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- 6th International Conference on Food Contaminants: Challenges on Emerging Contaminants and Planetary Health: Book of AbstractsPublication . Vasco, Elsa; Alvito, PaulaThe 6th International Conference on Food Contaminants (ICFC2025), focused on Challenges in Emerging Contaminants and Planetary Health, was held in person from 25–26 September 2025 at the auditorium of the Museu de Eletricidade, Casa da Luz, in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. The conference addressed the growing challenge posed by emerging contaminants (ECs) in food and the environment, emphasising how their spread through the food chain threatens food safety and public health. Discussions explored policies to reduce exposure to food contaminants, examined the health impacts of chemical and biological contaminants—including occurrence, exposure assessment, and biomonitoring—highlighted advances in analytical methods for detecting emerging contaminants, and considered the full spectrum of their toxicity. These interconnected themes framed a comprehensive dialogue on safeguarding both human health and the wider ecosystem. This multidisciplinary meeting provided a dynamic forum for established experts and early-career researchers to exchange the latest knowledge on food contaminants and their implications for human and planetary health. The scientific programme featured one keynote lecture, five invited lectures, 14 oral presentations, 43 poster presentations, and two round-table discussions. A Best Poster Award was also presented.
- EVITA – Epidemiologia e Vigilância dos Traumatismos e Acidentes: relatório 2023Publication . Alves, Tatiana; Silva, Susana; Rodrigues, Emanuel; Braz, Paula; Aniceto, Carlos; Mexia, Ricardo; Matias Dias, CarlosRelatório EVITA – Epidemiologia e Vigilância dos Traumatismos e Acidentes relativo ao ano de 2023. O sistema EVITA é um sistema de recolha e análise de dados sobre os acidentes domésticos e de lazer que implicaram recurso às urgências das unidades do Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS). Em Portugal, a notificação dos acidentes domésticos e de lazer (ADL) realiza-se através do sistema de vigilância EVITA, criado em 2000 na continuidade do sistema ADELIA (Acidentes Domésticos e de Lazer – Informação Adequada), sob a coordenação do Departamento de Epidemiologia do INSA. Este sistema conta com a colaboração da entidade Serviços Partilhados do Ministério da Saúde. Os objetivos do sistema EVITA são: a) fornecer informação essencial sobre a epidemiologia dos ADL em Portugal; b) manter um sistema de vigilância que permita a caracterização dos ADL, a identificação das situações de risco, os agentes envolvidos, bem como os produtos perigosos que propiciem a ocorrência de ADL; c) manter uma base de dados disponível para a comunidade cientifica, a partir da qual seja possível realizar estudos epidemiológicos na área dos ADL, e avaliar políticas de prevenção baseadas na evidência. O presente relatório apresenta a análise descritiva dos dados recolhidos pelo sistema EVITA no decurso do ano de 2023. Evidenciam-se, dessa análise, os seguintes resultados: - Uma proporção de ADL superior no sexo feminino nos grupos etários acima dos 55 anos; - Uma frequência mais elevada de ADL ocorridos na habitação, com destaque para o sexo masculino dos 0-44 anos e para o sexo feminino a partir dos 75 anos; - A proporção de ADL ocorridos em “Escola, área institucional e recintos públicos” foi mais elevada no sexo masculino entre os 0 e os 54 anos, e a partir dos 55 anos no sexo feminino; - O “Mecanismo de lesão” mais frequente foi a “Queda”; - Cerca de 57% de todos os ADL envolveram uma “Contusão, hematoma”; - A parte do corpo lesada referida com maior frequência foram os “Membros”.
- Tracking epidemiological shifts in hepatitis A in Portugal: a comparison of seroprevalence between two nationwide surveys, 2001 to 2002 and 2015 to 2016Publication . Manageiro, Vera; Matos, Rita; Palminha, Paula; Cortes-Martins, Helena; Nunes, Baltazar; de Sousa, RitaHepatitis A incidence in Portugal declined from 20.1 to 0.4/100,000 population between 1987 and 2023, changing non-vaccinated population susceptibility. This shift has contributed to more frequent outbreaks, including in 2024-25, highlighting the need to enhance surveillance and integrate serological data. We aimed to describe the exposure profile of the Portuguese population to hepatitis A virus (HAV) over time by estimating and comparing the seroprevalence of hepatitis A in two nationwide surveys. Data from two cross-sectional seroprevalence studies performed in 2001-02 and 2015-16 in the population aged ≥ 2 years were analysed. Seroprevalence was weighted for population distribution by age, sex and region, and then analysed by birth cohort (1911 -2014) and compared using Poisson regression. Overall prevalence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies was 67.3% (95% CI: 64.2-70.3) in 2001-02 (n = 1,642) and 56.3% (95% CI: 52.4-60.2) in 2015-16 (n = 2,052), showing an 11-percentage-point decline. Birth cohort analysis revealed consistent seroprevalence within each cohort in both surveys, i.e. seroprevalence for the 1981-90 birth cohort was 16.7% and 18.7%, respectively, suggesting that higher seroprevalence is more closely associated with birth cohort (cohort effect) rather than a specific time point. Additionally, we found that individuals aged ≥ 30 years, born before the 1980s, and those with lower education had higher seroprevalence. The immunological profile of anti-HAV antibodies in the Portuguese population has shifted over the last decades. High susceptibility and shifting age distribution of Hepatitis A-seropositive individuals highlight the need to revise future vaccination strategies in Portugal.
- Sitosterolemia In iberoamerican countries: 16 new cases and phenotype genotype analysisPublication . Alves, Ana Catarina; Chora, Joana Rita; Miranda, Beatriz; Medeiros, Ana Margarida; Graça, Rafael; Bañares, Virginia G.; Araujo, Maria Beatriz; Vilagut, Ferrán Trías; Soler, Cristina; Meavilla, Silvia; Toledo, Maria J. Benitez; Volpe, Camila Garcia; Reyes, Ximena; Dell'Oca, Nicolás; Martins, Paula; Marado, Diana; Vilarinho, Laura; Dias, Aureliano Jorge; Ferreira, Ana Cristina; Padeira, Gonçalo; Casañas, Marta; Alegre-González, Diana; Lozano, José Mosquera; Aguiar, Patrício; Gonçalves, Filipa Sousa; Ernaga, Ander; Apellaniz-Ruiz, Maria; Rubi, Rodrigo; Figueroa, Nahún Muñoz; Vasquez, Norma Alejandra; Valdivielso, Pedro; Bourbon, Mafalda; ElsevierBackground: Sitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive lipid disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes. It is characterized by elevated plasma plant sterol concentrations, xanthomas, and an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. As happens with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), sitosterolemia is subdiagnosed and is frequently confounded with FH, resulting in inappropriate management. This study aims to describe newly identified cases across Iberoamerican countries and to highlight the need for improved diagnostic strategies. Methods: We report 16 cases of molecularly confirmed sitosterolemia from 5 Iberoamerican countries (Argentina, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, and Uruguay), including 12 index cases and 4 relatives identified by cascade screening. Clinical, biochemical, and molecular data were collected and analyzed. β-sitosterol levels were measured when possible, and variant classification followed American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines with disease-specific adaptations. Results: Fifteen individuals had biallelic variants in ABCG8 and 1 had a homozygous frameshift variant in ABCG5. Ten distinct ABCG8 variants were identified, including 7 nonsense and 3 missense variants. Xanthomas were observed in 56% of cases. Most cases were initially diagnosed as FH, with a diagnostic delay of up to 30 years. Treatment with ezetimibe, alone or combined with statins, led to biochemical and clinical improvement, including xanthoma regression in some cases. Conclusion: Sitosterolemia remains underdiagnosed due to lack of systematic screening and clinical overlap with FH. Our findings highlight the importance of including ABCG5/8 in genetic testing panels and of recognizing clinical clues for early diagnosis, enabling targeted treatment and prevention of adverse outcomes. Adapted ACMG variant classification improves interpretability for ABCG5/8-related sitosterolemia.
- Translon: a single term for translated regionsPublication . Świrski, Michał I.; Tierney, Jack A. S.; Albà, M. Mar; Andreev, Dmitry E.; Aspden, Julie L.; Atkins, John F.; Bassani-Sternberg, Michal; Berry, Marla J.; Biffo, Stefano; Boris-Lawrie, Kathleen; Borodovsky, Mark; Brierley, Ian; Brook, Matthew; Brunet, Marie A.; Janusz M. Bujnicki; Caliskan, Neva; Calviello, Lorenzo; Carvunis, Anne-Ruxandra; Cate, Jamie H. D.; Cenik, Can; Chang, Kung Yao; Chen, Yiwen; Chothani, Sonia; Choudhary, Jyoti S.; Clark, Patricia L.; Clauwaert, Jim; Cooley, Lynn; Dassi, Erik; Dean, Kellie; Diaz, Jean-Jacques; Dieterich, Christoph; Dikstein, Rivka; Dinman, Jonathan D.; Dmitriev, Sergey E.; Dontsova, Olga A.; Dunham, Christine M.; Eswarappa, Sandeep M.; Farabaugh, Philip J.; Faridi, Pouya; Fierro-Monti, Ivo; Firth, Andrew E.; Gatfield, David; Gebauer, Fátima; Gelfand, Mikhail S.; Gray, Nicola K.; Green, Rachel; Hill, Chris H.; Hou, Ya-Ming; Hübner, Norbert; Ignatova, Zoya; Ivanov, Pavel; Iwasaki, Shintaro; Johnson, Rory; Jomaa, Ahmad; Jovanovic, Marko; Jungreis, Irwin; Kellis, Manolis; Kieft, Jeffrey S.; Kochetov, Alex V.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Korostelev, Andrei A.; Kufel, Joanna; Kulakovskiy, Ivan V.; Kurian, Leo; Lafontaine, Denis L. J.; Larsson, Ola; Loughran, Gary; Lukeš, Julius; Mariotti, Marco; Martens-Uzunova, Elena S.; Martinez, Thomas F.; Matsumoto, Akinobu; McManus, Joel; Medenbach, Jan; Melnikov, Sergey V.; Menschaert, Gerben; Merchante, Catharina; Mikl, Martin; Miller, W. Allen; Mühlemann, Oliver; Namy, Olivier; Nedialkova, Danny D.; Nosek, Jozef; Orchard, Sandra; Ozretić, Petar; Pertea, Mihaela; Pervouchine, Dmitri D.; Romão, Luísa; Ron, David; Roucou, Xavier; Rubtsova, Maria P.; Ruiz-Orera, Jorge; Saghatelian, Alan; Salzberg, Steven L.; Seale, Lucia A.; Seoighe, Cathal; Sergiev, Petr V.; Shah, Premal; Shirokikh, Nikolay; Slavoff, Sarah A.; Sonenberg, Nahum; Stasevich, Timothy J.; Szczesny, Roman J.; Tamm, Tiina; Tchórzewski, Marek; Topisirovic, Ivan; Tremblay, Michel L.; Tuller, Tamir; Ulitsky, Igor; Valášek, Leoš Shivaya; Van Damme, Petra; Viero, Gabriella; Vizcaino, Juan Antonio; Vogel, Christine; Wallace, Edward W. J.; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Westhof, Eric; Whiffin, Nicola; Wilson, Daniel N.; Xie, Zhi; Yewdell, Jonathan W.; Yordanova, Martina M.; Yu, Chien-Hung; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav; Zagrovic, Bojan; TRANSLACORE; Baranov, Pavel V.; Valen, EivindNo abstract available
- Contribution of Updating the Portuguese Food Composition Table to Healthy and Sustainable Food ChoicesPublication . Ravasco, Francisco; Dias, Maria da GraçaBackground and Objectives: Portuguese Food Composition Table (FCT) is an essential tool for healthcare professionals, researchers, food industry, and consumers, providing detailed information on the nutritional value of foods. In the current context, where the promotion of healthier and more sustainable diets is a priority, the continuous updating of the FCT is indispensable to accurately reflect changes in food production, product reformulation, and consumption patterns. This work aims to highlight the priorities of updating the Portuguese FCT in order to fill gaps in existing data. Method: The update of the FCT is a continuous and internationally harmonized process, using FoodCASE® software, which is used by nine countries and various European projects following EuroFIR requirements. Data are generated according to EuroFIR standards, ensuring quality and comparability. The inclusion of new foods is based on the National Food and Physical Activity Survey (2015-2016), with a special focus on plant-based foods, following dietary tendencies and identifying gaps. Laboratory analyses are conducted at the National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, using samples representative of national consumption. New foods are compiled using analytical data, extrapolation from analogous foods, international databases, and nutritional labelling. Results: Identification of new foods has been based on the National Food and Physical Activity Survey (2015-2016), with a focus on those consumed by individuals following a vegetarian diet. The new version of the FCT (v 7.0 - 2025) will include 1339 foods, classified in FoodEX2 up to the 3rd level and 50 components/nutrients, will include results for iodine and selenium and for the first time results for 6 carotenoids in vegetables and fruits. Introduces 9 new foods and 1417 changes, including descriptions, removal of obsolete items, addition of edible portions, and value updates, considering the reduction of salt, sugars, and saturated fats in line with public health guidelines and industry trends. FCT is freely available online, allows searches by keyword, food group, components, and alphabetical list, nutritional comparisons between foods within the same or different groups. Conclusions: Updating the FCT is a fundamental step to ensure the quality and reliability of the nutritional information available. Regular updates will help guide public policy, support nutrition research, and promote healthier, more sustainable food choices. Strengthening international cooperation and leveraging new technologies for data collection and analysis will be key to ensuring a robust and up-to-date food composition database.
- Glyphosate in the Iberian Peninsula: Evaluating risks to Iberian wildlifePublication . Baptista, Catarina Jota; Marques, Gonçalo Nogueira; Gonçalves, Luísa Lima; Assunção, Ricardo; Martinez-Haro, MónicaGlyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (GlyP) is an herbicide extensively used worldwide, including the Iberian Peninsula. It is mainly used in agricultural landscapes but also in urban areas, in railways, and even in water bodies. Despite glyphosate’s large use, there is a paucity of research on its exposure and its potential effects on wildlife living treated environments. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have warned about the effects of this herbicide namely, on oxidative stress, and on liver and kidney in different taxa. Additionally, some studies also suggested endocrine disruption capacity in reptiles or genotoxicity in fish. Most of these studies have been carried out on experimental animals, in laboratory conditions, so the real exposure and potential effects on wildlife is largely unknown. In this context, this review is intended to help understand the ecological consequences that glyphosate may be exerting on wildlife that inhabit the Iberian Peninsula.
- Cyanara cardunculus L. by-products as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for industrial applicationsPublication . Barbosa, Cássia H.; Andrade, Mariana A.; Duarte, Maria Paula; Mateus, Ana Rita; Vilarinho, Fernanda; Fernando, Ana Luísa; Sanches Silva, AnaCynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) is a versatile perennial crop that thrives in challenging environments with high productivity. Its flowers are valued for their coagulating properties in cheesemaking, while its leaves, rich in bioactive compounds, are normally discarded. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of ethanolic and methanolic extracts from fresh and dried cultivated cardoon var. altilis DC leaves (FCC and DCC, respectively) to evaluate the impact of oven-drying with forced air circulation on the bioactive profile of the leaves. Dried cultivated cardoon leaf extracts exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than fresh leaf extracts, although fresh leaves contained a greater variety of polyphenolic compounds. Among the 16 identified compounds, chlorogenic acid, apigenin, and luteolin were the most abundant. The best antioxidant activity was observed in dried leaf extracts for both methanolic (EC50 = 0.8 mg/mL, AAC = 279.67) and ethanolic (EC50 = 2.1 mg/mL, AAC = 448.06) solvents. Regarding antimicrobial properties, Gram-positive bacteria showed higher sensitivity to both ethanolic and methanolic extracts compared to Gram-negative bacteria. The dried leaf ethanolic extract demonstrated stronger antimicrobial activity, with lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values (125–2000 μg/mL) across most tested microorganisms. Dried leaf extracts exhibited better antimicrobial efficacy than fresh leaf extracts, although only mild inhibition was observed against Aspergillus fumigatus. In conclusion, the findings suggest that dried cardoon leaves are a valuable by-product as a source of bioactive compounds for various industrial applications, particularly in the food industry, as well as in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. In this sense, the use of active compounds obtained from cardoon leaves is aligned with the concepts of circular economy and sustainability. More specifically, it is aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12, Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. This approach promotes both environmental and economic sustainability by transforming high-value by-products into innovative applications.
- Global excess deaths associated with heatwaves in 2023 and the contribution of human-induced climate changePublication . Hundessa, Samuel; Huang, Wenzhong; Xu, Rongbin; Yang, Zhengyu; Zhao, Qi; Gasparrini, Antonio; Armstrong, Ben; Bell, Michelle L.; Huber, Veronika; Urban, Aleš; Coelho, Micheline; Sera, Francesco; Tong, Shilu; Royé, Dominic; Kyselý, Jan; de'Donato, Francesca; Mistry, Malcolm; Tobias, Aurelio; Íñiguez, Carmen; Ragettli, Martina S.; Hales, Simon; Achilleos, Souzana; Klompmaker, Jochem; Li, Shanshan; Guo, Yuming; Multi-Country Multi-City Collaborative Research NetworkAbstract: An unprecedented heatwave swept the globe in 2023, marking it one of the hottest years on record and raising concerns about its health impacts. However, a comprehensive assessment of the heatwave-related mortality and its attribution to human-induced climate change remains lacking. We aim to address this gap by analyzing high-resolution climate and mortality data from 2,013 locations across 67 countries/territories using a three-stage modeling approach. First, we estimated historical heatwave-mortality associations using a quasi-Poisson regression model with distributed lag structures, considering lag effects, seasonality, and within-week variations. Second, we pooled the estimates in meta-regression, accounting for spatial heterogeneity and potential changes in heatwave-mortality associations over time. Third, we predicted grid-specific (0.5 0.5) association in 2023 and calculated the heatwave-related excess deaths, death ratio, and death rate per million people. Attribution analysis was conducted by comparing heatwave-related mortality under factual and counterfactual climate scenarios. We estimated 178,486 excess deaths (95% empirical confidence interval [eCI], 159,892≥204,147) related to the 2023 heatwave, accounting for 0.73% of global deaths, corresponding to 23 deaths per million people. The highest mortality rates occurred in Southern (120, 95% eCI, 116≥126), Eastern (107, 95% eCI, 100≥114), and Western Europe (66, 95% eCI, 62≥70), where the excess death ratio was also higher. Notably, 54.29% (95% eCI, 45.71%≥61.36%) of the global heatwave-related deaths were attributable to human-induced climate change. These results underscore the urgent need for adaptive public health interventions and climate mitigation strategies to reduce future mortality burdens in the context of increasing global warming.
- Untargeted Multiomics of LNCaP Cell Line Treated with a Novel DNA Minor Groove Binder and/or Doxorubicin Using Mass SpectrometryPublication . Zenati, Ruba A.; Soares, Nelson C.; Alniss, Hasan Y.; Al-Hroub, Hamza M.; El-Awady, Raafat; Abuhelwa, Ahmad Y.; Ramadan, Wafaa S.; Aleidi, Shereen M.; El-Huneidi, Waseem; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Alzoubi, Karem H.; Bustanji, Yasser; Semreen, Mohammad H.Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a major global health concern, ranking among the most prevalent cancer in men worldwide. Despite the availability of various therapeutic options, the clinical efficacy of current anti-PCa agents is often compromised by drug resistance and adverse effects. DNA minor groove binders offer a potential therapeutic alternative, owing to their selective mechanism of action and favorable safety profiles. In the present study, we utilized a multiomics strategy to investigate the molecular impact of novel compound MGB4. LNCaP cells were treated with doxorubicin, MGB4, or a combination of both, followed by LC-MS/MS-based untargeted proteomics and metabolomics analyses. One-way ANOVA (p-value <0.05) revealed 55 significantly dysregulated proteins and 57 altered metabolites across treatments. Our findings indicate that both MGB4 and doxorubicin impacted key cellular pathways, including inhibition of translation and alterations in sphingolipid and amino acid metabolism, while doxorubicin and the combination therapy also reduced spermine and spermidine metabolism. Notably, the combined treatment exhibited synergistic effects, significantly impacting purine metabolism and reducing metabolite levels more than individual therapies. This study provides key molecular insights into MGB4 and doxorubicin's mechanisms, supporting MGB4 as a potential prostate cancer drug candidate.
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