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Risk Levels of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Portuguese Recreational Freshwaters

2017-10-18Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorMenezes, Carina
dc.contributor.authorChurro, Catarina
dc.contributor.authorDias, Elsa
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-05T18:02:36Z
dc.date.available2018-03-05T18:02:36Z
dc.date.issued2017-10-18
dc.description.abstractPortuguese freshwater reservoirs are important socio-economic resources, namely for recreational use. National legislation concerning bathing waters does not include mandatory levels or guidelines for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. This is an issue of concern since cyanotoxin-based evidence is insufficient to change the law, and the collection of scientific evidence has been hampered by the lack of regulatory levels for cyanotoxins in bathing waters. In this work, we evaluate the profile of cyanobacteria and microcystins (MC) in eight freshwater reservoirs from the center of Portugal, used for bathing/recreation, in order to determine the risk levels concerning toxic cyanobacteria occurrence. Three of the reservoirs did not pose a risk of MC contamination. However, two reservoirs presented a high risk in 7% of the samples according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for MC in bathing waters (above 20 µg/L). In the remaining three reservoirs, the risk concerning microcystins occurrence was low. However, they exhibited recurrent blooms and persistent contamination with MC up to 4 µg/L. Thus, the risk of exposure to MC and potential acute and/or chronic health outcomes should not be disregarded in these reservoirs. These results contribute to characterize the cyanobacterial blooms profile and to map the risk of toxic cyanobacteria and microcystins occurrence in Portuguese inland waters.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal) for research funding grants SFRH/BPD/77981/2011 and SFRH/BD/65706/2009 are attributed to Elsa Dias and Catarina Churro, respectively.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationToxins (Basel). 2017 Oct 18;9(10). pii: E327. doi: 10.3390/toxins9100327pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/toxins9100327pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2072-6651
dc.identifier.issn2072-6651(ESSN)
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/5184
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)pt_PT
dc.relationACCESSING PLANKTOTHRIX SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATED TOXINS USING QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR IN NATURAL WATERS
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/9/10/327pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectCyanobacteriapt_PT
dc.subjectCyanotoxinspt_PT
dc.subjectMicrocystinspt_PT
dc.subjectRecreational Freshwaterspt_PT
dc.subjectGuidelinespt_PT
dc.subjectRisk Levelspt_PT
dc.subjectPortuguese Freshwater Reservoirspt_PT
dc.subjectPortugalpt_PT
dc.subjectAgentes Microbianos e Ambientept_PT
dc.subjectÁgua e Solopt_PT
dc.titleRisk Levels of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Portuguese Recreational Freshwaterspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleACCESSING PLANKTOTHRIX SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATED TOXINS USING QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR IN NATURAL WATERS
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/SFRH/SFRH%2FBPD%2F77981%2F2011/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBD%2F65706%2F2009/PT
oaire.citation.issue10pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPagepii: E327pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleToxinspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume9pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamSFRH
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublicationc75babea-0e5d-4eb3-abd8-98c198e04ccd
relation.isProjectOfPublication67e1f5b3-c8c5-43e1-97fe-939977e5bd58
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery67e1f5b3-c8c5-43e1-97fe-939977e5bd58

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