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- Ethical considerations in engaging young people in European obesity prevention research: The CO‐CREATE experiencePublication . Budin‐Ljøsne, Isabelle; Ayuandini, Sherria; Baillergeau, Evelyne; Bröer, Christian; Helleve, Arnfinn; Klepp, Knut‐Inge; Kysnes, Bjarte; Lien, Nanna; Luszczynska, Aleksandra; Nesrallah, Samantha; Rito, Ana; Rutter, Harry; Samdal, Oddrun; Savona, Natalie; Veltkamp, GerliekeEngaging youth in obesity prevention research and policy action is essential to develop strategies that are relevant and sensitive to their needs. Research with young people requires critical reflection to safeguard their rights, dignity, and wellbeing. The CO-CREATE project used various methods to engage approximately 300 European youth aged 15–19 years in the development of policies to prevent adolescent obesity. This paper discusses ethical considerations made in the project pertaining to the youth's voluntary participation, their protection from obesity stigma, respect for their time, data privacy and confidentiality, power balance, and equality of opportunity to participate in the research. We describe measures implemented to prevent or limit the emergence of ethical challenges in our interaction with youth and discuss their relevance based on our experience with implementation. While some challenges seemingly were prevented, others arose related to the youth's voluntary participation, time burdens on them, and the sustainability of participation under the Covid-19 pandemic. Concrete and ongoing ethical guidance may be useful in projects aiming to interact and build collaborative relationships with youth for long periods of time.
- Unveiling the incidences and trends of the neglected zoonosis cystic echinococcosis in Europe: a systematic review from the MEmE projectPublication . Casulli, Adriano; Abela-Ridder, Bernadette; Petrone, Daniele; Fabiani, Massimo; Bobić, Branko; Carmena, David; Šoba, Barbara; Zerem, Enver; Gargaté, Maria João; Kuzmanovska, Gordana; Calomfirescu, Cristian; Rainova, Iskra; Sotiraki, Smaragda; Lungu, Vera; Dezsényi, Balázs; Herrador, Zaida; Karamon, Jacek; Maksimov, Pavlo; Oksanen, Antti; Millon, Laurence; Sviben, Mario; Shkjezi, Renata; Gjoni, Valbona; Akshija, Ilir; Saarma, Urmas; Torgerson, Paul; Šnábel, Viliam; Antolová, Daniela; Muhovic, Damir; Besim, Hasan; Chereau, Fanny; Belhassen García, Moncef; Chappuis, François; Gloor, Severin; Stoeckle, Marcel; Müllhaupt, Beat; Manno, Valerio; Santoro, Azzurra; Santolamazza, FedericaThe neglected zoonosis cystic echinococcosis affects mainly pastoral and rural communities in both low-income and upper-middle-income countries. In Europe, it should be regarded as an orphan and rare disease. Although human cystic echinococcosis is a notifiable parasitic infectious disease in most European countries, in practice it is largely under-reported by national health systems. To fill this gap, we extracted data on the number, incidence, and trend of human cases in Europe through a systematic review approach, using both the scientific and grey literature and accounting for the period of publication from 1997 to 2021. The highest number of possible human cases at the national level was calculated from various data sources to generate a descriptive model of human cystic echinococcosis in Europe. We identified 64 745 human cystic echinococcosis cases from 40 European countries. The mean annual incidence from 1997 to 2020 throughout Europe was 0·64 cases per 100 000 people and in EU member states was 0·50 cases per 100 000 people. Based on incidence rates and trends detected in this study, the current epicentre of cystic echinococcosis in Europe is in the southeastern European countries, whereas historical endemic European Mediterranean countries have recorded a decrease in the number of cases over the time.