Browsing by Author "Karakaya, Sibel"
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- INFOGEST static in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestionPublication . Brodkorb, André; Egger, Lotti; Alminger, Marie; Alvito, Paula; Assunção, Ricardo; Ballance, Simon; Bohn, Torsten; Bourlieu-Lacanal, Claire; Boutrou, Rachel; Carrière, Frédéric; Clemente, Alfonso; Corredig, Milena; Dupont, Didier; Dufour, Claire; Edwards, Cathrina; Golding, Matt; Karakaya, Sibel; Kirkhus, Bente; Le Feunteun, Steven; Lesmes, Uri; Macierzanka, Adam; Mackie, Alan R.; Martins, Carla; Marze, Sébastien; McClements, David Julian; Ménard, Olivia; Minekus, Mans; Portmann, Reto; Santos, Cláudia N.; Souchon, Isabelle; Singh, R. Paul; Vegarud, Gerd E.; Wickham, Martin S.J.; Weitschies, Werner; Recio, IsidraDeveloping a mechanistic understanding of the impact of food structure and composition on human health has increasingly involved simulating digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. These simulations have used a wide range of different conditions that often have very little physiological relevance, and this impedes the meaningful comparison of results. The standardized protocol presented here is based on an international consensus developed by the COST INFOGEST network. The method is designed to be used with standard laboratory equipment and requires limited experience to encourage a wide range of researchers to adopt it. It is a static digestion method that uses constant ratios of meal to digestive fluids and a constant pH for each step of digestion. This makes the method simple to use but not suitable for simulating digestion kinetics. Using this method, food samples are subjected to sequential oral, gastric and intestinal digestion while parameters such as electrolytes, enzymes, bile, dilution, pH and time of digestion are based on available physiological data. This amended and improved digestion method (INFOGEST 2.0) avoids challenges associated with the original method, such as the inclusion of the oral phase and the use of gastric lipase. The method can be used to assess the endpoints resulting from digestion of foods by analyzing the digestion products (e.g., peptides/amino acids, fatty acids, simple sugars) and evaluating the release of micronutrients from the food matrix. The whole protocol can be completed in ~7 d, including ~5 d required for the determination of enzyme activities.
- A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gapsPublication . Humblot, Christèle; Alvanoudi, Panagiota; Alves, Emilia; Assunção, Ricardo; Belovic, Miona; Bulmus-Tuccar, Tugce; Chassard, Christophe; Derrien, Muriel; Fevzi Karagöz, Mustafa; Karakaya, Sibel; Laranjo, Marta; Th Mantzouridou, Fani; Rosado, Catarina; Pracer, Smilja; Saar, Helen; Tap, Julien; Treven, Primož; Vergères, Guy; Pertziger, Eugenia; Savary-Auzeloux, IsabelleBackground: Diets and specific foods have a significant impact on health, and individual responses to nutritional factors vary. This variability among humans can be considered a basis for developing personalized or precision nutrition. Fermented foods (FF) contain a wide range of macro- and micronutrients, bioactive compounds, and live or dead microorganisms. FF represent a diverse range of products and have garnered significant interest due to their potential health benefits. However, consistent evidence remains limited, possibly due to heterogeneity in individual responses. Objectives: The objective of this review is to assess and compile existing evidence on the variable responses of populations to FF and to determine whether FF could be integrated into a precision nutrition strategy. Design: Interventional and observational human studies were systematically collected. The publication identified the main factors likely to contribute to variable responses to FF across all health outcomes. The question was systematically addressed to assess the available evidence and identify knowledge gaps, guiding future research. A pragmatic approach was employed, following EFSA health claim guidelines, which require an assessment of food characteristics and mechanisms of action, as well as conducting a systematic search of human interventional studies. A similar approach was used to analyze data extracted from observational studies. The population included all humans (healthy and non-healthy, of all ages), encompassing both observational and interventional studies. The intervention consisted of the ingestion of any FF, while the control was defined as the absence or lower consumption of FF or consumption of a corresponding non-FF. Outcomes included all markers of the population's health status. Results: The main factors contributing to variable responses to FF across all health outcomes were related to initial phenotypic characteristics (biological sex, geographical origin, hormonal status, and age), baseline health status [metabolic syndrome [MetS], chronic metabolic pathologies, cancer, and psychological disorders], and genetic background. Additionally, since the gut microbiota is person-specific and influences metabolic responses, particular attention was paid to its functions and role in the variability of population responses to FF. Conclusion: Collectively, this review represents a first step toward evaluating the feasibility of using FF in tailored nutritional strategies.
- The harmonized INFOGEST in vitro digestion method: From knowledge to actionPublication . Egger, Lotti; Menard, Olivia; Delgado-Andrade, Cristina; Alvito, Paula; Assunção, Ricardo; Balance, Simon; Barberá, Reyes; Brodkorb, Andre; Cattenozh, Thomas; Clemente, Alfonso; Comi, Irene; Dupont, Didier; Garcia-Llatas, Guadalupe; Lagarda, María Jesús; Le Feunteun, Steven; JanssenDuijghuijsen, Lonneke; Karakaya, Sibel; Lesmes, Uri; Mackie, Alan R.; Martins, Carla; Meynier, Anne; Miralles, Beatriz; Murray, Brent S.; Pihlanto, Anne; Picariello, Gianluca; Santos, Claudia N.; Simsekm, Sebnem; Recio, Isidra; Rigby, Neil; Rioux, Laurie-Eve; Stoffers, Helena; Tavares, Ana; Tavares, Lucelia; Turgeon, Sylvie; Ulleberg, Ellen K.; Vegarud, Gerd E.; Vergères, Guy; Portmann, RetoWithin the active field of in vitro digestion in food research, the COST Action INFOGEST aimed to harmonize in vitro protocols simulating human digestion on the basis of physiologically inferred conditions. A harmonized static in vitro digestion (IVD) method was recently published as a primary output from this network. To validate this protocol, inter-laboratory trials were conducted within the INFOGEST network. A first study was performed using skimmilk powder (SMP) as amodel food and served to compare the different in-house digestion protocols used among the INFOGEST members. In a second inter-laboratory study applying the harmonized protocol, the degree of consistency in protein hydrolysis was investigated. Analysis of the hydrolyzed proteins, after the gastric and intestinal phases, showed that caseins were mainly hydrolyzed during the gastric phase, whereas β- lactoglobulin was, as previously shown, resistant to pepsin. Moreover, generation of free amino acids occurred mainly during the intestinal phase. The study also showed that a few critical steps were responsible for the remaining inter-laboratory variability. The largest deviations arose from the determination of pepsin activity. Therefore, this step was further clarified, harmonized, and implemented in a third inter-laboratory study. The presentwork gives an overviewof all three inter-laboratory studies, showing that the IVD INFOGEST method has led to an increased consistency that enables a better comparability of in vitro digestion studies in the future.