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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
This document reviews the current policy and legislation instruments and tools in place for delivering public
health operations in the WHO European Region. It aims to underpin and complement the European Action Plan
for Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services (EAP). It provides initial findings on the wide spectrum
of legal and policy frameworks at regional and global levels discovered by mapping the available public health
instruments and tools across 10 essential public health operations (EPHOs). The main findings are that at the
global level legally binding instruments and tools are mainly concentrated in EPHO 3 (health protection) with
306 tools, EPHO 4 (health promotion) with 31 and EPHO 6 (governance) with 41. This corresponds to more
than 90% of the total number of public health tools. However, there were only 2 tools for EPHO 5 (disease
prevention), 3 for EPHO 7 (workforce) and 1 for EPHO 8 (organizational structures and financing). No legally
binding tools were found for EPHO 9 (communication) and EPHO 10 (research). For EPHO 1 (surveillance) and
EPHO 2 (response to health hazards and emergencies), there is a more balanced use of both legally and nonlegally
binding tools. More evidence is needed on the cost–effectiveness of such instruments and tools. In
addition, there is a need for greater advocacy, with a balance of regulation and persuasion, on what already
exists – such as “best buy” interventions for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and the WHO Framework
Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) – as well as a need to strengthen approaches to intersectoral
governance.
Description
Keywords
Financing Health Health Management and Planning Health Policy Public Health - Legislation and Jurisprudence - Trends Public Health Administration Políticas de Saúde Investigação em Políticas de Saúde