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Fungal Contaminants in Drinking Water Regulation? A Tale of Ecology, Exposure, Purification and Clinical Relevance

2017-06Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorBabič, Monika
dc.contributor.authorGunde-Cimerman, Nina
dc.contributor.authorVargha, Márta
dc.contributor.authorTischner, Zsófia
dc.contributor.authorMagyar, Donát
dc.contributor.authorVeríssimo, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorSabino, Raquel
dc.contributor.authorViegas, Carla
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, Wieland
dc.contributor.authorBrandão, João
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-27T17:19:29Z
dc.date.available2018-02-27T17:19:29Z
dc.date.issued2017-06
dc.description.abstractMicrobiological drinking water safety is traditionally monitored mainly by bacterial parameters that indicate faecal contamination. These parameters correlate with gastro-intestinal illness, despite the fact that viral agents, resulting from faecal contamination, are usually the cause. This leaves behind microbes that can cause illness other than gastro-intestinal and several emerging pathogens, disregarding non-endemic microbial contaminants and those with recent pathogenic activity reported. This white paper focuses on one group of contaminants known to cause allergies, opportunistic infections and intoxications: Fungi. It presents a review on their occurrence, ecology and physiology. Additionally, factors contributing to their presence in water distribution systems, as well as their effect on water quality are discussed. Presence of opportunistic and pathogenic fungi in drinking water can pose a health risk to consumers due to daily contact with water, via several exposure points, such as drinking and showering. The clinical relevance and influence on human health of the most common fungal contaminants in drinking water is discussed. Our goal with this paper is to place fungal contaminants on the roadmap of evidence based and emerging threats for drinking water quality safety regulations.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationInt J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jun;14(6):636. Epub 2017 Jun 13. doi:10.3390/ijerph14060636pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijerph14060636pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1661-7827
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/5096
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/14/6/636pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectDrinking Waterpt_PT
dc.subjectFungipt_PT
dc.subjectFungal Contaminantspt_PT
dc.subjectAspergilluspt_PT
dc.subjectCandidapt_PT
dc.subjectMouldspt_PT
dc.subjectMycotoxinspt_PT
dc.subjectAgentes Microbianos e Ambientept_PT
dc.subjectInfecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses
dc.subjectÁgua e Solo
dc.titleFungal Contaminants in Drinking Water Regulation? A Tale of Ecology, Exposure, Purification and Clinical Relevancept_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue6pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage636pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Healthpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume14pt_PT
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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