Interplay between glycemia and the genetics of ENOS and ACE genes for the susceptibility to the onset and development of hypertension on the Portuguese population

Aguiar, Laura; Ferreira, Joana; Matos, Andreia; Mascarenhas, Mário Rui; Menezes Falcão, Luiz; Faustino, Paula; Bicho, Manuel; Inácio, Ângela

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/7452

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Authors

Aguiar, Laura

Ferreira, Joana

Matos, Andreia

Mascarenhas, Mário Rui

Abstract(s)

Introduction: Hypertension is a multifactorial condition of anthropometric, physiologic, metabolic, genetic, and environmental nature. In Portugal, the mean prevalence of hypertension in the population is 45.5%. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the contribution of anthropometric, physiological, and genetic factors (eNOS and ACE) to the development of hypertension in a Portuguese population. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in a sample of 377 individuals, 243 hypertensives, and 134 normotensives. The polymorphic analyses of intron 4 VNTR in the eNOS gene and the insertion/deletion (I/D) in ACE gene were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: High body mass index (BMI) values, high glycemia levels, and the 4a allele of the eNOS were associated with hypertension. Among the hypertensive group, the allele 4a (eNOS) was associated with high levels of HbA1c, and the D allele (ACE) with glycemia. Conclusion: Our results highlight the contribution of eNOS and ACE genes as important players for the onset and development of hypertension in the Portuguese population. We believe that a combinatory clinical approach including the traditional anthropomorphic and physiological parameters together with genetic studies can be more elucidative in establishing a susceptibility profile on multifactorial conditions as hypertension.