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Medwakh smoking induces alterations in salivary proteins and cytokine expression: a clinical exploratory proteomics investigation

2025-01-17Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
dc.contributor.authorAghila Rani, K.G.
dc.contributor.authorSoares, Nelson C.
dc.contributor.authorRahman, Betul
dc.contributor.authorGiddey, Alexander D.
dc.contributor.authorAl-Hroub, Hamza M.
dc.contributor.authorSemreen, Mohammad H.
dc.contributor.authorAl Kawas, Sausan
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-12T16:54:53Z
dc.date.available2026-01-12T16:54:53Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-17
dc.description.abstractBackground: Medwakh smoking has radically expanded among youth in the Middle East and around the world. The rising popularity of medwakh/dokha usage is linked to the onset of several chronic illnesses including cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Medwakh smoking is reported to increase the risk of inflammation in the lower respiratory tract owing to oxidative burden. To date, there are no reported studies investigating the impact of medwakh smoking on salivary protein profile. The current study aims to elucidate alterations in the salivary proteome profile of medwakh smokers. Methods: Saliva samples collected from 33 medwakh smokers and 30 non-smokers were subjected to proteomic analysis using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Saliva samples were further subjected to validatory experiments involving analysis of inflammatory cytokine profile using LEGENDplex™ Human Essential Immune Response Panel. Results: Statistical analysis revealed alterations in the abundance of 74 key proteins including immune mediators and inflammatory markers in medwakh smokers (Accession: PXD045901). Proteins involved in building oxidative stress, alterations in cell anchorage, and cell metabolic processes were enhanced in medwakh smokers. Salivary immune response evaluation further validated the proteome findings, revealing significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-23, IFN-γ (Th1 cytokines), IL-6 (Th2 cytokine), and MCP-1 (chemokine) in medwakh smokers. In addition, a substantial increase in abundance of involucrin suggesting a plausible stratified squamous cell differentiation and increased cell lysis in the oral cavity of medwakh smokers akin to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The protein-metabolite joint pathway analysis further showed significantly enriched differentially expressed proteins and metabolites of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate, fructose and mannose, nicotinate and nicotinamide, and glutathione metabolism pathways among medwakh smokers. Conclusions: The findings of the study provide valuable insights on potential perturbations in various key immune molecules, cytokines, and signaling pathways among medwakh smokers. Medwakh smokers displayed elevated inflammation, increased oxidative stress and defective antioxidant responses, dysregulated energy metabolism, and alterations in proteins related to cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and proliferation. The findings of study underscore the urgent need for comprehensive public health interventions among youth by raising awareness, implementing effective smoking cessation programs, and promoting healthy lifestyle to safeguard the well-being of individuals and communities worldwide.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding resources from the Al Jalila Foundation for Medical Research, UAE (grant no. AJF2018014) awarded to Prof. Sausan Al Kawas, and competitive grant number 2001110138 funded by the University of Sharjah to Prof. Mohammad Semreen.
dc.identifier.citationClin Proteomics. 2025 Jan 17;22(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12014-024-09520-6
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12014-024-09520-6
dc.identifier.eissn1559-0275
dc.identifier.issn1542-6416
dc.identifier.pmid39819313
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/10681
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherBioMed Central
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12014-024-09520-6
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectMedwakh Smoking
dc.subjectCell Metabolism
dc.subjectInvolucrin
dc.subjectSalivary Immnune Response
dc.subjectOxidative Stress
dc.subjectSalivary Proteomics
dc.subjectGenómica Funcional e Estrutural
dc.titleMedwakh smoking induces alterations in salivary proteins and cytokine expression: a clinical exploratory proteomics investigationeng
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.referenceshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/instance/11740365/bin/12014_2024_9520_MOESM1_ESM.docx
dcterms.referenceshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/instance/11740365/bin/12014_2024_9520_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx
dcterms.referenceshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/instance/11740365/bin/12014_2024_9520_MOESM3_ESM.xlsx
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage2
oaire.citation.titleClinical Proteomics
oaire.citation.volume22
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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