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Lichen Vitality After a Space Flight on Board the EXPOSE-R2 Facility Outside the International Space Station: Results of the Biology and Mars Experiment

2020-05Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorNoetzel, Rosa de la Torre
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, Maria Victoria Ortega
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Ana Zelia
dc.contributor.authorBassy, Olga
dc.contributor.authorGranja, Carmen
dc.contributor.authorCubero, Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorJordao, Luisa
dc.contributor.authorFrias, Jesus Martinez
dc.contributor.authorRabbow, Elke
dc.contributor.authorBackhaus, Theresa
dc.contributor.authorOtt, Sieglinde
dc.contributor.authorSancho, Leopoldo Garcia
dc.contributor.authorde Vera, Jean-Pierre Paul
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-04T16:04:07Z
dc.date.available2021-03-04T16:04:07Z
dc.date.issued2020-05
dc.description.abstractAs part of the Biology and Mars Experiment (BIOMEX; ILSRA 2009-0834), samples of the lichen Circinaria gyrosa were placed on the exposure platform EXPOSE-R2, on the International Space Station (ISS) and exposed to space and to a Mars-simulated environment for 18 months (2014–2016) to study: (1) resistance to space and Mars-like conditions and (2) biomarkers for use in future space missions (Exo-Mars). When the experiment returned (June 2016), initial analysis showed rapid recovery of photosystem II activity in the samples exposed exclusively to space vacuum and a Mars-like atmosphere. Significantly reduced recovery levels were observed in Sun-exposed samples, and electron and fluorescence microscopy (transmission electron microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope) data indicated that this was attributable to the combined effects of space radiation and space vacuum, as unirradiated samples exhibited less marked morphological changes compared with Sun-exposed samples. Polymerase chain reaction analyses confirmed that there was DNA damage in lichen exposed to harsh space and Mars-like environmental conditions, with ultraviolet radiation combined with space vacuum causing the most damage. These findings contribute to the characterization of space- and Mars-resistant organisms that are relevant to Mars habitability.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipSpanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINisterio de ECOnomı´a y Empresa, project SUBLIMAS ‘‘SUrvival of Bacteria and LIchens on Mars Analogs and Space,’’ ESP2015-69810-R, 2015, to Rosa de la Torre Noetzel, and Leopoldo García Sancho (PI of the Project CTM2015- 64728-C2-1-R) and project Biocomplexity and Functioning of the Cryptogamic Cover in Arid and Polar Regions. a micro- and mesoscale approach . The authors also thank the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum fu¨r Luft- und Raumfahrt) as well as the European Space Agency (ESA) for supporting the space experiment BIOlogy and Mars Experiment (ESA-International Life Sciences Research Announcement 2009-0834, PI: J.-P.P.V.).pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationAstrobiology. 2020 May;20(5):583-600. doi: 10.1089/ast.2018.1959pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1089/ast.2018.1959pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1531-1074
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/7318
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMary Ann Liebert/ Astrobiology Societypt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ast.2018.1959pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectEXPOSE R2 ISSpt_PT
dc.subjectSpacept_PT
dc.subjectMars-simulated Environmentpt_PT
dc.subjectDNA Integritypt_PT
dc.subjectMorphological Changespt_PT
dc.subjectLichenpt_PT
dc.titleLichen Vitality After a Space Flight on Board the EXPOSE-R2 Facility Outside the International Space Station: Results of the Biology and Mars Experimentpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage600pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue5pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage583pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleAstrobiologypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume20pt_PT
rcaap.embargofctAcesso de acordo com política editorial da revista.pt_PT
rcaap.rightsembargoedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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