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O stress ambiental pode provocar mais alterações nas plantas do que a engenharia genética
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A aprovação das plantas geneticamente modificadas é precedida de vários
anos de investigação intensiva de forma a garantir a sua segurança para o
homem e ambiente. Recentemente demonstrámos que o stress da cultura
in vitro parece ser o fator que mais influencia as diferenças proteómicas
encontradas entre as plantas geneticamente modificadas (GM) e os seus
controlos. Neste trabalho tentámos avaliar quantas gerações são necessárias
para os efeitos da “memória” desse stress serem apagados. Tentámos
também comparar a relevância das alterações provocadas pelo stress
da cultura in vitro quando comparadas com as provocadas por outros
stresses ambientais. Para tal seguimos três linhas de arroz durante oito gerações
após a transgénese combinando técnicas de análise transcritómica
e proteómica. Na geração F6 as plantas foram sujeitas a stress salino. Os
resultados deste trabalho demonstraram que: (a) as diferenças promovidas
durante a modificação genética são maioritariamente diferenças fisiológicas
de curta duração, que atenuam ao longo do tempo; (b) os stresses ambientais
podem causar mais alterações proteómicas/trascritómicas que a
engenharia genética. Com base nos dados obtidos questionamos quais os
ensaios que são realmente relevantes e quais aqueles claramente excessivos
na avaliação do risco das plantas GM para a saúde humana e animal,
plantas e ambiente.
The approval of genetically modified (GM) crops is preceded by years of intensive research to demonstrate safety to humans and environment. We recently showed that in vitro culture stress is the major factor influencing proteomic dif ferences of GM vs. non-GM plants. This made us question the number of generations needed to erase such "memor y". We also wondered about the relevance of alterations promoted by transgenesis as compared to environment-induced ones. Here we followed three rice lines throughout eight generations af ter transgenesis combining proteomics and transcriptomics, and fur ther analyzed their response to salinity stress on the F6 generation. Our results showed that: (a) dif ferences promoted during genetic modification are mainly shor t-term physiological changes, attenuating throughout generations, and (b) environmental stress may cause far more proteomic/transcriptomic alterations than transgenesis. Based on our data, we question what is really relevant in risk assessment design for GM food crops.
The approval of genetically modified (GM) crops is preceded by years of intensive research to demonstrate safety to humans and environment. We recently showed that in vitro culture stress is the major factor influencing proteomic dif ferences of GM vs. non-GM plants. This made us question the number of generations needed to erase such "memor y". We also wondered about the relevance of alterations promoted by transgenesis as compared to environment-induced ones. Here we followed three rice lines throughout eight generations af ter transgenesis combining proteomics and transcriptomics, and fur ther analyzed their response to salinity stress on the F6 generation. Our results showed that: (a) dif ferences promoted during genetic modification are mainly shor t-term physiological changes, attenuating throughout generations, and (b) environmental stress may cause far more proteomic/transcriptomic alterations than transgenesis. Based on our data, we question what is really relevant in risk assessment design for GM food crops.
Description
Keywords
Stress Ambiental Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas Cultura in vitro Arroz stress salino Portugal Segurança Alimentar Saúde Pública
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2018 setembro-dezembro;7(23):44-8
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP