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Molecular epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in companion animals: Genetic overlap with human strains and public health concerns

2023-01-06Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorAlves, Frederico
dc.contributor.authorCastro, Rita
dc.contributor.authorPinto, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorNunes, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorPomba, Constança
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Manuela
dc.contributor.authorSilveira, Leonor
dc.contributor.authorGomes, João Paulo
dc.contributor.authorOleastro, Mónica
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-06T09:53:31Z
dc.date.available2023-10-06T09:53:31Z
dc.date.issued2023-01-06
dc.descriptionFront. Public Health, Sec. Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Preventionpt_PT
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: The changing epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile reflects a well-established and intricate community transmission network. With rising numbers of reported community-acquired infections, recent studies tried to identify the role played by non-human reservoirs in the pathogen's transmission chain. This study aimed at describing the C. difficile strains circulating in canine and feline populations, and to evaluate their genetic overlap with human strains to assess the possibility of interspecies transmission. Methods: Fecal samples from dogs (n = 335) and cats (n = 140) were collected from two populations (group A and group B) in Portugal. C. difficile isolates were characterized for toxigenic profile and PCR-ribotyping. The presence of genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance was assessed in all phenotypically resistant isolates. To evaluate the genetic overlap between companion animals and human isolates from Portugal, RT106 (n = 42) and RT014/020 (n = 41) strains from both sources were subjected to whole genome sequencing and integrated with previously sequenced RT106 (n = 43) and RT014/020 (n = 142) genomes from different countries. The genetic overlap was assessed based on core-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using a threshold of 2 SNP. Results: The overall positivity rate for C. difficile was 26% (76/292) in group A and 18.6% (34/183) in group B. Toxigenic strains accounted for 50% (38/76) and 52.9% (18/34) of animal carriage rates, respectively. The most prevalent ribotypes (RT) were the toxigenic RT106 and RT014/020, and the non-toxigenic RT010 and RT009. Antimicrobial resistance was found for clindamycin (27.9%), metronidazole (17.1%) and moxifloxacin (12.4%), associated with the presence of the ermB gene, the pCD-METRO plasmid and point mutations in the gyrA gene, respectively. Both RT106 and RT014/020 genetic analysis revealed several clusters integrating isolates from animal and human sources, supporting the possibility of clonal interspecies transmission or a shared environmental contamination source. Discussion: This study shows that companion animals may constitute a source of infection of toxigenic and antimicrobial resistant human associated C. difficile isolates. Additionally, it contributes with important data on the genetic proximity between C. difficile isolates from both sources, adding new information to guide future work on the role of animal reservoirs in the establishment of community associated transmission networks and alerting for potential public health risk.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshiphis work was supported by funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No 773830: One Health European Joint Programme, as part of FED-AMR project (JRP15- R2-AMR2.2-FED-AMR). FA and RC were recipients of fellowships from the same programme on behalf of FED-AMR project. we thank CIISA and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia Project UIB/00276/2020 and LA/P/0059/2020–AL4animals for the collaborationpt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationFront Public Health. 2023 Jan 6:10:1070258. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1070258. eCollection 2022.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpubh.2022.1070258pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2296-2565
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/8658
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediapt_PT
dc.relationPromoting One Health in Europe through joint actions on foodborne zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance and emerging microbiological hazards.
dc.relationCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1070258/fullpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectClostridioides difficilept_PT
dc.subjectCDI Trendspt_PT
dc.subjectSNP Analysispt_PT
dc.subjectAntimicrobial Resistancept_PT
dc.subjectCompanion Animalspt_PT
dc.subjectOne Healthpt_PT
dc.subjectWhole Genome Sequencingpt_PT
dc.subjectGastrointestinal Infectionspt_PT
dc.subjectInfecções Gastrointestinaispt_PT
dc.subjectResistência aos Antimicrobianospt_PT
dc.titleMolecular epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in companion animals: Genetic overlap with human strains and public health concernspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitlePromoting One Health in Europe through joint actions on foodborne zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance and emerging microbiological hazards.
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/773830/EU
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00276%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.startPage1070258pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Public Healthpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume10pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamH2020
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100008530
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameEuropean Commission
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublication94d118fb-33ce-49fa-b1ed-d5bddf63581d
relation.isProjectOfPublication17f6ecf9-26db-4596-b594-6b8e97bb3f5c
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery94d118fb-33ce-49fa-b1ed-d5bddf63581d

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