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Riscos e benefícios de beber chá verde: podemos potenciar os benefícios para a saúde aumentando o seu consumo em Portugal?
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O chá é consumido há anos, tendo o chá verde recebido particular destaque,
atendendo principalmente aos potenciais efeitos benéficos para
a saúde que o seu consumo regular poderá potenciar. Alguns destes
efeitos são atribuídos aos polifenóis, nomeadamente à epigalocatequina-
-3-galato (EGCG). Por outro lado, o chá pode também encontrar-se contaminado
por micotoxinas, i.e., metabolitos secundários produzidos por
fungos que poderão afetar negativamente a saúde. Neste estudo, pretendeu-
se integrar os riscos (devidos à exposição a micotoxinas e à ingestão
de níveis elevados de EGCG) e benefícios (pela ingestão moderada
de EGCG) associados ao consumo de chá verde. Os dados respeitantes
à contaminação do chá verde por micotoxinas foram obtidos através da
análise de 38 micotoxinas, e seus metabolitos, em 20 amostras de chá
verde (10 obtidas em granel e 10 em saquetas) disponíveis nas superfícies
comerciais da região de Lisboa, através de metodologias cromatográficas.
Oito das vinte amostras apresentaram valores quantificáveis de
micotoxinas. Relativamente aos teores em EGCG, bem como aos dados
de consumo de chá verde pela população adulta, foram considerados
aqueles reportados pela Autoridade Europeia de Segurança Alimentar
(EFSA). Concluímos que o consumo atual de chá verde não foi associado
a uma preocupação para a saúde, atenta a ingestão de micotoxinas e
EGCG nas amostras analisadas. Os cenários hipotéticos considerados,
estabelecendo um consumo crescente de chá verde em Portugal, revelaram
que o consumo de até sete chávenas por dia deverá maximizar os
potenciais efeitos benéficos para a saúde. Este estudo pretende contribuir
para o estabelecimento futuro de recomendações de consumo de
chá verde em Portugal.
Tea has been consumed for thousands of years, however, particular interest has been dedicated to green tea. This interest has been motivated by the associated health benefits following its regular consumption, some of which are due to its polyphenol constituents, such as epigallocatechin- 3-gallate (EGCG). Contrarily, tea could be contaminated by mycotoxins, secondary metabolites of fungi, negatively affecting the human health. Here, we aimed to assess the balance between risks (due to mycotoxins and intake of high levels of EGCG) and benefits (due to moderate intake of EGCG) associated with the consumption of green tea. For the evaluation of potential mycotoxin contamination in green tea, 20 samples (10 in bulk and 10 in bags) available in different Lisbon markets were analyzed for 38 mycotoxins and their metabolites, through a chromatographic method. The used EGCG levels, as well as green tea consumption data were those reported by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Eight samples out of 20 presented quantifiable values of the considered toxins. We conclude that the current levels of mycotoxins and EGCG intake in the analyzed green tea samples were not associated with health concerns. Scenarios considering an increasing consumption of green tea in Portugal revealed that drinking up to seven cups per day should maximize the associated health benefits. The present study contributes to the future establishment of green tea consumption recommendations in Portugal.
Tea has been consumed for thousands of years, however, particular interest has been dedicated to green tea. This interest has been motivated by the associated health benefits following its regular consumption, some of which are due to its polyphenol constituents, such as epigallocatechin- 3-gallate (EGCG). Contrarily, tea could be contaminated by mycotoxins, secondary metabolites of fungi, negatively affecting the human health. Here, we aimed to assess the balance between risks (due to mycotoxins and intake of high levels of EGCG) and benefits (due to moderate intake of EGCG) associated with the consumption of green tea. For the evaluation of potential mycotoxin contamination in green tea, 20 samples (10 in bulk and 10 in bags) available in different Lisbon markets were analyzed for 38 mycotoxins and their metabolites, through a chromatographic method. The used EGCG levels, as well as green tea consumption data were those reported by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Eight samples out of 20 presented quantifiable values of the considered toxins. We conclude that the current levels of mycotoxins and EGCG intake in the analyzed green tea samples were not associated with health concerns. Scenarios considering an increasing consumption of green tea in Portugal revealed that drinking up to seven cups per day should maximize the associated health benefits. The present study contributes to the future establishment of green tea consumption recommendations in Portugal.
Description
Keywords
Chá Verde Consumo Riscos e Benefícios Micotoxinas Catequinas Composição dos Alimentos Portugal
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2021 janeiro-abril;10(29):47-51
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP