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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os serotipos Typhi e Paratyphi causam infeções sistémicas graves, sendo
crucial a administração de antibioterapia adequada. No entanto, o aumento
crescente da taxa de multirresistência aos antibióticos, especialmente no
caso de Salmonella Typhi, dificulta a escolha dos antibióticos a administrar.
Em Portugal, os casos de febre tifoide e paratifoide são raros.
Com este estudo pretendeu-se identificar e caracterizar os perfis de resistência
aos antibióticos de isolados de Salmonella Typhi e Salmonella
Paratyphi A, B e C, entre janeiro de 1994 e maio de 2024, e avaliar a sua
proximidade genética.
Após confirmação do serotipo, 86 isolados foram submetidos a testes de
suscetibilidade aos antibióticos e sequenciação total do genoma. Neste estudo,
60,5% dos isolados foram resistentes a pelo menos um antibiótico,
dos quais 15,4% eram multirresistentes. Entre 1994-2016 todos os isolados
foram suscetíveis, mas a partir de 2017 foi possível observar uma tendência
crescente na resistência aos antibióticos, especialmente para S. Typhi. A resistência
à pefloxacina foi a mais frequente, seguida da resistência ao ácido
nalidíxico, ampicilina, trimetoprim, sulfametoxazol e cloranfenicol. Dos diversos
genes de resistência identificados, destaca-se a presença do gene blaCTX-
M-15 num isolado de Salmonella Typhi de 2020, resistente a antibióticos de
importância crítica.
Foram identificados 11 pequenos clusters. Apesar dos serotipos tifoides e
paratifoides não serem endémicos em Portugal, é essencial manter uma vigilância
laboratorial contínua, de forma a caracterizar os isolados circulantes
em Portugal e detetar potenciais surtos.
Typhi and Paratyphi serovars are responsible for severe systemic infections that require appropriate antimicrobial therapy. However, the increasing rate of multidrug resistance, particularly in Salmonella Typhi, complicates therapeutics. In Portugal, typhoid and paratyphoid fever cases are rare. This study aimed to identify and to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A, B, and C isolates from 1994 to May 2024, and to assess their genetic proximity. Af ter serotyping confirmation, 86 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibilit y testing and Whole Genome Sequencing. In this study, 60.5% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, of which 15.4% were multidrug-resistant. Between 1994 and 2016, all isolates were susceptible, but an increasing trend in antibiotic resistance was observed af ter 2017, par ticularly in S. Typhi. Resistance to pefloxacin was most frequent, followed by nalidixic acid, ampicillin, trimethoprim, sulphamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. Among the resistance genes identified, blaCTX-M-15 gene was found in a S. Typhi isolate from 2020, resistant to critically impor tant antibiotics. Eleven small clusters were identified. Although typhoid and paratyphoid serotypes are not endemic in Por tugal, continuous laborator y surveillance is essential to characterize circulating isolates and to detect potential outbreaks.
Typhi and Paratyphi serovars are responsible for severe systemic infections that require appropriate antimicrobial therapy. However, the increasing rate of multidrug resistance, particularly in Salmonella Typhi, complicates therapeutics. In Portugal, typhoid and paratyphoid fever cases are rare. This study aimed to identify and to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A, B, and C isolates from 1994 to May 2024, and to assess their genetic proximity. Af ter serotyping confirmation, 86 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibilit y testing and Whole Genome Sequencing. In this study, 60.5% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, of which 15.4% were multidrug-resistant. Between 1994 and 2016, all isolates were susceptible, but an increasing trend in antibiotic resistance was observed af ter 2017, par ticularly in S. Typhi. Resistance to pefloxacin was most frequent, followed by nalidixic acid, ampicillin, trimethoprim, sulphamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. Among the resistance genes identified, blaCTX-M-15 gene was found in a S. Typhi isolate from 2020, resistant to critically impor tant antibiotics. Eleven small clusters were identified. Although typhoid and paratyphoid serotypes are not endemic in Por tugal, continuous laborator y surveillance is essential to characterize circulating isolates and to detect potential outbreaks.
Description
Keywords
Salmonella Typhi Salmonella Paratyphi Caracterização Fenotípica Caracterização Genotípica Doenças infeciosas Febre Tifoide Paratifoide Portugal
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2023 mai-ago;12(34):21-28
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP
