Browsing by Author "Veltkamp, Gerlieke"
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- Democratising participatory health promotion: power and knowledge involved in engaging European adolescents in childhood obesity preventionPublication . Baillergeau, Evelyne; Veltkamp, Gerlieke; Bröer, Christian; Helleve, Arnfinn; Kulis, Ewa; Lien, Nanna; Luszczynska, Aleksandra; Mendes, Sofia; Rito, Ana; Moerman, Gerben; Sauvage Nolting, Rein de; Klepp, Knut-IngePublic policy aimed at preventing undesired phenomena has increasingly sought to engage representatives of the target population. Little is known, however, about how power dynamics function to shape the processes and outcomes of risk governance engagement interventions. In order to study the ways in which, and the extent to which, power differentials can be reduced in participatory health promotion initiatives, we develop a conceptual framework synthetising theories of participatory action, phenomenology and governmentality. Based on the empirical research into youth participation in the EU project CO-CREATE, involving 15–19-year-old adolescents in five European countries (2019–2021), we show that diverse forms of knowledge may become available in engagement interventions. We analyse the use and relative inclusion and exclusion of these different forms of knowledge in terms of a three-level framework of different depths of democratisation in participatory health promotion: risk management, risk definition and risk negotiation. Advanced democratisation can only be achieved if risk negotiation is carried out in ways which embrace and encourage a range of different, and potentially conflicting forms of knowing.
- Ethical considerations in engaging young people in European obesity prevention research: The CO‐CREATE experiencePublication . Budin‐Ljøsne, Isabelle; Ayuandini, Sherria; Baillergeau, Evelyne; Bröer, Christian; Helleve, Arnfinn; Klepp, Knut‐Inge; Kysnes, Bjarte; Lien, Nanna; Luszczynska, Aleksandra; Nesrallah, Samantha; Rito, Ana; Rutter, Harry; Samdal, Oddrun; Savona, Natalie; Veltkamp, GerliekeEngaging youth in obesity prevention research and policy action is essential to develop strategies that are relevant and sensitive to their needs. Research with young people requires critical reflection to safeguard their rights, dignity, and wellbeing. The CO-CREATE project used various methods to engage approximately 300 European youth aged 15–19 years in the development of policies to prevent adolescent obesity. This paper discusses ethical considerations made in the project pertaining to the youth's voluntary participation, their protection from obesity stigma, respect for their time, data privacy and confidentiality, power balance, and equality of opportunity to participate in the research. We describe measures implemented to prevent or limit the emergence of ethical challenges in our interaction with youth and discuss their relevance based on our experience with implementation. While some challenges seemingly were prevented, others arose related to the youth's voluntary participation, time burdens on them, and the sustainability of participation under the Covid-19 pandemic. Concrete and ongoing ethical guidance may be useful in projects aiming to interact and build collaborative relationships with youth for long periods of time.
- Identifying the views of adolescents in five European countries on the drivers of obesity using group model buildingPublication . Savona, Natalie; Macauley, Talia; Aguiar, Anaely; Banik, Anna; Boberska, Monika; Brock, Jessica; Brown, Andrew; Hayward, Joshua; Holbæk, Helene; Rito, Ana Isabel; Mendes, Sofia; Vaaheim, Fredrik; van Houten, Marloes; Veltkamp, Gerlieke; Allender, Steven; Rutter, Harry; Knai, CecileBackground: To make effective progress towards a global reduction in obesity prevalence, there needs to be a focus on broader structural factors, beyond individual-level drivers of diet and physical activity. This article describes the use of a systems framework to develop obesity prevention policies with adolescents. The aim of this research was to use the group model building (GMB) method to identify young people's perceptions of the drivers of adolescent obesity in five European countries, as part of the EU-funded Co-Create project. Methods: We used GMB with four groups of 16-18-year-olds in schools in each of the five European countries (The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal and the UK) to create causal loop diagrams (CLDs) representing their perceptions of the drivers of adolescent obesity. The maps were then merged into one, using a new protocol. Results: Two hundred and fifty-seven participants, aged 16-18 years, engaged in 20 separate system mapping groups, each of which generated 1 CLD. The findings were largely congruent between the countries. Three feedback loops in the merged diagram particularly stand out: commercial drivers of unhealthy diets; mental health and unhealthy diets; social media use, body image and motivation to exercise. Conclusions: GMB provides a novel way of eliciting from young people the system-based drivers of obesity that are relevant to them. Mental health issues, social media use and commercial practices were considered by the young people to be key drivers of adolescent obesity, subjects that have thus far had little or no coverage in research and policy.
- Recruiting and engaging adolescents in creating overweight and obesity prevention policies: The CO‐CREATE projectPublication . Bröer, Christian; Ayuandini, Sherria; Baillergeau, Evelyne; Moerman, Gerben; Veltkamp, Gerlieke; Luszczynska, Aleksandra; Budin‐Ljøsne, Isabelle; Rito, Ana Isabel; Stensdal, Maja; Lien, Nanna; Klepp, Knut‐IngeThe CO-CREATE project aims to collaborate with adolescents across Europe in developing policy ideas that contribute to overweight and obesity prevention. In this paper, we present the theoretical basis and methodological approach to recruitment and engagement in the project. The principles of youth-led participatory action research were employed to design Youth Alliances in which adolescents and adults could collaborate. These Alliances should serve to promote and support adolescent participation and to develop policy ideas that would contribute to obesity prevention. Alliance members were recruited in two local geographical areas per country with a focus on reaching out to underrepresented youth. We started with fieldwork to assess locally relevant forms of inclusion and exclusion. The methodology entailed a handbook combining existing tools which could be used flexibly, a collaborative organization, and budgets for the alliances. Engagement started in local organizations, that is, schools and scouts, and with peers. Health- and overweight-related challenges were addressed in their immediate surroundings and supported the inclusion of experiential knowledge. Adolescents were then supported to address the wider obesogenic system when designing policy ideas. The CO-CREATE Alliances provide a concrete example of how to engage youth in public health, in a manner that strives to be participatory, transformative, and inquiry based.