Percorrer por autor "Rastogi, Nalin"
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- Clonal expansion across the seas as seen through CPLP-TB database: a joint effort in cataloguing Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity in Portuguese-speaking countriesPublication . Perdigão, João; Silva, Carla; Diniz, Jaciara; Pereira, Catarina; Machado, Diana; Ramos, Jorge; Silva, Hugo; Abilleira, Fernanda; Brum, Clarice; Reis, Ana J.; Macedo, Maíra; Scaini, João L.; Silva, Ana B.; Esteves, Leonardo; Macedo, Rita; Maltez, Fernando; Clemente, Sofia; Coelho, Elizabeth; Viegas, Sofia; Rabna, Paulo; Rodrigues, Amabélia; Taveira, Nuno; Jordao, Luísa; Kritski, Afrânio; Silva, José Lapa e; Mokrousov, Igor; Couvin, David; Rastogi, Nalin; Couto, Isabel; Pain, Arnab; McNerney, Ruth; Clark, Taane G.; von Groll, Andrea; Dalla-Costa, Elis R.; Rossetti, Maria Lúcia; Silva, Pedro E.A. da; Viveiros, Miguel; Portugal, IsabelTuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem within the Community of Portuguese Language Speaking Countries (CPLP). Despite the marked variation in TB incidence across its member-states and continued human migratory flux between countries, a considerable gap in the knowledge on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis population structure and strain circulation between the countries still exists. To address this, we have assembled and analyzed the largest CPLP M.tuberculosis molecular and drug susceptibility dataset, comprised by a total of 1447 clinical isolates, including 423 multidrug-resistant isolates, from five CPLP countries. The data herein presented reinforces Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM) strains as the hallmark of M. tuberculosis populational structure in the CPLP coupled with country-specific differential prevalence of minor clades. Moreover, using high-resolution typing by 24-loci MIRU-VNTR, six cross-border genetic clusters were detected, thus supporting recent clonal expansion across the Lusophone space. To make this data available to the scientific community and public health authorities we developed CPLP-TB (available at http://cplp-tb.ff.ulisboa.pt), an online database coupled with web-based tools for exploratory data analysis. As a public health tool, it is expected to contribute to improved knowledge on the M. tuberculosis population structure and strain circulation within the CPLP, thus supporting the risk assessment of strain-specific trends.
- Insights on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis population structure associated with migrants from Portuguese-speaking countries over a three-year period in greater Lisbon, Portugal: Implications at the public health levelPublication . Pereira, Catarina; Gomes, Pedro; Taveira, Ricardo; Silva, Carla; Maltez, Fernando; Macedo, Rita; Costa, Catarina; Couvin, David; Rastogi, Nalin; Viveiros, Miguel; Perdigão, João; Portugal, IsabelTuberculosis among foreign-born patients is a key indicator of country-level epidemiological profiles and, of an increasing concern in Europe given the more intensified migratory waves of refugees. Since Portugal presents a lower immigrant-associated TB incidence rate when compared to other European countries, we sought to characterize the epidemiology and transmission dynamics among the foreign-born population coming from Portuguese-speaking countries that are associated with higher TB incidences. In the present study we analyzed 133 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from foreign-born individuals over a three-year period in Lisbon, Portugal, using molecular epidemiological methods such as spoligotyping and 24-loci MIRU-VNTR. Moreover, all strains were subjected to drug susceptibility testing. The genetic profiles obtained suggest that strain importation from Portuguese speaking countries plays a less important role in TB epidemiology but instead argue in favor of a high degree of penetrance of Portuguese endemic strains to the migrant population, including multidrug resistant strains, which is particularly relevant to active screening programs.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity and drug resistance across Portuguese-speaking countries and CPLP-TB: a novel framework and surveillance tool for the Lusophone communityPublication . Perdigão, João; Silva, Carla; Diniz, Jaciara; Pereira, Catarina; Machado, Diana; Ramos, Jorge; Silva, Hugo; Abilleira, Fernanda; Brum, Clarice; Reis, Ana J.; Macedo, Maíra; Scaini, João L.; Silva, Ana B.; Esteves, Leonardo; Macedo, Rita; Maltez, Fernando; Clemente, Sofia; Coelho, Elizabeth; Viegas, Sofia; Rabna, Paulo; Rodrigues, Amabélia; Taveira, Nuno; Jordão, Luísa; Kritski, Afrânio; Lapa e Silva, José; Mokrousov, Igor; Couvin, David; Rastogi, Nalin; Couto, Isabel; Pain, Arnab; McNerney, Ruth; Clark, Taane G.; von Groll, Andrea; Dalla-Costa, Elis R.; Rossetti, Maria Lúcia; da Silva, Pedro E.A; Viveiros, Miguel; Portugal, IsabelBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem within the Community of Portuguese Language Speaking Countries (CPLP). Despite the marked variation in TB incidence across its member-states and continued human migratory flux between countries, a considerable gap in the knowledge on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis population structure and strain circulation between the countries still exists. Materials and Methods: To address this, we have assembled and analyzed the largest CPLP M. tuberculosis molecular and drug susceptibility dataset, comprised by a total of 1447 clinical isolates, including 423 multidrug-resistant isolates, from five CPLP countries. Genotyping analysis was carried out by 15/24 Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit – Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) and Spoligotyping. Drug Susceptibility testing was performed using standardized BACTEC 960 MGIT methodology or through the resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Results: The data herein presented reinforces Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM) strains as the hallmark of M. tuberculosis populational structure in the CPLP coupled with country-specific differential prevalence of minor clades. Moreover, using high-resolution typing by 24-loci MIRU-VNTR, six cross-border genetic clusters were detected, thus supporting recent clonal expansion across the Lusophone space. To make this data available to the scientific community and public health authorities we developed CPLP-TB (available at http://cplp-tb.ff.ulisboa.pt), an online database coupled with web-based tools for exploratory data analysis. Conclusions: As a public health tool, CPLP-TB is expected to contribute to improved knowledge on the M. tuberculosis population structure and strain circulation within the CPLP, thus supporting risk assessment of strain-specific trends.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis population structure shift in a 5-year molecular epidemiology surveillance follow-upstudy in a low endemic agro-industrial setting in São Paulo, BrazilPublication . Santos, Adolfo Carlos Barreto; Gaspareto, Rosângela Maria; Viana, Brunilde Helena Jung; Mendes, Natália Helena; Pandolfi, José Rodrigo Cláudio; Cardoso, Rosilene Fressatti; Sato, Daisy Nakamura; David, Susana Correia de Matos; Saad, Maria Helena Feres; Rastogi, Nalin; Leite, Clarice Queico FujimuraStarting with 257 outpatients attending the specialized health service for tuberculosis (TB) between 2002 and 2006 in Araraquara, an agro-industrial area with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence in São Paulo state, Brazil, positive mycobacterial cultures were obtained in 130 cases, of which 121 were confirmed as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This report assesses the genetic diversity observed on 69.42% (n = 84) of the clinical isolates, for which both spoligotyping and 12-loci MIRU typing data were fully interpretable. In order to monitor changes in the population dynamics of circulating M. tuberculosis strains over time, spoligotypes were compared from this study (n = 84) with an earlier study from 1998 to 2001 (n = 70 strains); and these two datasets from low-incidence Araraquara area were also compared with a 2-year cohort in the nearby higher-incidence São Paulo city area from 2006 to 2008 (n = 93). The results obtained showed that with 58.3% (49/84) of the strains, the Latin- American-Mediterranean (LAM) was the predominant lineage in the present follow-up study; major patterns being SIT42/LAM9 11.9% (10/84), and SIT20/LAM1 10.7% (9/84). As compared with the 1998–2001 period when 40% (28/70) of the isolates belonged to the ill defined T family, it was replaced by LAM strains between 2002 and 2006 with a visible shift to a population structure characteristic of the metropolitan São Paulo city. Further typing of the follow-up isolates from 2002 to 2006 using 12 loci MIRUs in conjunction with conventional epidemiology did not link this population structure shift to an increase in ongoing transmission or drug-resistance. Instead, it is most probably linked to movements of the important migrant community of Araraquara to higher TB incidence metropolitan areas such as São Paulo city. This is of particular concern owing to the increment in the global burden of LAM strains and the recent association of certain LAM sublineages with multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant TB. These observations suggest the need for further molecular monitoring of the TB population structure and the evaluation of transmission trends amongst migrant workers and other risk groups, such as persons in homeless shelters, in correctional facilities, drug users, and those with HIV infection, etc.