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Pesquisa de bactérias entéricas multirresistentes em perus produzidos para consumo humano - Existe risco para a Saúde Pública?
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Abstract(s)
As doenças de origem alimentar constituem um grave problema de saúde pública, e os produtos alimentares de origem animal são uma das principais fontes de contaminação. Igualmente preocupante é o aumento de estirpes multirresistentes.
Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o papel dos perus enquanto reservatórios e potenciais fontes de transmissão de Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella spp. e Shigella spp. ao Homem, através do isolamento e caracterização fenotípica e genotípica destas bactérias de fezes (n = 108) e carnes cruas de peru (n = 33), em Portugal.
Em nenhuma das matrizes foi isolada Shigella spp., enquanto Salmonella spp. foi apenas isolada numa amostra de fezes (0,9%). Isolou-se E. coli em todas as amostras de fezes e em 90,9% das amostras de carne. E. coli enteropatogénica foi identificada em 0,9% dos isolados de fezes. Os 138 isolados de E. coli sequenciados apresentaram genes de virulência de E. coli patogénica extraintestinal e 31,2% foram classificados como E. coli patogénica aviária. Foi observada uma grande diversidade de serotipos e sequências tipo.
Salmonella Newport foi suscetível aos antibióticos testados. Em E. coli, foram observadas resistências em 74,1% dos isolados de fezes e 90,0% dos de carne, e, respetivamente, 52,8% e 70,0% foram multirresistentes. No geral, as resistências mais frequentes foram à ampicilina, tetraciclina e ciprofloxacina, e foram identificados cinco isolados produtores de beta-lactamases de espetro alargado. Oito isolados de E. coli apresentaram genes de resistência para a colistina (mcr-1.1). A análise filogenética dos isolados de E. coli permitiu identificar 13 clusters. Foi identificado um cluster entre o isolado de Salmonella Newport e outro isolado nacional.
Os resultados deste estudo realçam o papel dos perus como uma potencial fonte de doenças zoonóticas para o Homem e a importância da abordagem One Health, de forma a garantir a segurança alimentar e promover a saúde pública.
Foodborne diseases represent a major public health concern, with food-producing animals identified as a primary source of contamination. Furthermore, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains is a significant cause for worry. This study aimed to understand the role of turkeys as reservoirs and potential sources of transmission of Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp. to humans, through the isolation and the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of these bacteria from turkey faeces (n = 108) and raw turkey meat (n = 33) in Portugal. No Shigella spp. were isolated from the analysed samples, while Salmonella spp. were only isolated from faecal samples (0.9%). E. coli was isolated from all faecal samples and from 90.9% of meat samples. Enteropathogenic E. coli was identified in 0.9% of faecal isolates. All sequenced E. coli isolates carried virulence genes characteristic of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, with 31.2% of the isolates classified as avian pathogenic E. coli. A high diversity of serotypes and sequence types was observed. The Salmonella Newport isolate was susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Among the E. coli isolates, resistance was observed in 74.0% of faecal isolates and 90.0% of the meat isolates and, respectively, 52.8% and 70.0% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. The most prevalent resistances were observed to ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. Five E. coli isolates were identified as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, and eight carried colistin resistance genes (mcr-1.1). Phylogenetic analysis of E. coli isolates identified 13 clusters. Additionally, a cluster was observed between the Salmonella Newport isolate and a national isolate from the Enterobase Portuguese collection. These findings highlight the role of turkeys and their meat as a potential source of zoonotic diseases to humans and emphasize the importance of a One Health approach to ensure food safety and promote public health.
Foodborne diseases represent a major public health concern, with food-producing animals identified as a primary source of contamination. Furthermore, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains is a significant cause for worry. This study aimed to understand the role of turkeys as reservoirs and potential sources of transmission of Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp. to humans, through the isolation and the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of these bacteria from turkey faeces (n = 108) and raw turkey meat (n = 33) in Portugal. No Shigella spp. were isolated from the analysed samples, while Salmonella spp. were only isolated from faecal samples (0.9%). E. coli was isolated from all faecal samples and from 90.9% of meat samples. Enteropathogenic E. coli was identified in 0.9% of faecal isolates. All sequenced E. coli isolates carried virulence genes characteristic of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, with 31.2% of the isolates classified as avian pathogenic E. coli. A high diversity of serotypes and sequence types was observed. The Salmonella Newport isolate was susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Among the E. coli isolates, resistance was observed in 74.0% of faecal isolates and 90.0% of the meat isolates and, respectively, 52.8% and 70.0% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. The most prevalent resistances were observed to ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. Five E. coli isolates were identified as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, and eight carried colistin resistance genes (mcr-1.1). Phylogenetic analysis of E. coli isolates identified 13 clusters. Additionally, a cluster was observed between the Salmonella Newport isolate and a national isolate from the Enterobase Portuguese collection. These findings highlight the role of turkeys and their meat as a potential source of zoonotic diseases to humans and emphasize the importance of a One Health approach to ensure food safety and promote public health.
Description
Orientadora Ângela Pista (Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas, INSA)
Keywords
Salmonella Spp Escherichia Coli Shigella Spp Perus Sequenciação Total do Genoma Infecções Gastrointestinais Turkeys Whole-Genome Sequencing
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