatoxin-a (neurotoxin). Portuguese legislation only includes a mandatory level for microcystins (hepatotoxins). However, according to the World Health Organization guidelines, anatoxin-a was detected at a concentration below the recommended value for drinking water. These results alert to the importance of the regular monitoring of cyanobacteria in raw and treated water and to the adequacy of cyanotoxins monitoring according to the toxic potential of the species present in the samples. Furthermore, the need to integrate data at the country level is emphasized, as this is the only way to understand the real scenario of toxic bloom occurrences in Portugal and, accordingly, adapt national legislation.
Monitoring the quality of water for human consumption regarding the presence of cyanobacteria is one of the attributions of the Department of Environmental Health of the National Institute of Health (Portugal ). The massive proliferation of cyanobacteria (bloom) in freshwater bodies has impacts on aquatic ecosystems, on operative procedures at water treatment stations and presents human and animal health risks due the toxigenic potential of some cyanobacterial species. In this work, we describe the detection of a high density of the cyanobacterium Dolichospermum planctonicum in a treated water sample, as well as the presence of anatoxin-a (neurotoxin). Portuguese legislation only includes a mandatory level for microcystins (hepatotoxins). However, according to the World Health Organization guidelines, anatoxin-a was detected at a concentration below the recommended value for drinking water. These results alert to the importance of the regular monitoring of cyanobacteria in raw and treated water and to the adequacy of cyanotoxins monitoring according to the toxic potential of the species present in the samples. Furthermore, the need to integrate data at the country level is emphasized, as this is the only way to understand the real scenario of toxic bloom occurrences in Portugal and, accordingly, adapt national legislation.
Description
Keywords
Cianobactérias Cianotoxinas Água Consumo Humano Qualidade da Água Avaliação do Risco Saúde Ambiental
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2025 maio-agosto;14(38): 80-86
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP