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- European joint action sobre prevenção de doenças crónicas e promoção do envelhecimento saudável (JA-CHRODIS)Publication . Miranda, Natércia; Niza, Cláudia; Costa, Luciana; Vicente, A.M.Os relatórios de todos os países envolvidos, incluindo o relatório de Portugal elaborado pelo INSA em colaboração com a DGS e a APDP desenvolvidos no primeiro ano de execução do projeto foram apresentados em Bruxelas dia 19 e 20 de fevereiro e encontram-se disponíveis no website da JA-CHRODIS. Este relatório português reúne informação sobre o cenário e o estado atual da promoção da saúde e prevenção das doenças crónicas em Portugal no que respeita à sua implementação a nível nacional, regional ou local.
- Modelo de crenças em saúde na decisão da toma da vacina antigripalPublication . Santos, Ana João; Kislaya, Irina; Nunes, BaltazarO estudo desenvolvido no âmbito do ECOS (Em casa observamos Saúde) teve como principal objetivo avaliar auto perceção das dimensões do MCS (gravidade, suscetibilidade, barreiras e benefícios) na adesão à VAG por indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo-alvo
- Effects of iron oxide nanoparticles: Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and neurotoxicityPublication . Valdiglesias, V.; Kiliç, G.; Costa, C.; Fernández-Bertólez, N; Pásaro, E.; Teixeira, João Paulo; Laffon, B.Iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) with superparamagnetic properties hold great promise for use in various biomedical applications; specific examples include use as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, in targeted drug delivery, and for induced hyperthermia cancer treatments. Increasing potential applications raise concerns over their potential effects on human health. Nevertheless, very little is currently known about the toxicity associated with exposure to these nanoparticles at different levels of biological organization. This article provides an overview of recent studies evaluating ION cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity. Although the results of these studies are sometimes controversial, they generally indicate that surface coatings and particle size seem to be crucial for the observed ION-induced effects, as they are critical determinants of cellular responses and intensity of effects, and influence potential mechanisms of toxicity. The studies also suggest that some ION are safe for certain biomedical applications, while other uses need to be considered more carefully. Overall, the available studies provide insufficient evidence to fully assess the potential risks for human health related to ION exposure. Additional research in this area is required including studies on potential long-term effects.
- Clostridium difficile: diversidade genética e perfis de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianosPublication . Santos, Andrea; Isidro, Joana; Júlio, Cláudia; Oleastro, MónicaEste trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a variabilidade genética e o perfil de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos de estirpes de C. difficile recebidas no Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA) entre julho de 2012 e dezembro de 2014.
- Calor extremo 2013: excessos de mortalidadePublication . Silva, Susana Pereira; Nunes, Baltazar; Dias, Carlos MatiasEnquadramento: •A frequência de episódios climáticos extremos está a aumentar, seja em número de ocorrências de ondas de calor ou de frio meteorológicas •Últimos episódios de calor extremo com impactos severos: –12JUN a 20JUN 1981 (8 dias) - Tmax observada 43,5 ºC - excesso de 1906 óbitos –12JUL a 21JUL 1991 (9 dias) - Tmax observada 43,7 ºC - excesso de 1002 óbitos –30JUL a 15AGO de 2003 (17 dias) - Tmax observada 45,4ºC - excesso de 1953 óbitos –10JUL a 27JUL de 2006 (17 dias) - Tmax observada 41ºC - excesso de 1123 óbitos –29JUN a 11JUL de 2010 (13 dias) - Tmax observada 42ºC - excesso de 637 óbitos •ÍCARO: Importância do CAlor: Repercussões sobre os Óbitos –O sistema de vigilância e monitorização de períodos de calor extremo com efeitos sobre a mortalidade –Implementado em 1999, pelo Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge em parceria com o Instituto de Meteorologia atual Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera
- Prevalência de síndrome de apneia obstrutiva do sono: um estudo da Rede Médicos-SentinelaPublication . Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Pinto, Paula; Nunes, Baltazar; Bárbara, CristinaEste estudo tem como objetivo estimar a prevalência de SAOS com diagnóstico conhecido na população sob observação da Rede Médicos-Sentinela (MS).
- Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy in a large Portuguese KindredPublication . Moldovan, O.; Alves, A.C.; Medeiros, A.M.; Sousa, A.B.; Bourbon, MafaldaThe lipodystrophies are a clinically heterogeneous group of acquired or inherited disorders affecting adipose tissue distribution. Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2, OMIM 151660, the most prevalent subtype) is a rare autosomal dominant disease, characterized by selective absence of adipose tissue in the extremities and trunk and accumulation of fat in the face, neck and supraclavicular fossa. The patients have a muscular hypertrophic appearance, especially in the lower limbs. Affected children are born with normal fat distribution, may present hyperlipidemia in childhood and after puberty start to progressively lose the subcutaneous fat. Later in life, affected adults may experience some metabolic disorders including hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hepatic steatosis and high blood pressure. Acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, menstrual abnormalities and polycystic ovarian disease can also occur in affected women. The phenotype appears more pronounced in females. The aim of this study was to characterize clinically and molecularly a family with clinical diagnosis of lipodystrophy.
- Genotoxicity of synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles in rats following short-term exposure. Part 1: Oral routePublication . Tarantini, Adeline; Huet, Sylvie; Jarry, Gérard; Martine, Poul; Tavares, Ana; Vital, Nádia; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria João; Fessard, ValérieSynthetic amorphous silica (SAS) in its nanosized form is now used in food applications although the potential risks for human health have not been evaluated. In this study, genotoxicity and oxidative DNA damage of two pyrogenic (NM-202 and 203) and two precipitated (NM-200 and -201) nanosized SAS were investigated in vivo in rats following oral exposure. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg b.w./day for three days by gavage. DNA strand breaks and oxidative DNA damage were investigated in seven tissues (blood, bone marrow from femur, liver,spleen, kidney, duodenum, and colon) with the alkaline and the (Fpg)-modified comet assays, respectively. Concomitantly, chromosomal damage was investigated in bone marrow and in colon with the micronucleus assay. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation marker, was measured in plasma. When required, a histopathological examination was also conducted. The results showed neither obvious DNA strand breaks nor oxidative damage with the comet assay, irrespective of the dose and the organ investigated. Similarly, no increases in chromosome damage in bone marrow or lipid peroxidation in plasma were detected. However, although the response was not dose-dependent, a weak increase in the percentage of micronucleated cells was observed in the colon of rats treated with the two pyrogenic SAS at the lowest dose (5 mg/kg b.w./day). Additional data are required to confirm this result, considering in particular, the role of agglomeration/aggregation of SAS NMs in their uptake by intestinal cells.
- Prevalência ao nascimento dos défices da β-oxidação mitocondrial dos ácidos gordos na Península IbéricaPublication . Rocha, Hugo; Castiñeiras, Daisy; Delgado, Carmen; Egea, José; Yahyaoui, Raquel; González, Yolanda; Conde, Manuel; González, Inmaculada; Rueda, Inmaculada; Rello, Luis; Vilarinho, Laura; Cocho, JoséObjetivo: Determinar a prevalência ao nascimento dos défices da -oxidação mitocondrial dos ácidos gordos na Península Ibérica.
- First Bioaccessibility assessment of patulin in cereal and fruit based baby foods using the harmonized IVD modelPublication . Assunção, Ricardo; Martins, Carla; Tavares, Ana; Alvito, PaulaFood provides nutrients, but also antinutritional components and contaminants. This raises the issue of quantifying the risks associated to a given food. Since the gastrointestinal tract is the most frequent route for food contaminants exposition, the impact of food contaminants in the digestive process, their effects in the intestinal barrier integrity and how these compounds would be available and absorbed must be well characterized and known. Patulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin produced by different species of Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochlamys that can be found in fruit and fruit products, mainly apples and apple products. This work aimed to study, for the first time, PAT’s bioaccessibility in cereal and fruit based baby foods through the harmonized in vitro digestion method developed on the INFOGEST network. For bioaccessibility determination, patulin was identified and quantified by HPLC-UV with Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). Commercial cereal and fruits based baby foods, previously checked not to be contaminated with PAT, were artificially contaminated to 20 µg/kg of patulin and presented bioaccessibility values ranging from 42 % to 65 %. These results are consistent to those reported by Brandon et al. (2006) who referred a bioaccessibility for patulin ranging from 55 % to 100 % in apple products. These results are higher than those previously reported by Assunção et al. (2014) for apple juices, with a mean value of 28%. These are the first preliminary results on patulin bioaccessibility in cereal and fruit based baby foods, using the harmonized in vitro digestion method developed by the INFOGEST network.