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- Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of Klebsiella spp. and Raoultella spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic OutcomePublication . Sabença, Carolina; de la Rivière, Rani; Barros, Paulo; Cabral, João Alexandre; Sargo, Roberto; Sousa, Luís; Dapkevicius, Maria de Lurdes Enes; Silva, Filipe; Lopes, Filipa; Abrantes, Ana Carolina; Vieira-Pinto, Madalena; Caniça, Manuela; Igrejas, Gilberto; Torres, Carmen; Poeta, PatríciaOne of the significant challenges facing modern medicine is the rising rate of antibiotic resistance, which impacts public health, animal health, and environmental preservation. Evaluating antibiotic resistance in wildlife and their environments is crucial, as it offers essential insights into the dynamics of resistance patterns and promotes strategies for monitoring, prevention, and intervention. and genera isolates were recovered from fecal samples of wild animals and environmental samples using media without antibiotic supplementation. Antibiograms were performed for 15 antibiotics to determine the phenotypic resistance profile in these isolates. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was tested by the double-disc synergy test, and one ESBL-producing isolate was screened by PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Biofilm production was analyzed using the microtiter plate method. A total of 23 spp. and 3 spp. isolates were obtained from 312 fecal samples from wild animals, 9 spp. and 4 spp. isolates were obtained from 18 river and stream water samples, and 4 spp. and 3 spp. isolates from 48 soil samples. Regarding antibiotic resistance, only one isolate of from soil samples was an ESBL-producer and showed resistance to six antibiotics. This isolate harbored multiple β-lactams genes (, , , and ), as well as genes of resistance to quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol, and belonged to the lineage ST307. Most of the spp. and spp. isolates were biofilm producers (except for one isolate), and 45.6% were weak biofilm producers, with the remaining being moderate to strong biofilm producers. We can conclude that antibiotic resistance is not widespread in these environment-associated isolates, which is a positive epidemiological outcome. However, identifying a single ESBL- isolate should serve as a warning of potential hotspots of resistance emergence.
- Bats as Hosts of Antimicrobial-Resistant Mammaliicoccus lentus and Staphylococcus epidermidis with Zoonotic RelevancePublication . Silva, Vanessa; Caniça, Manuela; de la Rivière, Rani; Barros, Paulo; Cabral, João Alexandre; Poeta, Patrícia; Igrejas, GilbertoBats are increasingly recognized as reservoirs for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, playing a potential role in the dissemination of resistance genes across species and regions. In this study, 105 bats from 19 species in Portugal were sampled to investigate the presence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic characteristics of Mammaliicoccus and Staphylococcus isolates. Thirteen Mammaliicoccus lentus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were recovered. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance in three isolates, with S. epidermidis carrying mph(C), msr(A), and dfrC genes, and M. lentus harboring salB, tet(K), and str. Notably, qacA was detected in S. epidermidis, highlighting its plasmid-associated potential for horizontal gene transfer to more pathogenic bacteria. Heavy metal resistance genes (arsB and cadD) were also identified, suggesting the role of environmental factors in co-selecting antimicrobial resistance. Molecular typing revealed the S. epidermidis strain as ST297, a clone associated with both healthy humans and invasive infections. These findings emphasize the need for monitoring bats as reservoirs of resistance determinants, particularly in the context of zoonotic and environmental health. The presence of mobile genetic elements and plasmids further underscores the potential for the dissemination of resistance. This study reinforces the importance of adopting a One Health approach to mitigate the risks associated with antimicrobial resistance.