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Risk Factors for Primary Clostridium difficile Infection; Results From the Observational Study of Risk Factors for Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Patients With Infective Diarrhea (ORCHID)

2020-07-17Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorDavies, Kerrie
dc.contributor.authorLawrence, Jody
dc.contributor.authorBerry, Claire
dc.contributor.authorDavis, Georgina
dc.contributor.authorYu, Holly
dc.contributor.authorCai, Bing
dc.contributor.authorGonzalez, Elisa
dc.contributor.authorPrantner, Ida
dc.contributor.authorKurcz, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorMacovei, Ioana
dc.contributor.authorPituch, Hanna
dc.contributor.authorNováková, Elena
dc.contributor.authorNyč, Otakar
dc.contributor.authorGärtner, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorBerger, Fabian K.
dc.contributor.authorOleastro, Monica
dc.contributor.authorCornely, Oliver A.
dc.contributor.authorVehreschild, Maria J.G.T.
dc.contributor.authorPedneault, Louise
dc.contributor.authorWilcox, Mark
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-05T15:40:54Z
dc.date.available2021-04-05T15:40:54Z
dc.date.issued2020-07-17
dc.descriptionObservational Study
dc.description.abstractBackground: There are inconsistent data on the risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in the literature. Aims: To use two C. difficile infection (CDI) case-control study groups to compare risk factors in hospitalized patients with diarrhea across different countries. Methods: A multi-center group of CDI cases/controls were identified by standardized testing from seven countries from the prior EUropean, multi-center, prospective bi-annual point prevalence study of CLostridium difficile Infection in hospitalized patients with Diarrhea (EUCLID). A second group of CDI cases/controls was identified from a single center in Germany [parallel study site (PSS)]. Data were extracted from the medical notes to assess CDI risk factors. Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify and compare risk factors between the two groups. Results: There were 253 and 158 cases and 921 and 584 controls in the PSS and EUCLID groups, respectively. Significant variables from univariate analyses in both groups were age ≥65, number of antibiotics (OR 1.2 for each additional antibiotic) and prior hospital admission (all p < 0.001). Congestive heart failure, diabetes, admission from assisted living or Emergency Department, proton pump inhibitors, and chronic renal disease were significant in PSS (all p < 0.05) but not EUCLID. Dementia and admitted with other bacterial diseases were significant in EUCLID (p < 0.05) but not PSS. Following multivariate analyses, age ≥ 65, number of antibiotics and prior hospital admission were consistently identified as CDI risk factors in each individual group and combined datasets. Conclusion: Our results show that the same CDI risk factors were identified across datasets. These were age ≥ 65 years, antibiotic use and prior hospital admission. Importantly, the odds of developing CDI increases with each extra antibiotic prescribed.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThe present study was supported by a research grant from Pfizer Inc. The original EUCLID study was initiated and wholly supported financially by Astellas Pharmaceuticals Europept_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationFront Public Health. 2020 Jul 17;8:293. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00293. eCollection 2020.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpubh.2020.00293pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2296-2565
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/7635
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediapt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00293/fullpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectClostridium difficilept_PT
dc.subjectAntibioticspt_PT
dc.subjectCase Control Studypt_PT
dc.subjectIn-Patientspt_PT
dc.subjectRisk Factorpt_PT
dc.subjectInfecções Gastrointestinaispt_PT
dc.titleRisk Factors for Primary Clostridium difficile Infection; Results From the Observational Study of Risk Factors for Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Patients With Infective Diarrhea (ORCHID)pt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.startPage293pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Public Healthpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume8pt_PT
rcaap.embargofctAcesso de acordo com política editorial da revista.pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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