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Long-term cardiovascular events in individuals hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort

2025-11-07Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorSoares, Patricia
dc.contributor.authorRuivinho, Carolina
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Joana
dc.contributor.authorLobão, Maria João
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Lelita
dc.contributor.authorPaixão, Joana
dc.contributor.authorRamalho, Ana Rita
dc.contributor.authorHenriques, Adriana
dc.contributor.authorSimões, Inês
dc.contributor.authorGuimarães, Luísa Eça
dc.contributor.authorMoça, Rita
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Andreia
dc.contributor.authorAtanásio, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorNóbrega, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorBrazão, Maria da Luz
dc.contributor.authorGoes, Ana Rita
dc.contributor.authorLeite, Andreia
dc.contributor.authorLOCUS group
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-14T15:35:42Z
dc.date.available2026-01-14T15:35:42Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-07
dc.description.abstractBackground: Post-COVID condition encompasses a spectrum of persistent or emerging symptoms affecting multiple organ systems, including a heightened risk of cardiovascular complications. Despite growing recognition of this phenomenon, there remains a lack of comprehensive data regarding the incidence and risk factors associated with cardiovascular events during the post-acute phase in patients previously hospitalised for COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to estimate the incidence of cardiovascular events among patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in Portugal and assess the association between patient and infection characteristics and cardiovascular events in the COVID-19 post-acute phase. Methods: We conducted a registry-based retrospective cohort study from seven hospitals across Portugal. Data was retrospectively collected from the electronic medical record of each patient. We included individuals hospitalised due to COVID-19 between March 2020 and March 2021. Our outcome of interest was cardiovascular events in the post-acute phase of COVID-19, occurring at least 30 days after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. The variables of interest considered were the severity of the episode, existing cardiovascular risk and vaccination status before the SARS-CoV-2 test. Person-years was estimated for each individual, and incidence rates were estimated. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was employed to assess risk factors. Results: We included 1,803 patients in the analysis, of which 143 (7.9%) experienced at least one cardiovascular event following COVID-19 hospitalisation. The overall incidence rate of having at least one cardiovascular event was 34.65 per 1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 29.20; 40.82). We found higher risk of cardiovascular events for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular risk (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 3.76, 95% CI: 1.53; 9.24) and lower risk for individuals with at least one vaccine dose before the SARS-CoV-2 test (partial vaccination - aHR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.30; 0.64, complete vaccination - aHR: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.2; 0.80). We did not find a significant difference between the severity of the COVID-19 episode and the risk of having cardiovascular events post-COVID-19. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a substantial burden of cardiovascular complications post-COVID-19, underscoring the need for health services to be prepared and commence screening and preventive measures for individuals at higher risk.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipPartially supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (reference: CEECINST/00049/2021/CP2817/CT0001 and https://doi.org/10.54499/CEECINST/00049/2021/CP2817/CT0001). This study is sponsored by Pfizer (grant code #68639655; URL: https://www.pfizer.pt/).
dc.identifier.citationBMC Infect Dis. 2025 Nov 7;25(1):1525. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11762-0
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12879-025-11762-0
dc.identifier.eissn1471-2334
dc.identifier.pmid41204399
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/10695
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relationCEECINST/00049/2021/CP2817/CT0001 FCT
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-025-11762-0
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectCOVID-19 Vaccines
dc.subjectCardiovascular Diseases
dc.subjectPost-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.subjectPortugal
dc.subjectInfecções Respiratórias
dc.subjectEstados de Saúde e de Doença
dc.titleLong-term cardiovascular events in individuals hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohorteng
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.referenceshttps://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12879-025-11762-0/MediaObjects/12879_2025_11762_MOESM1_ESM.docx
dcterms.referenceshttps://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12879-025-11762-0/MediaObjects/12879_2025_11762_MOESM2_ESM.docx
dcterms.referenceshttps://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12879-025-11762-0/MediaObjects/12879_2025_11762_MOESM3_ESM.docx
dcterms.referenceshttps://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12879-025-11762-0/MediaObjects/12879_2025_11762_MOESM4_ESM.docx
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage1525
oaire.citation.titleBMC Infectious Diseases
oaire.citation.volume25
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameSoares
person.familyNameLeite
person.givenNamePatricia
person.givenNameAndreia
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person.identifier.ciencia-id2F10-F9A9-E8A7
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person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0843-0630
person.identifier.scopus-author-id52063758300
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