Browsing by Author "Lacerda, Catarina"
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- Descriptive analyse of a case control study in Portugal: identify to preventPublication . Braz, Paula; Machado, Ausenda; Santos, Joana; Lacerda, Catarina; Didellet, Cistina; Dias, Carlos Matias; Barreiro Hospital Working GroupBackground: Prenatal exposure to environmental risk factors are one of the known causes of congenital anomalies (CA). In 2015, a cluster of anorectal anomalies, a rare malformation, in Setúbal district raised interest in researchers. The aim of study was to assess the impact of prenatal exposure of the mothers on the occurrence of CA in the offspring. Methods: A Case-control study (1:2) was implemented between 2016-2019. Newborns with CA (cases) and newborns without CA (controls) are identified and recruited. Parents were personally interviewed by a health professional using a standardized questionnaire. A descriptive analyses was performed and cases and controls were described based on maternal residence during pregnancy. Chi-square test was used to compare cases and controls. Results: 97 cases and 194 controls were identified. There was a male predominance in the case group (60 vs. 34) and no difference in gestational age between case and control groups. The mean birth weight was similar (3115g in cases vs. 3221g in controls). There was no difference related to mean mother's age nor the presence of maternal chronic disease. Smoking had more expression in the case group (21,2% vs. 16,3%). Moita (37,8%) is the municipality with higher frequency of cases. Musculoskeletal anomalies were the most frequent (35.4%), followed by genital (22.2%) and other anomalies (11%). During the study period, five cases with anorectal anomalies were reported, 4 of them born at 2016 and in 3 the mothers residence place was Moita. Conclusions: In this study, the high proportion of cases from Moita suggests a possible environmental exposure to a teratogenic agent. Also smoking during pregnancy could be a high risk to anorectal anomalies, as suggested in other studies. More investment in public health measures could protect population from harmful environments.
- Is there a relation between environmental exposure during pregnancy and congenital anomalies in newborn? Preliminary results from a case-control studyPublication . Marques, Inês; Prelhaz, Carolina; Lacerda, Catarina; Santos, Joana; Machado, Ausenda; Braz, Paula; Batista, NilzeBACKGROUND: Maternal exposure to environmental factors has been associated to the birth of a child with specific congenital anomalies (CA). The aiming of this study is to investigate the association between occupational exposure, maternal place of residence, workplace and leisure activities during pregnancy and CA METHODS: In 2016, an observational, case control study was developed and is still in progress. Cases are live births, identified in the maternity unit, with at least one CA and controls are the two births without anomaly following each case. Residents outside the study area, stillbirths and women who decline to participate or are incapable to give consent are excluded RESULTS: Were recruited to the study 116 live births (38 cases and 78 controls). The majority of cases reported living (68.4%) and spend leisure time (63.2%) in the industrial area. 57.7 of controls lives and 46.9% spend leisure time in same area. However no statistical differences were detected between them (p=0.195 for residency and p=0.175 for place of leisure). Cases work more frequently in Lisbon (21%) and residence area (15.8%) compared to controls (17.3% and 15.4% respectively) (p=0.057). A total of 44 CA were detected and the most frequently reported groups was the musculoskeletal system (34.1%) followed by CA of the ear and genital group (15.9% and 15.9 respectively). CONCLUSION: Due to the small sample size, no statistically significant difference was found between cases and controls. Reason why it is necessary to continue the study and obtain the collaboration of other hospitals in the same area.
- Relação entre a exposição ambiental a substâncias teratogénicas durante a gravidez e anomalias congénitas no recém-nascido: um estudo piloto em PortugalPublication . Prelhaz, Carolina; Marques, Inês; Lacerda, Catarina; Braz, Paula; Machado, Ausenda; Batista, NilzeIntrodução e objetivos: Na gravidez, a exposição a factores ambientais teratogénicos pode ser nociva no desenvolvimento fetal. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a exequibilidade de um estudo sobre exposição residencial e laboral da grávida a substâncias ambientais teratogénicas e o desenvolvimento de anomalias congénitas (AC), apresentando-se dados do estudo-piloto. Metodologia: Estudo epidemiológico observacional, do tipo caso-controlo, decorrido no CHBM em 2016. Exposição ambiental caracterizada (1) pela profissão materna e potencial contato profissional com substâncias teratogénicas e (2) localização geográfica da residência, emprego e zonas de lazer durante a gestação. Dados recolhidos em entrevista com questionário adaptado do formulário de notificação do RENAC. A análise descritiva avaliou a qualidade dos dados e % de valores omissos. Resultados: Amostra constituida por 78 notificações (26 casos, 52 controlos). A maioria dos casos residia na Moita (46%), e a maioria dos controlos no Barreiro (35%), seguindo-se o Montijo. A maioria tanto dos casos como dos controlos trabalhava em Lisboa, seguindo-se Barreiro, Moita e Montijo. Nos casos, o local preferencial de lazer foi a Moita (34,6%) e nos controlos o Barreiro (30%). As anomalias do sistema musculo-esquelético foram as mais reportadas (38,5%). Na avaliação da exequibilidade do estudo, a apreciação da equipa no campo mostrou adequação dos documentos de apoio e tempo de aplicação do questionário. A implementação do estudo foi considerada “fácil”, com taxa de participação 99%. A maior percentagem de valores omissos verificou-se nos controlos. Conclusões: Apesar destes resultados não terem ainda dimensão suficiente para extrapolar relações, este estudo demonstrou a exequibilidade do projeto e da sua continuação.