Browsing by Author "Fedosova, K."
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- Carotenoids of Traditional Foods from Black Sea Area Countries and their relation with Immune ResponsePublication . Sanches-Silva, A.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Finglas, P.; D'Antuono, F.; Trichopoulou, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Dubtsov, G.; Fedosova, K.; Hayran, O.; Kilasonia, Z.; Costa, H.S.Carotenoids are colourful compounds which provide photoprotection of plants and participate in their photosynthesis. Particularly β-carotene may enhance the human immune response. Some epidemiological studies have suggested an association between carotenoids intake and reduced incidence of some forms of cancer, which might be related with the antioxidant properties of carotenoids, namely by their ability of reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) damages in cell membranes. Moreover, carotenoids may also influence the activity of redox-sensitive transcription factors and the production of cytokines and prostaglandins. Carotenoids were extracted from Black Sea Area Countries (BSAC) traditional foods with a mixture of hexane/ethanol, 4:3 (v/v). In all samples, a procedure with and without saponification step was applied. Separation and quantification was performed by Ultra High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC). Chromatographic separation was performed with a UPLC® BEH guard-column (2.1 x 5 mm, 1.7 µm particle size) and a UPLC® BEH analytical column (2.1 x 50 mm, 1.7 µm particle size). Mobile phases were (A) ultrapure water; (B) acetonitrile/methanol (containing ammonium acetate)/dichloromethane (75:20:5, v/v/v). The flow-rate was 0.5 mL/min. From the 28 analysed traditional foods for carotenoids content, α-carotene was quantified in 7. The highest level was found for rodopian dried beans, followed by vegetable okroshka. β-carotene was quantified in 53.4% of the analysed traditional foods from BSAC. The sample with highest β-carotene content was plums jam followed by kale soup and nettles sour soup. Once more, as it was expected, the group that most contributes for β-carotene intake is the vegetable and vegetables based foods followed by fruit or fruit based foods. Wild plum sauce was the sample that presented the highest β-cryptoxanthin content (63.8 µg/100 g of edible portion). Lycopene was quantified in about 43% of the analysed traditional foods from BSAC. The foods with highest lycopene content were watermelon juice, Ukrainian borsch and sautéed pickled green beans. The analysed traditional foods from BSAC can be considered good sources of bioactive compounds, although it was found a great variability on the content of carotenoids. Due to the putative health benefits of these compounds, the consumption of those with higher content of bioactive compounds should be encouraged and promoted.
- Comparison of proximate data among traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries per food groupPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Finglas, P.; Trichopoulou, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Jorjadze, M.; Karpenko, D.; Koçaoglu, B.; D’Antuono, L.F.; Costa, H.S.Introduction. Traditional foods from 6 Black Sea Area Countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine) were prioritized within the frame of the European Project BaSeFood (Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Components Black Sea Area traditional foods). The selected traditional foods were categorized into 6 food groups: 1) Cereal or cereal based foods; 2) Fruit or fruit based foods; 3) Vegetable or vegetable based foods; 4) Oilseeds or oilseed products; 5) Herbs, spices and aromatic plants; and 6) Low or non-alcoholic fermented products. One of the aims within BaSeFood project was to produce an overview of the nutritional value of each traditional food and compare it among the categorized food groups. Material and methods. The 33 selected traditional foods were prepared according to a recorded traditional recipe, ingredients and traditional preparation methods. The following components were determined: moisture, ash, total nitrogen (for protein), total fat, individual fatty acids, starch, total sugars and dietary fibre for each food. Results. Our results show that vegetables and vegetable based foods; herbs, spices and aromatic plants; and low or non-alcoholic fermented foods and beverages of plant origin were the food groups with the lower energy content mainly due to its high water content (>60.0 g/100 g). Oilseeds or oilseed products were the group that presented the highest mean content of ash (2.23 g/100 g), total protein (15.9 g/100 g) and total fat (72.0 g/100 g). Sour rye bread, which belongs to the cereals and cereal based foods group, contained the highest starch content (66.3 0.55 g/100 g). The highest total sugars content (85.3 0.30 g/100 g) was found in rose jam, a food from the fruit or fruit based foods group. All results are given per 100 g of edible portion. Conclusions. The proximate composition of the selected traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries is important in order to elucidate their role in the dietary pattern of populations and will be useful to include new nutritional data in national food composition databases.
- Fatty acids composition and total fat content in traditional foods from Black Sea Area countriesPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Finglas, P.; D'Antuono, L.F.; Trichopoulou, A.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Karpenko, D.; Kilasonia, Z.; Koçaoglu, B.; Costa, H.S.Objectives: This work was performed within the collaborative research program Sustainable exploitation of bioactive components from the Black Sea Area traditional foods (BaSeFood), funded by the European Commission. The overall objective of this study was to determine the total fat content and fatty acids (FA) composition among 33 traditional foods from six Black Sea Area countries (BSAC). Method: Total fat analysis was performed by an acid hydrolysis method with Soxhlet extraction (AOAC 948.15, 2000). Preparation of FA methyl esters was carried out by a combined method of methylation and transesterification. For FA determination chromatographic analysis was performed using a gas chromatograph with mass detector. FA methyl esters were separated in an Agilent HP-88 column (100 m x 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 µm). Helium was the carrier gas. Split ratio of 50:1 and an injection volume of 1.0 µL were used. FA methyl esters were identified by comparing the retention times of the standards with those of the samples. Results: Total fat content ranged between 0.138 ± 0.0 g/100 g for Uzvar (Ukraine) and 99.9 ± 0.0 g/100 g for flax oil and mustard oil. From the 33 analysed traditional foods, 27.3% had fat contents below the limit of quantification (< 0.1 g/100 g). The highest content for saturated and polyunsaturated FA was found for flax oil (15.3 ± 0.6 g/100 g and 58.5 ± 0.5 g/100 g, respectively). Mustard oil showed the highest value for monounsaturated FA (55.1 ± 0.7 g/100 g), although it also has a high polyunsaturated FA content (38.0 ± 0.6 g/100 g of edible portion). Conclusions: In general, there was a great variability of results with respect to the FA profile of the analyzed traditional foods from BSAC, since there is a wide range of traditional foods from different countries and cultures. Some traditional foods from BSAC are a good source of unsaturated FA which are related to several health benefits. Acknowledgements: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n.º 227118.
- Lipid profile of traditional foods from Black Sea Area countriesPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Finglas, P.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; Alexieva, I.; Fedosova, K.; Kilasonia, Z.; Koçaoglu, B.; Koval, N.V.; Krechetnikova, A.; Pamfilie, R.; D’Antuono, F.; Costa, H.S.Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito do Projecto "Exploração sustentável de componentes bioactivos de alimentos tradicionais da Região do Mar Negro - BaSeFood". Na maioria destes países, há falta de informação sobre a composição nutricional dos alimentos tradicionais, portanto, a investigação nutricional nestes alimentos é de grande importância. Os fitoesteróis (FE) são compostos bioactivos em muitos alimentos, especialmente nos de origem vegetal. Os FE são conhecidos por terem várias propriedades bioactivas com diversas implicações na saúde. Além disso, também o estudo da composição em ácidos gordos (AG) é de extrema importância porque pode ser associada a efeitos para a saúde, quer negativos quer benéficos, dependendo do tipo de AG. O objectivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a gordura total, FE e o perfil de AG em 33 alimentos tradicionais. A análise da gordura total foi realizada por meio de uma hidrólise ácida com extração de Soxhlet (AOAC 948.15, 2000, método acreditado segundo a norma ISO/IEC 17025). A preparação de ésteres metílicos de AG foi realizada por um método combinado de metilação e transesterificação. Para a análise cromatográfica foi utilizado com um GC-FID e um GC-MS. Uma coluna capilar de sílica fundida HP-88 (100 m x 0,25 mm Ø, 0,25 µm) foi usada para determinar AG e uma coluna DB-5 MS (30 m x 0,25 mm Ø, 0,25 µm) foi utilizada para análise de FE. As amostras foram analisadas em triplicado. Os resultados deste estudo em relação ao perfil de AG, demonstram que os alimentos tradicionais da Região do Mar Negro analisados são uma boa fonte de AG poliinsaturados para a dieta, especialmente ácido γ-linolénico n-6 e α-linolénico FA n-3, que estão relacionados com diversos benefícios para a saúde.
- New nutritional data on selected traditional foods from Black Sea area countriesPublication . Costa, H.S.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; D’Antuono, F.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Fedosova, K.; Karpenko, D.; Kilasonia, Z.; Koçaoglu, B.; Stroia, A.L.; Finglas, P.Traditional foods are the key elements that differentiate the dietary patterns of each country. In most countries, there is limited information on the nutritional composition of such foods, therefore, there is a need to investigate, register and promote traditional foods. These foods are also a valuable contribution to the development and economic sustainability of rural areas and preservation of biodiversity. One of the aims within BaSeFood project is to provide new data on the nutritional composition of traditional foods of plant origin from six Black Sea area countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine) to promote their sustainable development and exploitation. Thirty-three traditional foods were selected per food group and country taking into account namely food biodiversity and food composition data. Chemical analyses to determine the nutritional composition of the selected traditional foods were performed and the data were fully documented and evaluated according to EuroFIR guidelines and standardised procedures. To assure the quality of analytical results accredited laboratories or laboratories with successful participation in proficiency testing schemes were chosen. Information on food description, recipe, ingredients, sampling plan, sample handling, component identification, method specification, value and quality assessment was collected for each of the traditional foods for inclusion in the available national food composition databases. The use of a common methodology for the study of traditional foods will enable countries to further investigate their traditional foods and to continue to update their national food composition databases. Moreover, knowledge base of traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries will contribute to promote local biodiversity and sustainable diets, by maintaining healthy dietary patterns within local cultures.
- Nutritional composition of traditional foods from Black Sea Area countriesPublication . Costa, H.S.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; Alexieva, I.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Hayran, O.; Kilasonia, Z.; Kolesnov, A.; Koval, N.V.; D’Antuono, F.; Finglas, P.A exploração sustentável de compostos bioactivos de alimentos tradicionais da Região do Mar Negro (BaSeFood) é um projecto de 3 anos, financiado pelo 7º Programa-Quadro. Este projecto consiste num consórcio de investigação contituído por 13 parceiros, designadamente Itália (dois), Reino Unido, Grécia, Portugal, Sérvia e seis países da Região do Mar Negro: Rússia, Ucrânia (dois), Roménia, Bulgária, Turquia e Geórgia. Os alimentos tradicionais são elementos característicos e únicos que diferenciam os padrões alimentares de cada país. Na maioria dos países, a informação sobre a composição nutricional de tais alimentos é ainda limitada, portanto, é necessário investigar, registar e promover os alimentos tradicionais. Um dos objectivos no âmbito do projecto BaSeFood é fornecer novos dados sobre a composição nutricional de alimentos tradicionais da Região do Mar Negro de origem vegetal para promover a sua exploração e o seu desenvolvimento sustentável. Trinta e três alimentos tradicionais foram prioritizados e a sua composição nutricional foi determinada. Os seguintes parâmetros foram determinados: humidade, cinza, azoto total (para o teor de proteína), gordura total, ácidos gordos individuais, colesterol, amido, açúcares totais, fibra alimentar, vitaminas (A, E, C e B2), folatos, minerais e oligoelementos (sódio, ferro, zinco e selénio). Verificou-se que existe uma grande variabilidade na composição nutricional dos alimentos do grupo dos frutos e vegetais analisados neste estudo, destacando a vasta gama de ingredientes disponíveis na Região do Mar Negro, bem como a sua biodiversidade.
- Provitamin A activity in traditional foods from Black Sea Area countriesPublication . Sanches-Silva, A.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Finglas, P.; Trichopoulou, A.; D'Antuono, L.F.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Karpenko, D.; Kilasonia, Z.; Koçaoglu, B.; Costa, H.S.Introduction and objectives: Vitamin A is found in the form of retinol, retinal, retinoic acid or esters in animal sources, while in plant sources, it is in the form of provitamin A. Conjugated double bonds of carotenoids absorb light and are responsible for the brilliant colours of fruits and vegetables ranging from the yellow, orange to red. Moreover, they protect cells from oxidation and cellular damages, preventing of major chronic diseases. The aim of the present work was to determine the provitamin A activity in twenty eight traditional foods from six Black Sea Area countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine). Method: Chromatographic separation was performed with a UPLC® BEH guard-column (2.1 x 5 mm, 1.7 µm particle size) and a UPLC® BEH analytical column (2.1 x 50 mm, 1.7 µm particle size). The mobile phases were a gradient of ultrapure water and acetonitrile/methanol (containing 0.05 M ammonium acetate)/dichloromethane (75:20:5, v/v/v). The flow-rate was 0.5 mL/min and carotenoids were monitored at 450 nm. The concentration of each carotenoid was expressed as µg per 100 g of edible portion. Provitamin A activity was expressed as µg of retinol equivalents (RE) or retinol activity equivalents (RAE) per 100 g of edible portion. Results: One RE is equivalent to 1 µg retinol or 6 µg β-carotene or 12 µg of other provitamin A carotenes whileone RAE is equivalent to 1 µg retinol, 2 µg β-carotene dissolved in oil, 12 µg β-carotene or 24 µg of other provitamin A carotenoids. From the 28 traditional foods analysed, 12 did not present any RE or RAE. All the foods of the oilseeds or oilseed products did not present provitamin A activity. The traditional food with highest provitamin A activity was plums jam (Romania), followed by kale soup (Turkey) and nettle sour soup (Romania). Conclusions: Although a great variability was found in the carotenoids content, some of the analysed traditional foods can be considered excellent sources of provitamin A. Due to the putative health benefits of these compounds, the consumption of those with higher provitamin A activity should be promoted. Acknowledgements: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n.º 227118.
- Proximate composition of plant origin traditional foods from Black Sea Area CountriesPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Costa, H.S.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Fontes, T.; Mota, C.; Santos, M.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; D’Antuono, F.; Alexieva, I.; Fedosova, K.; Karpenko, D.; Kilasonia, Z.; Kocaoglu, B.; Koval, N.; Stroia, A.L.; Finglas, P.Within the frame of the European Project BaSeFood (Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Components Black Sea Area traditional foods), thirty-three traditional foods from six Black Sea Area Countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine) were selected and prepared according to the traditional recipe, ingredients and traditional preparation methods. The aim is to promote and preserve traditional foods and to produce new and reliable data of the overall nutritional composition. Water content is being determined by gravimetric method, using a dry air oven at 101 °C ± 2 °C for 2 h, until constant weight. Total fat is being performed with an acid hydrolysis method followed by extraction using a Soxhlet with petroleum ether, as the extraction solvent. The obtained residue is dried for 1 h 30 min at 101 °C ± 2 °C, until constant weight, according to the acid hydrolysis method. Total dietary fibre, ash and total protein content are being determined by the AOAC official methods 985.29, 945.46 and 991.20, respectively. Total nitrogen for protein content is being determined by the Kjeldahl method in combination with a copper catalyst using a block digestion system. To assure the quality of analytical results, methods used in the laboratory are accredited by ISO/IEC/17025 or successful participation in proficiency testing schemes. Herbs, spices, aromatic plants and fermented products are those which presented the highest water content. In contrast, products from oilseeds have the lowest water content (3.94 g/100 g) and the highest total fat (58.2 g/100 g), total protein (20.8 g/100 g), ash (3.25 g/100 g), total sugars (45.8 g/100 g) and total dietary fibre (11.3 g/100 g) contents. For cereals and cereals based foods, a great variability in the water content was found (5.99 to 75.8 g/100 g). All results are given per 100 g of edible portion. Traditional foods from the same group have generally similar proximate analysis pattern. In the products from oilseeds, the highest content in macronutrients was found, except for water content. The proximates composition will be useful to include new nutritional data into national food composition databases.
- Sustainability of traditional foods: recent achievements in Europe through EuroFIR and BaSeFood projectsPublication . Costa, H.S.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; D’Antuono, L.F.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Karpenko, D.; Kilasonia, Z.; Kocaoglu, B.; Finglas, P.Consumers’ interest and demand for traditional foods has increased as they are often perceived as higher quality products with specific sensory characteristics and potential health benefits. Unfortunately, some traditional foods are at risk of slowly disappearing due to altered lifestyles. Therefore, the documentation of traditional foods is essential for sustaining and preserving traditional foods, which are an important part of cultural heritage. One of the aims within the EuroFIR (European Food Information Resource) project was to generate new data on the nutritional composition of 55 traditional foods from 13 European countries. To achieve this, a EuroFIR consensus-based method with standardised procedures was applied for the systematic study of traditional foods and recipes. Traditional foods were selected based on the EuroFIR definition of the term “traditional food” and prioritised according to specific criteria: documentation of traditional character; composition data; consumption data; health implications and marketing potential. These approaches developed in EuroFIR have been further extended in the BaSeFood (Sustainable exploitation of bioactive components from the Black Sea Area traditional foods) project, which aims to deliver information on bioactive substances and related health claims in order to give opportunities to stakeholders to develop sustainable diets. A subset of 33 prioritised traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine) has been identified and the nutritional composition and key bioactive compounds have been determined. The data were fully documented and evaluated according to EuroFIR guidelines and standardised procedures for inclusion in the available national food composition databases. To assure the quality of analytical results accredited laboratories or laboratories with successful participation in proficiency testing schemes were chosen. The systematic investigation, documentation and registration of traditional foods are essential to preserve traditional foods, promote local biodiversity and sustainable diets.
- Traditional foods from Black Sea region as a potential source of mineralsPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Costa, H.S.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Santos, M.; Trichopoulou, A.; D'Antuono, L.F.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Karpenko, D.; Kilasonia, Z.; Koçaoglu, B.; Finglas, P.BACKGROUND: In the past few years, minerals have assumed great importance in public health. As a consequence, considerable research has been carried out to better understand their physiological role and the health consequences of mineral-deficient diets, to establish criteria for defining the degree of public health severity of malnutrition, and to develop prevention and control strategies. In most countries, there is limited information on the mineral content of traditional foods, and consequently it is very difficult to estimate mineral intake across these countries. RESULTS: Ten minerals were quantified in 33 traditional foods from Black Sea area countries. Our results indicate a considerable variability among the analysed traditional foods; nevertheless, the most abundant components were sodium (ranging from 40.0 to 619 mg 100 g−1, for kvass southern and herbal dish, respectively), potassium (varied between 45.5 mg 100 g−1 for millet ale and 938 mg 100 g−1 for roasted sunflower seeds), and phosphorus (22.2 mg 100 g−1 and 681 mg 100 g−1 for sauerkraut and roasted sunflower seeds, respectively). CONCLUSION: This is the first study that provides validated data on the mineral content for 33 traditional foods from Black Sea area countries, which is important in order to elucidate their role in the dietary pattern of populations and to preserve and promote these foods.