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Avaliação do impacto da vacina materna contra a tosse convulsa durante a gravidez na Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, um ano após a sua introdução no Programa Nacional de Vacinação
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Identificou-se um padrão de reemergência de tosse convulsa em Portugal
desde 2000. A maioria dos casos notificados ocorreram em crianças com
idade inferior a 6 meses sem primovacinação completa. Após o último
surto que superou o número de notificações anteriores, a vacinação materna durante a gravidez foi integrada no Programa Nacional de Vacinação
a partir de 01.01.2017. Com o objetivo de avaliar a introdução da vacina
na Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo (ARSLVT),
no primeiro ano após a sua introdução foi delineado um estudo ecológico
que incluiu casos ocorridos em crianças com menos de 6 meses de idade
sem primovacinação completa e teve como população de referência todas
as crianças da mesma idade nascidas antes (2016) e depois (2017) da
introdução da vacinação materna. Calcularam-se as taxas de incidência
anuais e a sua razão e respetivos intervalos de confiança a 95%. Estimaram-se também as taxas de incidência mensais para os grupos etários dos
0-2 meses e 2-6 meses. Verificou-se que a taxa de incidência de tosse
convulsa diminuiu 82% e 40% entre 2016 e 2017, respetivamente para as
faixas etárias dos 0-2 meses e dos 2-6 meses. Os resultados indicam uma
elevada efetividade, embora ainda não seja possível excluir totalmente um
possível efeito sazonal.
Whooping cough resurgence has been registered in Portugal since early 2000’s with a majority of cases reported among children aged less than 6 months of age, without priming vaccination completed or even initiated. After the last outbreak in 2016 maternal vaccine during pregnancy was included in the National Immunization Programme on January 1st 2017. An ecological study was designed to study the impact of the pertussis maternal vaccination in the Region of Lisbon and Tagus Valley in the first year after its implementation. It included cases occurred in children aged less than 6 months and the reference population were all the children with the same age born in the year before (2016) and the year after (2017) the introduction of maternal vaccination. The annual pertussis incidence rates, its ratio and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. To study the disease trends, monthly incidence rates were also calculated in both years. Pertussis incidence rate declined 82% and 40% from 2016 to 2017, respectively in the population aged 0-2 months and 2-6 months. The reduction was most accentuated in the second half of the year. The results suggest that the vaccine was highly effective, even though a seasonal effect cannot be totally excluded.
Whooping cough resurgence has been registered in Portugal since early 2000’s with a majority of cases reported among children aged less than 6 months of age, without priming vaccination completed or even initiated. After the last outbreak in 2016 maternal vaccine during pregnancy was included in the National Immunization Programme on January 1st 2017. An ecological study was designed to study the impact of the pertussis maternal vaccination in the Region of Lisbon and Tagus Valley in the first year after its implementation. It included cases occurred in children aged less than 6 months and the reference population were all the children with the same age born in the year before (2016) and the year after (2017) the introduction of maternal vaccination. The annual pertussis incidence rates, its ratio and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. To study the disease trends, monthly incidence rates were also calculated in both years. Pertussis incidence rate declined 82% and 40% from 2016 to 2017, respectively in the population aged 0-2 months and 2-6 months. The reduction was most accentuated in the second half of the year. The results suggest that the vaccine was highly effective, even though a seasonal effect cannot be totally excluded.
Description
Keywords
Tosse Convulsa Gravidez Vacina Vacina Materna Vacinação Programa Nacional de Vacinação Crianças 0 e os 6 meses Saúde Pública Portugal Doenças Evitáveis pela Vacinação Avaliação do Impacte em Saúde Determinantes da Saúde e da Doença
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2020 janeiro-abril;9(26):18-21
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP