Browsing by Author "Giske, Christian G."
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- Occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in the European survey of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EuSCAPE): a prospective, multinational studyPublication . Grundmann, Hajo; Glasner, Corinna; Albiger, Barbara; Aanensen, David M.; Tomlinson, Chris T.; Andrasević, Arjana Tambić; Cantón, Rafael; Carmeli, Yehuda; Friedrich, Alexander W.; Giske, Christian G.; Glupczynski, Youri; Gniadkowski, Marek; Livermore, David M.; Nordmann, Patrice; Poirel, Laurent; Rossolini, Gian M.; Seifert, Harald; Vatopoulos, Alkiviadis; Walsh, Timothy; Woodford, Neil; Monnet, Dominique L.; EuSCAPE Working Group; Koraqi, A..; Lacej, D.; Apfalter, P.; Hartl, R.; Glupczynski, Y.; Huang, T.D.; Strateva, T; Marteva-Proevska, Y.; Tambic, Andrasevic A.; Butic, I.; Pieridou-Bagatzouni, D.; Maikanti-Charalampous, P.; Hrabak, J.; Zemlickova, H.; Hammerum, A.; Jakobsen, L.; Ivanova, M.; Pavelkovich, A.; Jalava, J.; Österblad, M.; Dortet, L.; Vaux, S.; Kaase, M.; Gatermann, S.G.; Vatopoulos, A.; Tryfinopoulou, K.; Tóth, A.; Jánvári, L.; Boo, T.W.; McGrath, E.; Carmeli, Y.; Adler, A.; Pantosti, A.; Monaco, M.; Raka, L.; Kurti, A.; Balode, A.; Saule, M.; Miciuleviciene, J.; Mierauskaite, A.; Perrin -Weniger, M.; Reichert, P.; Nestorova, N.; Debattista, S.; Mijovic, G.; Lopicic, M.; Samuelsen, Ø.; Haldorsen, B.J.; Żabicka, D.; Literacka, E.; Caniça, M.; Manageiro, V.; Kaftandzieva, A.; Trajkovska-Dokic, E.; Damian, M.; Lixandru, B.; Jelesic, Z.; Trudic, A.; Niks, M.; Schreterova, E.; Pirs, M.; Cerar, T.; Oteo, J.; Aracil, B.; Giske, C.; Sjöström, K.; Gür, D.; Cakar, A.; Woodford, N.; Hopkins, K.; Wiuff, C.; Brown, D.J.BACKGROUND: Gaps in the diagnostic capacity and heterogeneity of national surveillance and reporting standards in Europe make it difficult to contain carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. We report the development of a consistent sampling framework and the results of the first structured survey on the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in European hospitals. METHODS: National expert laboratories recruited hospitals with diagnostic capacities, who collected the first ten carbapenem non-susceptible clinical isolates of K pneumoniae or E coli and ten susceptible same-species comparator isolates and pertinent patient and hospital information. Isolates and data were relayed back to national expert laboratories, which made laboratory-substantiated information available for central analysis. FINDINGS: Between Nov 1, 2013, and April 30, 2014, 455 sentinel hospitals in 36 countries submitted 2703 clinical isolates (2301 [85%] K pneumoniae and 402 (15%) E coli). 850 (37%) of 2301 K pneumoniae samples and 77 (19%) of 402 E coli samples were carbapenemase (KPC, NDM, OXA-48-like, or VIM) producers. The ratio of K pneumoniae to E coli was 11:1. 1·3 patients per 10 000 hospital admissions had positive clinical specimens. Prevalence differed greatly, with the highest rates in Mediterranean and Balkan countries. Carbapenemase-producing K pneumoniae isolates showed high resistance to last-line antibiotics. INTERPRETATION: This initiative shows an encouraging commitment by all participants, and suggests that challenges in the establishment of a continent-wide enhanced sentinel surveillance for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaeceae can be overcome. Strengthening infection control efforts in hospitals is crucial for controlling spread through local and national health care networks.
- Strong correlation between the rates of intrinsically antibiotic-resistant species and the rates of acquired resistance in Gram-negative species causing bacteraemia, EU/EEA, 2016Publication . Jarlier, Vincent; Diaz Högberg, Liselotte; Heuer, Ole E.; Campos, José; Eckmanns, Tim; Giske, Christian G.; Grundmann, Hajo; Johnson, Alan P; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Monen, Jos; Pantosti, Annalisa; Rossolini, Gian Maria; van de Sande-Bruinsma, Nienke; Vatopoulos, Alkiviadis; Żabicka, Dorota; Žemličková, Helena; Monnet, Dominique L.; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; EARS-Net ParticipantsBackground: Antibiotic resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, is a major obstacle for treating bacterial infections.AimOur objective was to compare the country-specific species distribution of the four Gram-negative species Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species and the proportions of selected acquired resistance traits within these species.MethodWe used data reported for 2016 to the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) by 30 countries in the European Union and European Economic Area.ResultsThe country-specific species distribution varied considerably. While E. coli accounted for 31.9% to 81.0% (median: 69.0%) of all reported isolates, the two most common intrinsically resistant species P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. combined (PSEACI) accounted for 5.5% to 39.2% of isolates (median: 10.1%). Similarly, large national differences were noted for the percentages of acquired non-susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. There was a strong positive rank correlation between the country-specific percentages of PSEACI and the percentages of non-susceptibility to the above antibiotics in all four species (rho > 0.75 for 10 of the 11 pairs of variables tested).ConclusionCountries with the highest proportion of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. were also those where the rates of acquired non-susceptibility in all four studied species were highest. The differences are probably related to national differences in antibiotic consumption and infection prevention and control routines.