Browsing by Author "Belo, Joana"
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- Avaliação de idosos institucionalizados por espirometria e condensado brônquico do ar exalado: efeitos da exposição ambientalPublication . Belo, Joana; Carreiro-Martins, Pedro; Papoila, Ana Luísa; Palmeiro, Teresa; Caires, Iolanda; Alves, Marta; Nogueira, Susana; Aguiar, Fátima; Mendes, Ana; Cano, Manuela; Botelho, Maria A.; Neuparth, NunoNo estudo geriátrico dos efeitos na saúde da qualidade do ar interior em lares da 3.ª idade de Portugal (GERIA) foi estabelecido como objetivo principal de estudar os efeitos da qualidade do ar interior (IAQ) de equipamentos residenciais para pessoas idosos (ERPI) na saúde respiratória de idosos institucionalizados. Um total de 269 idosos responderam a um questionário elaborado pela equipa de investigadores do projeto GERIA, realizaram uma espirometria e a 150 idosos foi recolhida uma amostra de condensado brônquico exalado (EBC), para análise do respetivo pH e concentração de nitritos. Em relação aos dados sociodemográficos destaca se uma média de idade de 81,9±7,5 anos e uma maioria (70,6%) de idosos do sexo feminino. Relativamente aos resultados da espirometria, observou se que 14,5% apresentaram uma obstrução das vias aéreas. Os valores medianos das concentrações dos poluentes ambientais não revelaram uma concentração acima do referencial de segurança, porém foram observados valores máximos elevados e acima desse referencial. Da análise multivariada verificou se que cada incremento de 100 µg/m3 nos compostos orgânicos voláteis (TVOCS) se encontrava associado positiva mente a possibilidade acrescida dos idosos terem reportado infeção respiratória nos últimos três meses (=1.05; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.09). Verificou se que o valor do pH diminuía com uma maior exposição a PM2,5 (= 0.04, 95%: 0.06 to 0.01e por cada aumento de 10 µg/m3). No que concerne à exposição a bactérias, verificou se que esta se associava positivamente à possibilidade dos idosos terem uma FVC diminuída (= 0,53, 95%: 0,87 a 0,20) e uma relação FEV1 /FVC aumentada (=0,22, 95%:0,08 a 0,37)
- Relationship between nitrate concentration in exhaled breath condensate and indoor air quality - ENVIRH studyPublication . Caires, Iolanda; Martins, Pedro; Marques, José; Belo, Joana; Pedro, Catarina; Cano, Manuela; Neuparth, NunoINTRODUCTION: Children spend a significant time of their days indoors, making it more susceptible to respiratory problems. Studies evaluating the relations between individual exposure to indoor pollutants and airways behavior are scarce. The evaluation of metabolites of nitric oxide (NO), namely nitrates (NO3-) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), is a good biomarker of airways inflammation. Objective: Evaluate the relationship between the NO3- concentration in EBC of children attending children day care centers and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) assessed on those institutions. METHODOLOGY: At the 2nd phase of ENVIRH project, samplings of EBC were collected, using a disposable device (RTube), from a group of children in preschool age, attending day care centers within the city of Lisbon. After sampling collection, the samples were frozen at -40°C. For the NO3- measure in the EBC, a chemiluminescence analyzer (Sievers 280i NOATM) was used. From the IAQ analyzed parameters, we highlight the PM10, VOCs, mites, fungi, bacteria, temperature and relative humidity. For data analysis, two logistic random-intercept models were used. RESULTS: We collected 100 samples of EBC in children at preschool age, with a mean age of 5.0±0.6 years. 57% of the subjects were male. The average occupancy of school rooms was 19.73±3.97 children. The NO3- in EBC mean values were 4.42±1.60 μmol and VOCs median values were 200 μg/m3 (P25-P75: 82-436 μg/m3). When analyzing the association between IAQ parameters and bronchial inflammation, it was only found an association between VOCs and NO3-: regression coefficient ( ) = 0.32, IC 95%: 0.11 to 0.53, p=0.003. Conclusion: At this study, VOCs were the only IAQ parameter significantly associated with NO3- in EBC, as biomarker of bronchial inflammation. Grant from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia – ENVIRH Project PTDC/SAUESA/ 100275/2008.
- The impact of indoor air quality on respiratory health of older people living in nursing homes: spirometric and exhaled breath condensate assessmentsPublication . Belo, Joana; Carreiro-Martins, Pedro; Papoila, Ana L.; Palmeiro, Teresa; Caires, Iolanda; Alves, Marta; Nogueira, Susana; Aguiar, Fátima; Mendes, Ana; Cano, Manuela; Botelho, Maria A.; Neuparth, NunoIn the Portuguese Geriatric Study of the Health Effects of Indoor Air Quality in Senior Nursing Homes, we aimed to evaluate the impact of indoor air contaminants on the respiratory symptoms and biomarkers in a sample of elderly living in nursing homes. A total of 269 elderly answered a health questionnaire, performed a spirometry and 150 out of these collected an exhaled breath condensate sample for pH and nitrites analysis. The study included the evaluation of indoor chemical and microbiological contaminants. The median age of the participants was 84 (78-87) years and 70.6% were women. The spirometric data indicated the presence of airway obstruction in 14.5% of the sample. Median concentrations of air pollutants did not exceed the existing standards, although increased peak values were observed. In the multivariable analysis, each increment of 100 µg/m3 of total volatile organic compounds was associated with the odds of respiratory infection in the previous three months ( OR̂ =1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09). PM2.5 concentrations were inversely associated with pH values ( β̂ = -0.04, 95%: -0.06 to -0.01, for each increment of 10 µg/m3). Additionally, a direct and an inverse association were found between total bacteria and FEV1/FVC and FVC, respectively.