Percorrer por autor "Jorjadze, M."
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- BaSeFood. Nutritional data on traditional foods and analytical data on plant raw materialsPublication . Costa, H.S.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; D’Antuono, L.F.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosov, S.; Hayran, O.; Jorjadze, M.; Karpenko, D.; Finglas, P.Introduction. The Sustainable exploitation of bioactive components from the Black Sea Area traditional foods (BaSeFood) consists of a research consortium of 13 partners [1]. A general objective is to contribute towards the establishment of a rationale for integrating the concept of health-promoting for traditional foods. The specific aim of this study was to produce analytical data detailing the nutritional and bioactive content of selected traditional foods from six Black Sea area countries, and to evaluate the diversity of bioactive compounds content of some plant raw materials. Results. A total of 33 traditional foods from Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine were selected and prioritised in WP1. Within WP2, a list of components for the nutritional composition of each traditional food was prioritised on the basis of (1) inclusion of relevant data in national food composition databases; (2) the most relevant components to be analysed for each food and (3) their importance in relation to the increased risk of diet‐related chronic diseases. The prioritised list of components to be quantified in the selected traditional foods was: water, ash, total protein, total fat, individual fatty acids, total starch, total sugars, total dietary fibre, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Besides the nutritional composition and total polyphenols determination, additional analyses on carotenoids ( carotene, -carotene, -cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein and lycopene) were performed. A common approach on sampling and sample handling of traditional foods using harmonised guidelines was established, for all countries, to ensure that representative food samples would be analysed in order to produce reliable and high quality data [2,3]. The following relevant results were obtained for raw materials. Kales confirmed to be an interesting source of glucobrassicin; variability of glucosinolate, carotenoids and phenolic content was detected. Among primitive wheats, einkorn wheat was the richest in carotenoids and phenolics content, with slightly different sterol composition from the others species. Among oilseeds, sesame was the richest source of sterols and tocols, whereas walnuts were by far the richest in phenolic compounds; the importance of the initial oxidative conditions of raw materials for further processing is stressed. Conclusions. The use of a common methodology to study traditional foods will be essential to maintain the European cultural heritage, thus enabling future generations to experience and enjoy local specialities. Furthermore, this study provides new data on the nutritional composition and bioactive compounds content of the selected traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries in order to elucidate their role in the dietary pattern of each country. Moreover, knowledge base of traditional foods and related plant raw materials from Black Sea Area countries will contribute to promote local biodiversity and sustainable diets, by maintaining healthy dietary patterns within local cultures.
- Carotenoids, vitamins (A, B2, C and E) and total folate of traditional foods from Black Sea Area countriesPublication . Sanches-Silva, A.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Finglas, P.; Ribeiro, T.; Valente, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Trichopoulou, A.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Hayran, O.; Jorjadze, M.; Kaprelyants, L.; Karpenko, D.; D'Antuono, L.F.; Costa, H.S.BACKGROUND: Carotenoids, vitamins (A, B2, C and E) and total folate are related to health promotion. However, there are still many food matrices for which the content of these compounds is not available. In order to fill this gap, traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries (BSAC) were analysed in order to investigate their potential health benefits. RESULTS: The most abundant carotenoid was β-carotene. Plum jam was the sample with the highest β-carotene content (608 μg 100 g−1 edible portion). The group of vegetables and vegetable-based foods contributed most to β-carotene content. Evergreen cherry laurel presented the highest L-ascorbic acid content (29.9 mg 100 g−1 edible portion), while the highest riboflavin and total folate contents were found for roasted sunflower seeds. Approximately 61% of the analysed samples showed quantifiable amounts of α-tocopherol but did not contain retinol. CONCLUSION: Despite the great variability in the content of carotenoids, vitamins and total folate, most of the analysed traditional foods from BSAC can be considered good sources of these compounds. Therefore, owing to their putative health benefits, the consumption of those with higher contents of these compounds should be encouraged and promoted.
- Comparison of proximate data among traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries per food groupPublication . Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Finglas, P.; Trichopoulou, A.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Fedosova, K.; Jorjadze, M.; Karpenko, D.; Koçaoglu, B.; D’Antuono, L.F.; Costa, H.S.Introduction. Traditional foods from 6 Black Sea Area Countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine) were prioritized within the frame of the European Project BaSeFood (Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Components Black Sea Area traditional foods). The selected traditional foods were categorized into 6 food groups: 1) Cereal or cereal based foods; 2) Fruit or fruit based foods; 3) Vegetable or vegetable based foods; 4) Oilseeds or oilseed products; 5) Herbs, spices and aromatic plants; and 6) Low or non-alcoholic fermented products. One of the aims within BaSeFood project was to produce an overview of the nutritional value of each traditional food and compare it among the categorized food groups. Material and methods. The 33 selected traditional foods were prepared according to a recorded traditional recipe, ingredients and traditional preparation methods. The following components were determined: moisture, ash, total nitrogen (for protein), total fat, individual fatty acids, starch, total sugars and dietary fibre for each food. Results. Our results show that vegetables and vegetable based foods; herbs, spices and aromatic plants; and low or non-alcoholic fermented foods and beverages of plant origin were the food groups with the lower energy content mainly due to its high water content (>60.0 g/100 g). Oilseeds or oilseed products were the group that presented the highest mean content of ash (2.23 g/100 g), total protein (15.9 g/100 g) and total fat (72.0 g/100 g). Sour rye bread, which belongs to the cereals and cereal based foods group, contained the highest starch content (66.3 0.55 g/100 g). The highest total sugars content (85.3 0.30 g/100 g) was found in rose jam, a food from the fruit or fruit based foods group. All results are given per 100 g of edible portion. Conclusions. The proximate composition of the selected traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries is important in order to elucidate their role in the dietary pattern of populations and will be useful to include new nutritional data in national food composition databases.
- Definition and documentation of traditional foods of the Black Sea Area Countries: potential nutrition claimsPublication . Dillis, V.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Bondrea, A.; Fedosov, S.; Hayran, O.; Jorjadze, M.; Karpenko, D.; Costa, H.S.; Finglas, P.; Trichopoulou, A.BACKGROUND: Nutrition and health claims are permitted in foods marketed in the European Union under Regulation 1924/2006. Quality products such as traditional foods might benefit from this act, as it can highlight their nutritional richness. In this study the nutritional content of 33 traditional foods from the Black Sea Area Countries was evaluated against the thresholds of the Regulation for nutrition claims. RESULTS: Most of the foods were eligible to bear several nutrition claims, mostly related to their fat, sugar, fiber and sodium content. The average number of claims per traditional food was two, with a range between zero and nine. Overall, about 72 nutrition claims were potentially relevant for the 33 traditional foods studied. Foods linked with the most claims were nuts and seeds. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of traditional foods under this standardized European scheme could be an efficient way to highlight their possible beneficial nutritional properties. The production and marketing of traditional foods could be of benefit to both the health of consumers and the economic viability of producers, especially small- and medium-size enterprises.
- Identification of microorganisms that may contribute to the safety and quality of traditional foods and beverages consumed in the Black Sea regionPublication . Boyko, N.; Levchuk, O.; Mudryk, M.; Kutchak, I.; Dolgikh, A.; Bati, V.; Jorjadze, M.; Karpenko, D.; Sapundzhieva, T.; Alexieva, I.; Hayran, O.; Kocaoglu, B.; Kroon, P.; Costa, H.S.The main aim of the EU-funded BaSeFood project is to invesitgate the healthy properties of traditional foods and beverages of plant origin. Quality and safety of foods are largely dependent of the level of microbial contamination. For this study the majority of plants, as ingredients, of prioritized foods and drinks was obtained and collected from Georgia, Bulgaria, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine. The microbial species (strains) potentially belong to three different categories: (A) beneficial; (B1) detrimental of environment, and (B2) dangerous to human origin (classical “foodborne” pathogens) among all the variety of microbial contaminants that were determined. All isolated microorganisms have been identified with semi-automatic biochemical and serological tests and MULDY techniques. Beneficial species isolated from fresh green parts of plants included mainly Streptococcus lactis (carrot); enterococci, Enterococcus faecalis/faecium (hot pepper) in Bulgarian samples; Actinomyces israeli (kale, Turkey); Bifidobacterium longum (parsley), and Lactobacillus acidophilus (elderly flowers) in Ukrainian samples. The dominating opportunistic pathogenic bacteria (the category B1) belong mainly to species of Klebsiella pneumoniae and oxytoca (rose petals), Enterobacter cloacae (carrot), Proteus vulgaris/mirabilis (sorrel, dill, parsley, Ukraine and Bulgaria), and Str. agalactiae (nettle, corn, Georgia, and Turkey). Isolation of some bacteria (for example Serratia odorifera biogroup 1 and Pantoea agglomerans ) are plant specific. Salmonella typhi were obtained from sorrel (Ukraine), Shigella flexneri ABC from kale, crop and green beans (Turkey), and Listeria monocytogenes from bread (Georgia). The amount of bacteria with potential beneficial properties is significantly increased when selected traditional fermented foods and drinks are assessed: L. fermentum, B. breve and L. acidophylus (in boza), B. dentinum (in fermented beans, Turkey), A. israeli, L. plantarum and casei (kvass, Russia). We have concluded that the amount of beneficial bacteria was significantly less compared with the main dominating group of potentially pathogenic bacteria and foodborne pathogens were rarely found.
- Selected traditional foods from Georgia in the frame of BaSeFood projectPublication . Jorjadze, M.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Finglas, P.; Shatberashvili, E.; Kilasonia, Z.; Ebralidze, L.; Dilis, V.; Vasilopoulou, E.; D’Antuono, L.F.; Costa, H.S.Introduction. Georgia is a small country in the Caucasus which has a variety of regions, which differ greatly from each other. The Georgian cuisine is specific of the country, but it also contains some influences from other Middle Eastern and European culinary traditions, as well as those of the surrounding Western Asia. The cuisine offers a variety of dishes with various herbs and spices. This study was carried out within BaSeFood project (Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Components Black Sea Area traditional foods) and the aim was to determine the nutritional composition of five traditional foods from Georgia. Material and methods. Five traditional foods: tsiteli doli bread, nettles with walnut sauce, churchkhela, flax oil and wild plum sauce were selected and the nutritional composition was determined. The following components: moisture, ash, total nitrogen (for protein), total fat, individual fatty acids, starch, total sugars and dietary fibre were quantified for each food. Results. The energy value for the analysed traditional foods varied between 193 kJ/46 kcal and 3758 kJ/899 kcal, for wild plum sauce and flax oil, respectively. Nettles with walnut sauce have the highest total protein content (9.56 0.26 g/100 g). Besides the oil, the analysed traditional foods with the highest total fat content were churchkhela and nettles with walnut sauce, mainly due to walnuts which is present in both recipes. Flax oil is mainly composed by unsaturated fatty acids (79.8 g/100 g). The highest starch and total dietary fibre concentrations (41.3 0.16 g/100 g and 8.59 0.34 g/100 g, respectively) were found for Tsiteli doli bread. All results are given per 100 g of edible portion. Conclusions. New data on nutritional composition of Georgian traditional foods will enhance the knowledge base on traditional foods which is necessary for the development of exploitation plans and will be useful for their promotion.
- South European Brassica oleracea leafy types: traditional foods and uses in a cross-country, intercultural perspectivePublication . D'Antuono, L.F.; Giambanelli, E.; Costa, H.S.; Sanches-Silva, A.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Koçaoglu, B.; Hayran, O.; Alexieva, I.; Jorjadze, M.Introduction. Brassica oleracea L. is a polymorph species including, besides the more commonly used horticultural types (cauliflower, broccoli, head cabbage, Brussels sprouts), also types which leaves are the more commonly used part. These are mainly referred to as kales, or collards, but also include kohlrabi types, when the leaves are consumed. Kales are typical components of local food systems of many European areas, but are not generally utilised as large scale commercial crops. The rather unique abundance of glucobrassicin, besides that of flavonoids and carotenoids, make them also a potentially interesting health promoting crop. Material and methods. On site surveys were carried out during BaSeFood project, interviewing local respondents, according to qualitative descriptive methods in Italy, Portugal, Turkey, Georgia and Bulgaria. Information about the local populations, growing systems, uses, recipes and health promoting properties perceptions were retrieved. Cross country comparison were carried out. Results. Kales are used in Italy, Portugal and Turkey, whereas the use of kohlrabi leaves is reported in Bulgaria and Georgia. The local populations present a different level of variability; selection is practised by farmers but only in Italy and Portugal some kind of organised seed production seems to occur. In almost all areas, the leaves are used at different stages, as a typical winter vegetable, often representing the only fresh green available during the cool season. Over 40 traditional recipes were recorded and critically compared. They combine locally available ingredients and, in almost all cases, they represent a main course: use of kales as side dish does not belong to tradition. Kales are exploited at commercial level especially in Italy, and to a lesser extend in Portugal; these cases may represent an example for other situations. The local perception of health promoting value is very low. Conclusions. As a whole leafy forms of Brassica oleracea can be considered a very significant example of traditional crops with potential of exploitation. They are highly adaptable to local conditions but also sufficiently plastic to be fitted to more intensive exploitation systems. This flexibility represents a possibility for the preservation of local populations, together with the selection of stabilised varieties. Kale recipes also represent a typical example of how traditional foods make use of what available, are intrinsically variable and are difficult to define in terms of quality and quantity of ingredients. Kales are also a good example of how new knowledge of potential health promoting properties can enhance the interest on traditional crops and foods.
- The potential of traditional foods from Black Sea Area as source of vitamins and bioactive compoundsPublication . Sanches-Silva, A.; Albuquerque, T.G.; Finglas, P.; Vasilopoulou, E.; Dilis, V.; Alexieva, I.; Boyko, N.; Costea, C.; Hayran, O.; Jorjadze, M.; Kaprelyants, L.; Karpenko, D.; D’Antuono, L.; Costa, H.S.Introduction. In the last years, great attention has been devoted to the study of bioactive compounds in order to prevent or delay the onset of chronic diseases. This work aims to study the carotenoid, vitamins and total folate content of the traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries (BSAC) that have been prioritised in the frame of the BaSeFood project. Material and methods. Carotenoids and vitamins A and E were quantified by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography with diode array detection (DAD). In order to quantify L ascorbic acid and vitamin B2, samples were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with DAD and fluorescence detection, respectively. The total folate content in foods was carried out by a microbiological assay. Results. From the analysed BSAC foods, 12 (43%) contained lycopene. The foods with highest lycopene content were watermelon juice, sautéed picked green beans and Ukrainian borsch (235 19.9, 176 48.3 and 166 1.01 µg/100 g, respectively). Rodopian dried beans from the group of vegetables and vegetable based foods presented the highest α-carotene content (167.8 18.0 µg/100 g). Among the analysed traditional foods, 15 (54%) contained β-carotene. The highest β-carotene content (608 52.4 µg/100 g) was found in plums jam, followed by kale soup (538 51.4 µg/100 g). Vitamin C was quantified in only 5 of the analysed foods, with fruit of the evergreen cherry laurel (29.9 mg/100 g) having the highest content. The traditional food from BSAC with higher concentration in vitamins B2, E and total folate was roasted sunflower seeds (0.19 0.02 mg/100 g, 6.0 0.99 mg/100 g and 113 µg/100 g, respectively). All results are given per 100 g of edible portion. Conclusions. Despite the great variability on the content of carotenoids and vitamins, most of the analysed traditional foods from BSAC can be considered good sources of these health promoting compounds.