Browsing by Author "Simonsen, Gunnar Skov"
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- Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysisPublication . Cassini, Alessandro; Högberg, Liselotte Diaz; Plachouras, Diamantis; Quattrocchi, Annalisa; Hoxha, Ana; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Colomb-Cotinat, Mélanie; Kretzschmar, Mirjam E.; Devleesschauwer, Brecht; Cecchini, Michele; Ouakrim, Driss Ait; Oliveira, Tiago Cravo; Struelens, Marc J.; Suetens, Carl; Monnet, Dominique L.; Strauss, Reinhild; Mertens, Karl; Struyf, Thomas; Catry, Boudewijn; Latour, Katrien; Ivanov, Ivan N.; Dobreva, Elina G.; Tambic Andraševic, Arjana; Soprek, Silvija; Budimir, Ana; Paphitou, Niki; Žemlicková, Helena; Schytte Olsen, Stefan; Wolff Sönksen, Ute; Märtin, Pille; Ivanova, Marina; Lyytikäinen, Outi; Jalava, Jari; Coignard, Bruno; Eckmanns, Tim; Abu Sin, Muna; Haller, Sebastian; Daikos, George L.; Gikas, Achilleas; Tsiodras, Sotirios; Kontopidou, Flora; Tóth, Ákos; Hajdu, Ágnes; Guólaugsson, Ólafur; Kristinsson, Karl G.; Murchan, Stephen; Burns, Karen; Pezzotti, Patrizio; Gagliotti, Carlo; Dumpis, Uga; Liuimiene, Agne; Perrin, Monique; Borg, Michael A.; de Greeff, Sabine C.; Monen, Jos C.M.; Koek, Mayke B.G.; Elstrøm, Petter; Zabicka, Dorota; Deptula, Aleksander; Hryniewicz, Waleria; Caniça, Manuela; Nogueira, Paulo Jorge; Fernandes, Paulo André; Manageiro, Vera; Popescu, Gabriel A.; Serban, Roxana I.; Schréterová, Eva; Litvová, Slavka; Štefkovicová, Mária; Kolman, Jana; Klavs, Irena; Korošec, Aleš; Aracil, Belén; Asensio, Angel; Pérez-Vázquez, María; Billström, Hanna; Larsson, Sofie; Reilly, Jacqui S.; Johnson, Alan; Hopkins, SusanBackground: Infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria are threatening modern health care. However, estimating their incidence, complications, and attributable mortality is challenging. We aimed to estimate the burden of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria of public health concern in countries of the EU and European Economic Area (EEA) in 2015, measured in number of cases, attributable deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Methods: We estimated the incidence of infections with 16 antibiotic resistance–bacterium combinations from European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) 2015 data that was country-corrected for population coverage. We multiplied the number of bloodstream infections (BSIs) by a conversion factor derived from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control point prevalence survey of health-care-associated infections in European acute care hospitals in 2011–12 to estimate the number of non-BSIs. We developed disease outcome models for five types of infection on the basis of systematic reviews of the literature. Findings: From EARS-Net data collected between Jan 1, 2015, and Dec 31, 2015, we estimated 671 689 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 583 148–763 966) infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, of which 63·5% (426 277 of 671 689) were associated with health care. These infections accounted for an estimated 33 110 (28 480–38 430) attributable deaths and 874 541 (768 837–989 068) DALYs. The burden for the EU and EEA was highest in infants (aged <1 year) and people aged 65 years or older, had increased since 2007, and was highest in Italy and Greece. Interpretation: Our results present the health burden of five types of infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria expressed, for the first time, in DALYs. The estimated burden of infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and EEA is substantial compared with that of other infectious diseases, and has increased since 2007. Our burden estimates provide useful information for public health decision-makers prioritising interventions for infectious diseases.
- Strong correlation between the rates of intrinsically antibiotic-resistant species and the rates of acquired resistance in Gram-negative species causing bacteraemia, EU/EEA, 2016Publication . Jarlier, Vincent; Diaz Högberg, Liselotte; Heuer, Ole E.; Campos, José; Eckmanns, Tim; Giske, Christian G.; Grundmann, Hajo; Johnson, Alan P; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Monen, Jos; Pantosti, Annalisa; Rossolini, Gian Maria; van de Sande-Bruinsma, Nienke; Vatopoulos, Alkiviadis; Żabicka, Dorota; Žemličková, Helena; Monnet, Dominique L.; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; EARS-Net ParticipantsBackground: Antibiotic resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, is a major obstacle for treating bacterial infections.AimOur objective was to compare the country-specific species distribution of the four Gram-negative species Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species and the proportions of selected acquired resistance traits within these species.MethodWe used data reported for 2016 to the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) by 30 countries in the European Union and European Economic Area.ResultsThe country-specific species distribution varied considerably. While E. coli accounted for 31.9% to 81.0% (median: 69.0%) of all reported isolates, the two most common intrinsically resistant species P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. combined (PSEACI) accounted for 5.5% to 39.2% of isolates (median: 10.1%). Similarly, large national differences were noted for the percentages of acquired non-susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. There was a strong positive rank correlation between the country-specific percentages of PSEACI and the percentages of non-susceptibility to the above antibiotics in all four species (rho > 0.75 for 10 of the 11 pairs of variables tested).ConclusionCountries with the highest proportion of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. were also those where the rates of acquired non-susceptibility in all four studied species were highest. The differences are probably related to national differences in antibiotic consumption and infection prevention and control routines.