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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Com a generalização da produção e incorporação de nanofibras em diversos
produtos para consumo humano, prevê-se o aumento considerável da
exposição humana a estes nanomateriais, particularmente em contexto ocupacional.
Isto intensifica a preocupação de que as propriedades singulares
das nanofibras possam conduzir a efeitos nefastos no organismo. De facto,
estudos anteriores sobre aerossóis ultrafinos, poluição atmosférica e fibras
minerais e nanofibras, têm demonstrado que algumas delas têm o potencial
de causarem efeitos adversos na saúde humana, nomeadamente ao nível de
desenvolvimento de doença respiratória. É o caso da exposição por via inalatória
aos nanotubos de carbono, em que vários estudos laboratoriais demonstraram
possível citotoxidade, genotoxidade e imunotoxidade, bem como
o desenvolvimento de inflamação pulmonar, fibrose intersticial com granulomas
e efeitos carcinogénicos em modelos animais. Por outro lado, outras nanofibras
aparentam a inexistência de efeitos tóxicos, como a nanocelulose,
provavelmente biocompatível e com características prometedoras para várias
aplicações em biomedicina. O conhecimento dos efeitos tóxicos das nanofibras
representa um contributo importante para a avaliação do efeito na saúde
decorrente da exposição ocupacional, por forma a permitir a gestão do risco
pelas autoridades regulamentares.
With the widespread production and application of nanofibers into various products, a considerable increase of human exposure to these nanomaterials is expected, particularly in the occupational setting and by inhalation. This intensifies the concern about the deleterious effects of nanofibers on biological systems. Previous studies on ultrafine aerosols, atmospheric pollution and manufactured mineral fibres and nanofibers have demonstrated that some can cause adverse effects on human health, namely, the development of respiratory disease. This potential was observed for carbon nanotubes, for which several in vitro studies have demonstrated possible cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immunotoxicity, with the development of pulmonary inflammation, interstitial fibrosis with granulomas, as well as carcinogenic effects in animal models. On the other hand, other nanofibers suggest the absence of toxic effects, such as nanocellulose, a promising biocompatible material for several applications in biomedicine. The knowledge of nanofibers toxic effects represents an important contribution to the health effects from exposure in occupational settings, in order to allow risk management by the regulatory authorities.
With the widespread production and application of nanofibers into various products, a considerable increase of human exposure to these nanomaterials is expected, particularly in the occupational setting and by inhalation. This intensifies the concern about the deleterious effects of nanofibers on biological systems. Previous studies on ultrafine aerosols, atmospheric pollution and manufactured mineral fibres and nanofibers have demonstrated that some can cause adverse effects on human health, namely, the development of respiratory disease. This potential was observed for carbon nanotubes, for which several in vitro studies have demonstrated possible cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immunotoxicity, with the development of pulmonary inflammation, interstitial fibrosis with granulomas, as well as carcinogenic effects in animal models. On the other hand, other nanofibers suggest the absence of toxic effects, such as nanocellulose, a promising biocompatible material for several applications in biomedicine. The knowledge of nanofibers toxic effects represents an important contribution to the health effects from exposure in occupational settings, in order to allow risk management by the regulatory authorities.
Description
Keywords
Nanofibras Exposição ocupacional Impacto na Saúde Saúde Ambiental e Ocupacional Avaliação do Risco Genotoxicidade Ambiental
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Boletim Epidemiológico Observações. 2017;5(Supl 9):51-55
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP
