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  • Early detection, diagnosis and intervention services for young children with autism spectrum disorder in the European Union (ASDEU): family and professional perspectives
    Publication . Bejarano-Martín, Álvaro; Canal-Bedia, Ricardo; Magán-Maganto, María; Fernández-Álvarez, Clara; Cilleros-Martín, María Victoria; Sánchez-Gómez, María Cruz; García-Primo, Patricia; Rose-Sweeney, Mary; Boilson, Andrew; Linertová, Renata; Roeyers, Herbert; Van der Paelt, Sara; Schendel, Diana; Warberg, Christine; Cramer, Susanne; Narzisi, Antonio; Muratori, Filippo; Scattoni, María Luisa; Moilanen, Irma; Yliherva, Anneli; Saemundsen, Evald; Loa Jónsdóttir, Sigríður; Efrim-Budisteanu, Magdalena; Arghir, Aurora; Papuc, Sorina Mihaela; Vicente, Astrid; Rasga, Célia; Rogé, Bernadette; Guillon, Quentin; Baduel, Sophie; Kafka, Johanna Xenia; Poustka, Luise; Kothgassner, Oswald D.; Kawa, Rafal; Pisula, Ewa; Sellers, Tracey; Posada de la Paz, Manuel
    Early services for ASD need to canvas the opinions of both parents and professionals. These opinions are seldom compared in the same research study. This study aims to ascertain the views of families and professionals on early detection, diagnosis and intervention services for young children with ASD. An online survey compiled and analysed data from 2032 respondents across 14 European countries (60.9% were parents; 39.1% professionals). Using an ordinal scale from 1 to 7, parents' opinions were more negative (mean = 4.6; SD 2.2) compared to those of professionals (mean = 4.9; SD 1.5) when reporting satisfaction with services. The results suggest services should take into account child's age, delays in accessing services, and active stakeholders' participation when looking to improve services.
    2019-10-12Journal article Restricted access Show more
  • Acute and chronic toxicity assessment of haloacetic acids using Daphnia magna
    Publication . Melo, Armindo; Ferreira, Cláudia; Ferreira, Isabel M.P.L.V.O.; Mansilha, Catarina
    Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are undesirable disinfection by-products (DBPs), released into aquatic ecosystems from various anthropogenic and natural sources. The aim of this study was to examine the ecological risk of exposure to three HAAs commonly detected in water, such as monobromoacetic acid (MBA), monochloroacetic acid (MCA), and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), in in vivo acute and chronic toxicity tests using Daphnia magna as a model. Acute tests showed that MBA was the most toxic of these compounds followed by MCA and TCA as evidenced by immobilization. Aquatic organisms in natural conditions might be exposed simultaneously to numerous compounds; thus, binary mixtures of selected HAAs and a ternary mixture of these were tested. Concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models were used for a predictive assessment of mixture toxicity. Data demonstrated that CA appeared to be the most reliable indicator for HAAs binary and ternary mixtures suggestive of an additive behavior. Median effective concentration (EC50) values from the mixed exposure tests were significantly lower than results obtained from single tests for all three HAAs where an increase of toxicity greater than 50%. Multigenerational chronic tests were also performed exposing daphnids to the ternary mixture of HAAs. A markedly decreased sexual maturity and number of offspring and broods per daphnid especially in the second generation were noted.
    2019-10-12Journal article Restricted access Show more