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- Coordinated implementation of a conventional PCR assay to detect all Ebola and Marburg virus species in a European laboratory networkPublication . Heimsch, K.C.; Bleicker, T.; Best, T.D.; Presser, L.D.; Molenkamp, R.; Jääskeläinen, A.J.; Milewska, A.; Smahelová, J.; Baronti, C.; Pappa, S.; Tabain, I.; Cordeiro, Rita; Marsili, G.; Huik, K.; dos Reis, V. Pinho; Barzon, L.; Maes, P.; Drosten, C.; Corman, V.M.Background: Filoviruses, including Ebola and Marburg viruses, cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and primates. These viruses pose significant threats to public health, making rapid and sensitive detection critical for controlling outbreaks. We developed and validated a hemi-nested generic PanFilo assay to detect all Ebola virus species, Marburg viruses, and recently discovered bat filoviruses. This assay was deployed to 15 European laboratories and evaluated through testing of eight non-infectious samples. Objectives: Laboratories were asked to determine the detection limit of positive controls and test all samples using the assay provided. The deployed assay enables direct Nanopore sequencing of PCR products, by using tagged primers during the second round of PCR. Sequencing of the samples was carried out on a voluntary basis. Results: Multicenter validation revealed a 95 % limit of detection of 5309 RNA copies/μL for Ebola, 10,273 copies/μL for Marburg, and 2145 copies/μL for Mengla virus. In an implementation quality assessment, 93.3 % (84/90) of samples containing filovirus RNA were correctly identified and 100 % (30/30) of filovirus-negative samples were correctly identified. Thirteen laboratories sequenced PCR products, with nine identifying all positive samples correctly. Conclusion: The assay enables rapid and reliable detection of filoviruses, with sequencing capabilities for identifying both known and novel variants. This assay might be used for detection during the initial phase of an emerging filovirus outbreak, before a specific assay has been developed. However, our distribution across 15.
- COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalization in Older Adults, VEBIS Hospital Network, Europe, September 2024-May 2025Publication . Rojas-Castro, Madelyn; Verdasca, Nuno; Monge, Susana; De Mot, Laurane; Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino; Duffy, Róisín; Túri, Gergő; Kuliese, Monika; Duerrwald, Ralf; Borg, Maria-Louise; Popovici, Odette; Gomez, Verónica; Makarić, Zvjezdana Lovrić; Launay, Odile; Marques, Diogo F.P.; Pozo, Francisco; Witdouck, Arne; Martínez-Baz, Iván; Fitzgerald, Margaret; Oroszi, Beatrix; Jančorienė, Ligita; Buda, Silke; Dziugyte, Ausra; Lazăr, Mihaela; Machado, Ausenda; Tabain, Irena; Nguyen, Liem Binh Luong; Wagner, Eva Rivas; Dufrasne, François; Castilla, Jesús; Domegan, Lisa; Velkey, Viktória; Majauskaite, Fausta; Hackmann, Carolin; Nicolay, Nathalie; Bacci, Sabrina; Rose, Angela M.C.; European Hospital Vaccine Effectiveness GroupWe estimated COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization in patients ≥ 60 years with severe acute respiratory infection, using a multicenter, test-negative, case-control study across seven sites in six European countries between September 2024 and May 2025. We included 352 cases (115 vaccinated; 33%) and 9980 controls (5024 vaccinated; 50%). VE was 42% (95% CI: 15; 61) 14-59 days post-vaccination, 32% (95% CI: -1; 54) at 60-119 days, and 36% (95% CI: 2; 60) at 120-179 days, and no effect thereafter. Among adults aged 60-79 and ≥ 80 years, we observed moderate VE against COVID-19 hospitalization for up to 2 and 4 months, respectively.
- Effectiveness of the XBB.1.5 COVID-19 Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalisation Among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years During the BA.2.86/JN.1 Predominant Period, VEBIS Hospital Study, Europe, November 2023 to May 2024Publication . Antunes, Liliana; Rojas-Castro, Madelyn; Lozano, Marcos; Martínez-Baz, Iván; Leroux-Roels, Isabel; Borg, Maria-Louise; Oroszi, Beatrix; Fitzgerald, Margaret; Dürrwald, Ralf; Jancoriene, Ligita; Machado, Ausenda; Petrović, Goranka; Lazar, Mihaela; Součková, Lenka; Bacci, Sabrina; Howard, Jennifer; Verdasca, Nuno; Basile, Luca; Castilla, Jesús; Ternest, Silke; Džiugytė, Aušra; Túri, Gergő; Duffy, Roisin; Hackmann, Carolin; Kuliese, Monika; Gomez, Verónica; Makarić, Zvjezdana Lovrić; Marin, Alexandru; Husa, Petr; Nicolay, Nathalie; Rose, Angela M. C.; VEBIS SARI VE network teamWe estimated the effectiveness of the adapted monovalent XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalisation during the BA.2.86/JN.1 lineage-predominant period using a multicentre test-negative case-control study in Europe. We included older adults (≥ 65 years) hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection from November 2023 to May 2024. Vaccine effectiveness was 46% at 14-59 days and 34% at 60-119 days, with no effect thereafter. The XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines conferred protection against BA.2.86 lineage hospitalisation in the first 4 months post-vaccination.
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness in Europe and the birth cohort effect against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: VEBIS primary care multicentre study, 2023/24Publication . Kissling, Esther; Maurel, Marine; Pozo, Francisco; Pérez-Gimeno, Gloria; Buda, Silke; Sève, Noémie; Domegan, Lisa; Hooiveld, Mariëtte; Oroszi, Beatrix; Martínez-Baz, Iván; Guiomar, Raquel; Latorre-Margalef, Neus; Mlinarić, Ivan; Lazar, Mihaela; Giménez Duran, Jaume; Dürrwald, Ralf; Enouf, Vincent; McKenna, Adele; de Lange, Marit; Túri, Gergő; Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino; GOMEZ TEIXEIRA PINTO, VERÓNICA DEL PILAR; Samuelsson Hagey, Tove; Višekruna Vučina, Vesna; Cherciu, Maria Carmen; García Vazquez, Miriam; Erdwiens, Annika; Masse, Shirley; Bennett, Charlene; Meijer, Adam; Kristóf, Katalin; Castilla, Jesús; Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Kurečić Filipović, Sanja; Ivanciuc, Alina Elena; Bacci, Sabrina; Kaczmarek, MarlenaIntroduction: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses circulated in Europe in 2023/24, with A(H1N1)pdm09 dominance. First influenza infections in childhood may lead to different vaccine effectiveness (VE) in subsequent years. Aim: The VEBIS primary care network estimated influenza VE in Europe using a multicentre test-negative study. Methods: Primary care practitioners collected information and specimens from patients consulting with acute respiratory infection. We estimated VE against influenza (sub)type and clade, by age group and by year of age for A(H1N1)pdm09, using logistic regression. Results: We included 29,958 patients, with 3,054, 1,053 and 311 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B cases, respectively. All-age VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 52% (95% CI: 44-59). By year of age, VE was 27% (95% CI: -2 to 47) at 44 years with peaks at 72% (95% CI: 52-84) and 54% (95% CI: 41-64) among children and those 65 years and older, respectively. All-age A(H1N1)pdm09 VE against clade 5a.2a was 41% (95% CI: 24-54) and -11% (95% CI: -69 to 26) against clade 5a.2a.1. The A(H3N2) VE was 35% (95% CI: 20-48) among all ages and ranged between 34% and 40% by age group. All-age VE against clade 2a.3a.1 was 38% (95% CI: 1-62). All-age VE against B/Victoria was 83% (95% CI: 65-94), ranging between 70 and 92% by age group. Discussion: The 2023/24 VEBIS primary care VE against medically attended symptomatic influenza infection was high against influenza B/Victoria, but lower against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2). Clade- and age-specific effects may have played a role in the lower A(H1N1)pdm09 VE.
- Interim 2024/25 influenza vaccine effectiveness: eight European studies, September 2024 to January 2025Publication . Rose, Angela; Lucaccioni, Héloïse; Marsh, Kimberly; Kirsebom, Freja; Whitaker, Heather; Emborg, Hanne-Dorthe; Botnen, Amanda Bolt; O’Doherty, Mark G.; Pozo, Francisco; Shahul Hameed, Safraj; Andrews, Nick; Hamilton, Mark; Lauenborg Møller, Karina; Trebbien, Ramona; Marques, Diogo F.P.; European IVE groupThe 2024/25 influenza season in Europe is currently characterised by the co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses, with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 predominating. Interim vaccine effectiveness estimates from eight European studies conducted in 17 countries indicate an overall influenza A vaccine effectiveness of 32–53% in primary care settings and 33–56% in hospital settings, with some indications of lower effectiveness by subtype and higher effectiveness against influenza B (≥58% across settings). Where feasible, influenza vaccination should be encouraged and other preventive measures strengthened.
- Nutrition remains a top priority in Ukraine despite the ongoing war: the fight against trans fatsPublication . Gonzales, Gerard Bryan; Fino Alberto da Motta, Carla Alexandra; Farrand, Clare; Habicht, Jarno; Kuriata, Olena; Phyo, Pyi Pyi; Skipalskyi, Andrii; Wickramasinghe, KremlinDespite the ongoing war, nutrition remains a top priority in Ukraine. In collaboration with the WHO, Ukraine remains steadfast in its mission to eliminate trans fats in the food supply as a measure to reduce non-communicable diseases in the country. Ukraine has passed legislation on the monitoring and regulation of trans fats in foods, and WHO has been supporting the country in building laboratory capacity to achieve this goal.
- Vaccine effectiveness against influenza A in older adults and the effect of chronic conditions: results from the I-MOVE and VEBIS multicentre European hospital case-control studies, 2015/16-2023/24Publication . Rose, Angela Mary Catherine; Nicolay, Nathalie; Mazagatos, Clara; Martínez-Baz, Iván; Launay, Odile; De Mot, Laurane; Bella, Antonino; Lazar, Mihaela; Machado, Ausenda; Kuliešė, Monika; Abela, Stephen; Vučina, Vesna Višekruna; van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Rianne; Bino, Silvia; Dürrwald, Ralf; Paradowska-Stankiewicz, Iwona; Horváth, Judit Krisztina; Duffy, Róisín; Husa, Petr; McMenamin, Jim; Pozo, Francisco; Howard, Jennifer; Latorre-Millán, Miriam; Castilla, Jesús; Nguyen, Liem Binh Luong; Dauby, Nicolas; Riccardo, Flavia; Ivanciuc, Alina; Gomez, Verónica; Jančorienė, Ligita; Xuereb, Gerd; Petrović, Goranka; Marbus, Sierk; Vasili, Adela; Tolksdorf, Kristin; Bogusz, Joanna; Oroszi, Beatrix; Domegan, Lisa; Součková, Lenka; Marsh, Kimberley; Bacci, Sabrina; Kissling, Esther; I-MOVE & VEBIS Hospital Network teamsBackground: The Influenza - Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe (I-MOVE/I-MOVE+) and Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies (VEBIS) hospital networks have conducted seasonal multicentre, test-negative, case-control studies in Europe to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) since 2015/16. We measured the effect of chronic conditions on VE of influenza A subtypes among older adults (≥ 65 years) using pooled-season data (2015/16-2023/24). Methods: Hospital teams swabbed patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) within 7 days of symptom onset. Cases were RT-PCR positive for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 or A(H3N2); controls negative for any influenza virus. We calculated overall pooled-season IVE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2), adjusted for study site, sex, age and onset date; and stratified by number of and by each chronic condition (diabetes, heart disease, lung disease/asthma, immunosuppression, kidney disease, liver disease, cancer, obesity). We investigated interaction between vaccination and each condition. Results: We included 1805 A(H1N1)pdm09 cases with 16,329 controls; 2590 A(H3N2) cases with 14,920 controls, from 13 study sites (12 countries). Over all seasons, 63-67% cases and 70% controls had ≥ 2 chronic conditions. Against A(H1N1)pdm09, pooled-season IVE was 37% (95%CI: 29-44) overall; 49% (95%CI: 9-72), 30% (95%CI: 12-44) and 38% (95%CI: 29-46) in those with 0, 1, ≥ 2 chronic conditions. Most IVE point estimates were 34-45%, apart from immunosuppression (-7%), kidney disease (17%) and liver disease (54%), but 95% CIs overlapped. Significant interaction was observed for kidney disease (p = 0.02) and immunosuppression (p = 0.01). Against A(H3N2), pooled-season IVE was 17% (95%CI: 8-25) overall; 15% (95%CI: -26-42), 11% (95%CI: -8-27) and 18% (95%CI: 7-28) in those with 0, 1, ≥ 2 chronic conditions. Here, IVE point estimates ranged 13-25%, apart from immunosuppression (5%), kidney disease (6%) and liver disease (31%), although 95% CIs overlapped. There were no significant interactions. Conclusions: Pooled-season results suggest low-moderate VE against influenza A subtypes among older SARI patients; higher against A(H1N1)pdm09 than A(H3N2), with little evidence of chronic condition modifying effect, apart from kidney disease and immunosuppression. We stress the importance of developing improved influenza vaccines for specific populations, and encourage further research into the effect of chronic conditions on IVE in older adults.