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Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal

2015Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorRufo, João Cavaleiro
dc.contributor.authorMadureira, Joana
dc.contributor.authorPaciência, Inês
dc.contributor.authorSlezakova, Klara
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Maria do Carmo
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Cristiana
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira, João Paulo
dc.contributor.authorPinto, Mariana
dc.contributor.authorMoreira, André
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira
dc.date.accessioned2016-10-19T13:34:09Z
dc.date.available2016-10-19T13:34:09Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractChildren spend a large part of their time at schools, which might be reflected as chronic exposure. Ultrafine particles (UFP) are generally associated with a more severe toxicity compared to fine and coarse particles, due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes. In addition, children tend to be more susceptible to UFP-mediated toxicity compared to adults, due to various factors including undeveloped immune and respiratory systems and inhalation rates. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine indoor UFP number concentrations in Portuguese primary schools. Ultrafine particles were sampled between January and March 2014 in 10 public primary schools (35 classrooms) located in Porto, Portugal. Overall, the average indoor UFP number concentrations were not significantly different from outdoor concentrations (8.69 × 10(3) vs. 9.25 × 10(3) pt/cm(3), respectively; considering 6.5 h of indoor occupancy). Classrooms with distinct characteristics showed different trends of indoor UFP concentrations. The levels of carbon dioxide were negatively correlated with indoor UFP concentrations. Occupational density was significantly and positively correlated with UFP concentrations. Although the obtained results need to be interpreted with caution since there are no guidelines for UFP levels, special attention needs to be given to source control strategies in order to reduce major particle emissions and ensure good indoor air quality.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was performed in the framework of the ARIA project financed by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (PTDC/DTP-PA/1522/2012, FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-028709), the project “E2BE” (NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000036) financed by the Portuguese CCDR-N through the European Union FEDER programme, and the fellowship SFRH/BPD/65722/2009.pt_PT
dc.identifier.citationJ Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015;78(13-14):904-14. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1048866.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/15287394.2015.1048866pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1528-7394
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/4054
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherTaylor & Francispt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15287394.2015.1048866?scroll=top&needAccess=truept_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectAir Pollutantspt_PT
dc.subjectAir Pollutionpt_PT
dc.subjectChildpt_PT
dc.subjectEnvironmental Monitoringpt_PT
dc.subjectHumanspt_PT
dc.subjectParticulate Matterpt_PT
dc.subjectPortugalpt_PT
dc.subjectInhalation Exposurept_PT
dc.subjectParticle Sizept_PT
dc.subjectSchoolspt_PT
dc.subjectIndoorpt_PT
dc.subjectAr e Saúde Ocupacionalpt_PT
dc.subjectPortugal
dc.titleExposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugalpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876-PPCDTI/PTDC%2FDTP-SAP%2F1522%2F2012/PT
oaire.citation.endPage914pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage904pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issuespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume78(13-14)pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream5876-PPCDTI
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublicationcb7ec03c-4da8-4ca0-af36-56a7dc713938
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoverycb7ec03c-4da8-4ca0-af36-56a7dc713938

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