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Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Fauna of a Zoological Park in an Urban Setting: Analysis of Culex pipiens s.l. and Their Biotypes

2024-01-09Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorMadeira, Sara
dc.contributor.authorBernardino, Rui
dc.contributor.authorOsório, Hugo Costa
dc.contributor.authorBoinas, Fernando
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-13T12:08:07Z
dc.date.available2025-02-13T12:08:07Z
dc.date.issued2024-01-09
dc.description(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vectors of Human and Zoonotic Diseases)
dc.description.abstractSimple Summary: Mosquitoes are known for being a nuisance but also as important vectors of disease agents that affect not only humans but also animals. Zoological gardens are special places where humans and animals are found in close proximity, and where mosquitoes can also find the conditions required for their life cycle. This can be especially true for zoos located in urban areas. In this study, we characterized, for the first time, the mosquito fauna of Lisbon Zoo, and we found a low mosquito density and diversity. We found an average of 2.4 mosquitos per trap/night, and five different species were identified. The most common species was the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, with sympatric occurrence of the two biotypes and their hybrids in most collections. Mosquitoes were present year-round, with activity detected in winter months, in which mosquitoes usually diapause. This co-occurrence and activity during winter can have implications in terms of disease transmission, namely, flavivirus, which can affect both animals and humans.
dc.description.abstractAbstract: Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) are important emerging diseases that affect humans and animals. Zoological parks can work as early warning systems for the occurrence of MBDs. In this study, we characterized the mosquito fauna captured inside Lisbon Zoo from May 2018 to November 2019. An average of 2.4 mosquitos per trap/night were captured. Five mosquito species potentially causing MBDs, including Culex pipiens biotypes, were found in the zoo. The sympatric occurrence of Culex pipiens biotypes represents a risk factor for the epizootic transmission of West Nile virus and Usutu virus. The mosquito occurrence followed the expected seasonality, with the maximum densities during summer months. However, mosquito activity was detected in winter months in low numbers. The minimum temperature and the relative humidity (RH) on the day of capture showed a positive effect on Culex pipiens abundance. Contrary, the RH the week before capture and the average precipitation the week of capture had a negative effect. No invasive species were identified, nor have flaviviruses been detected in the mosquitoes. The implementation of biosecurity measures regarding the hygiene of the premises and the strict control of all the animals entering the zoo can justify the low prevalence of mosquitoes and the absence of flavivirus-infected mosquitoes.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., through the project grants UIDB/00276/2020 (CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal), and LA/P/0059/2020 (AL4AnimalS—Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária). The author Sara Madeira was supported by an FCT Ph.D. fellowship SFRH/BD/117431/2016.
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationInsects. 2024 Jan 9;15(1):45. doi: 10.3390/insects15010045
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/insects15010045pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2075-4450
dc.identifier.pmid38249051
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/10342
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
dc.relationLA/P/0059/2020
dc.relationSFRH/BD/117431/2016
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/1/45
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/insectspt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectCulex pipiens biotypept_PT
dc.subjectCulex pipiens complexpt_PT
dc.subjectFlavivirus
dc.subjectMosquito Density
dc.subjectMosquito Diversity
dc.subjectMosquito Survey
dc.subjectMosquito-borne Diseases
dc.subjectUrban Area
dc.subjectZoological Parks
dc.subjectInsect Vectors
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectZoonotic Disease
dc.subjectInfecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses
dc.titleMosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Fauna of a Zoological Park in an Urban Setting: Analysis of Culex pipiens s.l. and Their Biotypespt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00276%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage45
oaire.citation.titleInsectspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume15pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublication17f6ecf9-26db-4596-b594-6b8e97bb3f5c
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery17f6ecf9-26db-4596-b594-6b8e97bb3f5c

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