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Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-07-24"

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  • The Role of Health Preconditions on COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal: Evidence from Surveillance Data of the First 20293 Infection Cases
    Publication . Nogueira, Paulo Jorge; de Araújo Nobre, Miguel; Costa, Andreia; Ribeiro, Ruy M.; Furtado, Cristina; Bacelar Nicolau, Leonor; Camarinha, Catarina; Luís, Márcia; Abrantes, Ricardo; Vaz Carneiro, António
    Background: It is essential to study the effect of potential co-factors on the risk of death in patients infected by COVID-19. The identification of risk factors is important to allow more efficient public health and health services strategic interventions with a significant impact on deaths by COVID-19. This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in Portugal. Methods: A national dataset with the first 20,293 patients infected with COVID-19 between 1 January and 21 April 2020 was analyzed. The primary outcome measure was mortality by COVID-19, measured (registered and confirmed) by Medical Doctors serving as health delegates on the daily death registry. A logistic regression model using a generalized linear model was used for estimating Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each potential risk indicator. Results: A total of 502 infected patients died of COVID-19. The risk factors for increased odds of death by COVID-19 were: sex (male: OR = 1.47, ref = female), age ((56-60) years, OR = 6.01; (61-65) years, OR = 10.5; (66-70) years, OR = 20.4; (71-75) years, OR = 34; (76-80) years, OR = 50.9; (81-85) years, OR = 70.7; (86-90) years, OR = 83.2; (91-95) years, OR = 91.8; (96-104) years, OR = 140.2, ref = (0-55)), Cardiac disease (OR = 2.86), Kidney disorder (OR = 2.95), and Neuromuscular disorder (OR = 1.58), while condition (None (absence of precondition); OR = 0.49) was associated with a reduced chance of dying after adjusting for other variables of interest. Conclusions: Besides age and sex, preconditions justify the risk difference in mortality by COVID-19.
    2020-07-24Journal article Open access Show more
  • Salt Reduction Strategies in Portuguese School Meals, from Pre-School to Secondary Education-The Eat Mediterranean Program
    Publication . Rito, Ana Isabel; Mendes, Sofia; Santos, Mariana; Goiana-da-Silva, Francisco; Cappuccio, Francesco Paolo; Whiting, Stephen; Dinis, Ana; Rascôa, Carla; Castanheira, Isabel; Darzi, Ara; Breda, João
    High sodium (salt) consumption is associated with an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases. However, in most European countries, Portugal included, sodium intake is still high. This study aimed to assess the sodium content of school meals before and after the Eat Mediterranean (EM) intervention-a community-based program to identify and correct nutritional deviations through the implementation of new school menus and through schools' food handlers training. EM (2015-2017) was developed in 25 schools (pre to secondary education) of two Portuguese Municipalities, reaching students aged 3-21 years old. Samples of the complete meals (soup + main course + bread) from all schools were collected, and nutritional quality and laboratory analysis were performed to determine their nutritional composition, including sodium content. Overall, there was a significant decrease (-23%) in the mean sodium content of the complete school meals, which was mainly achieved by the significant reduction of 34% of sodium content per serving portion of soup. In conclusion, EM had a positive effect on the improvement of the school meals' sodium content, among the participant schools. Furthermore, school setting might be ideal for nutrition literacy interventions among children, for flavors shaping, and for educating towards less salty food acceptance.
    2020-07-24Journal article Open access Show more
  • Reporting monitoring data on chemical contaminants in food and feed to EFSA
    Publication . Brazão, Roberto; Ravasco, Francisco; Tomé, Sidney; Oliveira, Luísa; Dias, Maria da Graça
    Trabalho que decorre do que tem vindo a ser desenvolvido nos últimos anos com a EFSA em matéria de harmonização, recolha e reporte de dados, nomeadamente, e em particular, com a implementação do projeto ID RISK - A importância da harmonização do sistema de recolha de dados de controlos oficiais na Defesa do Consumidor. O projeto ID RISK é um projeto financiado pela EFSA, que envolve 3 instituições de 2 Estados-membros da União Europeia (UE): ASAE e Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA) de Portugal e Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food (HAPIH) da Croácia. O ID RISK através da partilha de conhecimentos entre Portugal (ASAE e INSA) e Croácia (CSH), tem como objetivo reforçar a capacidade de recolha, gestão e transmissão de dados dos controlos oficiais, para produzir repositórios de informação com robustez e qualidade, para realizar estudos de avaliação de risco e de investigação científica.
    2020-07-24Conference object Restricted access Show more