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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A drepanocitose é uma doença genética causada pela mutação c.20A>T,
em homozigotia, no gene da beta-globina, que leva à síntese de uma
hemoglobina anómala – hemoglobina S. Para além da anemia hemolítica
crónica, as manifestações clínicas são diversas e, em crianças, a mais
grave é a vasculopatia cerebral que inclui os acidentes vasculares cerebrais (AVC) e os enfartes cerebrais silenciosos. Apesar de monogénica,
variantes noutros genes poderão atuar como modificadores do seu curso
e gravidade clínica. Neste trabalho, estudámos 70 doentes pediátricos,
de origem subsaariana, com drepanocitose e bem caracterizados em
termos de vasculopatia cerebral. Procedemos à genotipagem de variantes nos genes VCAM1 e NOS3 envolvidos na ativação do endotélio dos
vasos sanguíneos e no tónus vascular. A análise estatística revelou uma
associação positiva entre a presença da variante rs1409419_T, bem como
do haplotipo 7 de VCAM1, e a ocorrência de AVC. Por outro lado, para o
gene NOS3, observámos uma associação negativa entre o VNTR_alelo
4b e o haplotipo V, e a ocorrência de enfarte cerebral silencioso, bem
como entre o haplotipo VII e a ocorrência de vasculopatia cerebral. Os
resultados obtidos sublinham a importância de VCAM1 e NOS3 como
moduladores genéticos, bem como o seu potencial como biomarcadores
para a prevenção e prognóstico da vasculopatia cerebral em crianças
com drepanocitose.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease caused by homozygosity for the mutation c.20A>T in the beta-globin gene which leads to the synthesis of an abnormal hemoglobin – hemoglobin S. In addition to chronic hemolytic anemia, the disease includes various clinical manifestations of which cerebral vasculopathy (that comprises overt stroke and silent cerebral infarction) is the most severe in children. Despite being a monogenic disease, its progression and severity may be modified due to the effect of variants in other genes. In this work, we studied 70 sickle cell anemia pediatric patients of sub-Saharan ancestry well characterized in terms of cerebral vasculopathy. We genotyped variants in the VCAM1 and NOS3 genes, due to the involvement of these genes in blood vessel endothelium activation and vascular tone balance. Statistical analyses showed a positive associative between the presence of the rs1409419_T variant, as well as of the haplotype 7 of VCAM1, and stroke. On the other hand, for the NOS3 gene, we observed a negative association between the presence of the VNTR_4b allele and haplotype V and silent cerebral infarcts. A similar association was observed between haplotype VII and cerebral vasculopathy as a whole. Our results underline the importance of VCAM1 and NOS3 genes as genetic modulators, as well as their role as potential biomarkers for cerebral vasculopathy prevention and prognosis in children with sickle cell anemia.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease caused by homozygosity for the mutation c.20A>T in the beta-globin gene which leads to the synthesis of an abnormal hemoglobin – hemoglobin S. In addition to chronic hemolytic anemia, the disease includes various clinical manifestations of which cerebral vasculopathy (that comprises overt stroke and silent cerebral infarction) is the most severe in children. Despite being a monogenic disease, its progression and severity may be modified due to the effect of variants in other genes. In this work, we studied 70 sickle cell anemia pediatric patients of sub-Saharan ancestry well characterized in terms of cerebral vasculopathy. We genotyped variants in the VCAM1 and NOS3 genes, due to the involvement of these genes in blood vessel endothelium activation and vascular tone balance. Statistical analyses showed a positive associative between the presence of the rs1409419_T variant, as well as of the haplotype 7 of VCAM1, and stroke. On the other hand, for the NOS3 gene, we observed a negative association between the presence of the VNTR_4b allele and haplotype V and silent cerebral infarcts. A similar association was observed between haplotype VII and cerebral vasculopathy as a whole. Our results underline the importance of VCAM1 and NOS3 genes as genetic modulators, as well as their role as potential biomarkers for cerebral vasculopathy prevention and prognosis in children with sickle cell anemia.
Description
Keywords
Drepanocitose Moduladores Genéticos Vasculopatia Cerebral Anemia das Células Falciformes Crianças Doenças Genéticas
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2020 janeiro-abril;9(26):63-67
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP
