Browsing by Author "van Sighem, Ard"
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- Estimating HIV incidence and number of undiagnosed individuals living with HIV in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2015Publication . Pharris, Anastasia; Quinten, Chantal; Noori, Teymur; Amato-Gauci, Andrew J; van Sighem, Ard; ECDC HIV/AIDS Surveillance and Dublin Declaration Monitoring Networks, (Helena Cortes Martins)Since 2011, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence appears unchanged in the European Union/European Economic Area with between 29,000 and 33,000 new cases reported annually up to 2015. Despite evidence that HIV diagnosis is occurring earlier post-infection, the estimated number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who were unaware of being infected in 2015 was 122,000, or 15% of all PLHIV (n=810,000). This is concerning as such individuals cannot benefit from highly effective treatment and may unknowingly sustain transmission.
- Reduction in undiagnosed HIV infection in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2012 to 2016Publication . van Sighem, Ard; Pharris, Anastasia; Quinten, Chantal; Noori, Teymur; Amato-Gauci, Andrew J; ECDC HIV/AIDS Surveillance And Dublin Declaration Monitoring NetworksIt is well-documented that early HIV diagnosis and linkage to care reduces morbidity and mortality as well as HIV transmission. We estimated the median time from HIV infection to diagnosis in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) at 2.9 years in 2016, with regional variation. Despite evidence of a decline in the number of people living with undiagnosed HIV in the EU/EEA, many remain undiagnosed, including 33% with more advanced HIV infection (CD4 < 350 cells/mm3).
- Trends in human immunodeficiency virus diagnoses among men who have sex with men in North America, Western Europe, and Australia, 2000-2014Publication . Chapin-Bardales, Johanna; Schmidt, Axel J.; Guy, Rebecca J.; Kaldor, John M.; McGregor, Skye; Sasse, André; Archibald, Chris; Rank, Claudia; Casabona Barbarà, Jordi; Folch, Cinta; Vives, Núria; Cowan, Susan A.; Cazein, Françoise; Velter, Annie; an der Heiden, Matthias; Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara; Marcus, Ulrich; Op de Coul, Eline L.M.; van Sighem, Ard; Aldir, Isabel; Cortes Martins, Helena; Berglund, Torsten; Velicko, Inga; Gebhardt, Martin; Delpech, Valerie; Hughes, Gwenda; Nardone, Anthony; Hall, H. Irene; Johnson, Anna S.; Sullivan, Patrick S.Purpose: The aim of the article was to investigate recent trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income countries in North America, Western Europe, and Australia. Methods: Data on annual rates of HIV diagnoses among MSM aged 15 to 65 years from 2000 to 2014 were collected from 13 high-income countries. Joinpoint regression software was used to empirically determine country-specific trend periods. Trends in HIV diagnosis rates and in the proportion of diagnoses occurring in young MSM aged 15 to 24 years were analyzed using Poisson regression and log-binomial regression, respectively. Results: Six countries experienced an increasing trend from 2000 to 2007-08 followed by either a stable or declining trend through 2014. Five countries had recently increasing trends, and two countries had one stable trend from 2000 to 2014. All 13 countries experienced increases in the proportion of diagnoses occurring in young MSM. Conclusions: Since 2008, half of the 13 high-income countries examined experienced stable or decreasing trends. Still, some countries continue to experience increasing HIV trends, and young MSM are increasingly represented among new diagnoses. Efforts to support early sexual health promotion, reduce barriers to pre-exposure prophylaxis, and improve care engagement for young MSM are critical to addressing current HIV trends.