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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, as doenças crónicas associadas a hábitos
alimentares inadequados afetam mais de um terço da população europeia. A nível global
estima-se que 60% das mortes prematuras sejam provocadas por estas doenças. Neste
contexto, o arsénio é considerado um dos elementos químicos mais perigosos para a saúde,
sendo a ingestão de alimentos a principal fonte de exposição humana a este elemento.
O estudo incide na análise da concentração de arsénio nos ensaios em branco, sendo
estes um dos controlos da qualidade inerentes ao método de espectrometria de massa com
fonte de plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS). Para a validação dos resultados analíticos,
são utilizados dois brancos distintos: o branco instrumental e o branco de digestão. Enquanto o
primeiro permite avaliar a qualidade dos reagentes e o desempenho da análise; o segundo tem
por finalidade identificar possíveis contaminações provenientes dos processos analíticos
decorrentes do método.
A metodologia proposta neste estudo para o controlo da qualidade interno do
laboratório tem por base a aplicação de ferramentas do controlo estatístico de processos,
particularmente a implementação combinada de cartas de controlo (Short Run e cartas
especiais) com o estudo da capacidade do processo. Numa primeira abordagem pretende-se
estimar os parâmetros do processo e através destes calcular novos limites de quantificação
para o arsénio e compará-los aos limites estabelecidos atualmente. Posteriormente, este
estudo propõe a implementação de uma metodologia para a monitorização dos brancos.
As abordagens propostas apresentaram elevada adequabilidade ao método, permitindo
ao laboratório controlar a variabilidade nos resultados e retirar ilações sobre a consistência
estatística dos brancos e a performance do equipamento de dia para dia, possibilitando um
controlo mais minucioso e exigente.
According to the World Health Organization, chronic diseases associated with poor eating habits affects more than a third of the European population. Globally, it is estimated that 60% of premature deaths are caused by these diseases. In this context, arsenic is considered one of the most dangerous chemicals elements to health, being the food intake the primary source of human exposure to this element. The study focuses on the analysis of arsenic concentration in blank samples as one of the quality controls inherent to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Two different blanks are used for the validation of analytical results: the instrumental blank and the method blank. The first evaluates the quality of reagents and assay performance, whereas the second aims to identify possible contaminations from the analytical processes resulting from the method. The methodology proposed for the laboratory internal quality control is based on the application of statistical process control tools, particularly the combined implementation of control charts (Short Run and Special charts) with process capability analysis. The first approach consists in estimating the process parameters and calculating, through these, new limits of quantification of arsenic and comparing them with the limits currently established. Afterward, this study proposes the implementation of a methodology for the blank samples monitoring. The proposed approaches presented high suitability to the method, which enables the laboratory to control the variability in the results and infer about the statistical consistency of the blank samples and the equipment performance in a daily base, enabling a more precise and demanding control.
According to the World Health Organization, chronic diseases associated with poor eating habits affects more than a third of the European population. Globally, it is estimated that 60% of premature deaths are caused by these diseases. In this context, arsenic is considered one of the most dangerous chemicals elements to health, being the food intake the primary source of human exposure to this element. The study focuses on the analysis of arsenic concentration in blank samples as one of the quality controls inherent to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Two different blanks are used for the validation of analytical results: the instrumental blank and the method blank. The first evaluates the quality of reagents and assay performance, whereas the second aims to identify possible contaminations from the analytical processes resulting from the method. The methodology proposed for the laboratory internal quality control is based on the application of statistical process control tools, particularly the combined implementation of control charts (Short Run and Special charts) with process capability analysis. The first approach consists in estimating the process parameters and calculating, through these, new limits of quantification of arsenic and comparing them with the limits currently established. Afterward, this study proposes the implementation of a methodology for the blank samples monitoring. The proposed approaches presented high suitability to the method, which enables the laboratory to control the variability in the results and infer about the statistical consistency of the blank samples and the equipment performance in a daily base, enabling a more precise and demanding control.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2016
Isabel Castanheira, co-orientadora na instituição de acolhimento (INSA)
Isabel Castanheira, co-orientadora na instituição de acolhimento (INSA)
Keywords
Controlo Estatístico de Processos Controlo da Qualidade Interno Cartas de Controlo ICP-MS Ensaios em Branco Limite de Quantificação Segurança Alimentar Statistical Process Control Internal Quality Control Control Charts ICP-MS Blank Samples Limit of Quantification Segurança Alimentar
