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Mpox Surveillance and Laboratory Response in Portugal: Lessons Learned from Three Outbreak Waves (2022-2025)

2025-07-21Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorCordeiro, Rita
dc.contributor.authorFrancisco, Rafaela
dc.contributor.authorPelerito, Ana
dc.contributor.authorLopes de Carvalho, Isabel
dc.contributor.authorNuncio, MS
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-06T15:15:43Z
dc.date.available2026-02-06T15:15:43Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-21
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: Mpox re-emerged in 2022 as a global health concern. Between 2022 and 2025, Portugal experienced three distinct outbreak waves, highlighting the critical role of laboratory surveillance and public health interventions. This study describes the epidemiological trends, diagnostic performance, and key lessons learned to improve outbreak preparedness. Methods: A total of 5610 clinical samples from 2802 suspected cases were analyzed at the National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge using real-time PCR methods. Positivity rates and viral loads (Ct values) were assessed across different clinical specimen types, including lesion, anal, oropharyngeal swabs, and urine samples. Results: Mpox was confirmed in 1202 patients. The first outbreak accounted for 79.3% of cases (n = 953), followed by a significant reduction in transmission during subsequent waves. Lesion and rectal swabs provided the highest diagnostic sensitivity (95.1% and 87.9%, respectively). Oropharyngeal swabs contributed to diagnosis in cases without visible lesions, while urine samples showed limited utility. Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of sustained laboratory surveillance and adaptive public health strategies in controlling mpox outbreaks. Optimizing specimen collection enhances diagnostic accuracy, supporting early detection. Continuous monitoring, combined with targeted vaccination and effective risk communication, is essential to prevent resurgence and ensure rapid response in non-endemic regions.eng
dc.identifier.citationInfect Dis Rep. 2025 Jul 21;17(4):86. doi: 10.3390/idr17040086
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/idr17040086 Abstract
dc.identifier.eissn2036-7449
dc.identifier.issn2036-7430
dc.identifier.pmid40700332
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/10836
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/17/4/86
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectMpox
dc.subjectOutbreak Control
dc.subjectPublic Health Response
dc.subjectDiagnostics
dc.subjectSpecimen Types
dc.subjectSurveillance
dc.subjectPortugal
dc.subjectInfecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses
dc.titleMpox Surveillance and Laboratory Response in Portugal: Lessons Learned from Three Outbreak Waves (2022-2025)eng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage9
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.startPage86
oaire.citation.titleInfectious Disease Reports
oaire.citation.volume17
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameCordeiro
person.familyNamePelerito
person.familyNameLopes de Carvalho
person.familyNameNúncio
person.givenNameRita
person.givenNameAna
person.givenNameIsabel
person.givenNameMaria Sofia
person.identifierZ-1027-2018
person.identifier.ciencia-idB518-A367-B8B7
person.identifier.ciencia-id2314-0ED4-2424
person.identifier.ciencia-id5E12-F1E2-CAE3
person.identifier.ciencia-idC715-3703-B77D
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5321-3657
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4770-9079
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4693-3952
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5182-6150
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd94520e0-9d10-4302-af83-58afc79f152a
relation.isAuthorOfPublication2549bb45-5cb4-4f25-b549-a4bd47126e10
relation.isAuthorOfPublication694de188-6bdf-4129-82ac-7f4e00edfad7
relation.isAuthorOfPublicatione4e97d6a-e2ff-4078-bcdd-f31706151251
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd94520e0-9d10-4302-af83-58afc79f152a

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