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Scientific opinion on the amendment of the specifications for vegetable carbon (E 153) as a food additive

2026-01Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorEFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF)
dc.contributor.authorCastle, Laurence
dc.contributor.authorAndreassen, Monica
dc.contributor.authorAquilina, Gabriele
dc.contributor.authorBastos, Maria Lourdes
dc.contributor.authorBoon, Polly
dc.contributor.authorFallico, Biagio
dc.contributor.authorFitzGerald, Rex
dc.contributor.authorFrutos Fernandez, Maria Jose
dc.contributor.authorGrasl-Kraupp, Bettina
dc.contributor.authorGundert-Remy, Ursula
dc.contributor.authorGürtler, Rainer
dc.contributor.authorHoudeau, Eric
dc.contributor.authorKurek, Marcin
dc.contributor.authorLouro, Henriqueta
dc.contributor.authorMorales, Patricia
dc.contributor.authorPassamonti, Sabina
dc.contributor.authorFurst, Peter
dc.contributor.authorGaffet, Eric
dc.contributor.authorLoeschner, Katrin
dc.contributor.authorMast, Jan
dc.contributor.authorMirat, Manuela
dc.contributor.authorOomen, Agnes
dc.contributor.authorUndas, Anna
dc.contributor.authorMech, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorSmeraldi, Camilla
dc.contributor.authorRincon, Ana Maria
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-22T15:46:49Z
dc.date.available2026-05-22T15:46:49Z
dc.date.issued2026-01
dc.description.abstractThe food additive vegetable carbon (E 153) was re‐evaluated by the EFSA ANS Panel in 2012. During that re‐evaluation, data gaps were identified, in particular with respect to impurities and particle characterisation. Following a European Commission call for data to address these gaps, one interested business operator (IBO) submitted analytical data on toxic elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particle size distribution of commercial samples of E 153. The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by the IBO in response to the European Commission call. Based on the analytical data provided, the Panel concluded that the information on toxic elements supports a revision of the current EU specification limits for arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead, and the introduction of a limit for aluminium. Regarding PAHs, the Panel assessed the risks associated with benzo[a]pyrene and PAH4 under several scenarios and concluded that the resulting margins of exposure (MOE) were above the level of concern but recommended lowering the current limit for benzo[a]pyrene and introducing a limit for PAH4 in the EU specifications for E 153. For what concerns the data on particle size distribution and morphology, the Panel considered that, due to methodological limitations, these data did not allow a full characterisation of the materials used as a food additive and did not adequately support an amendment of the specifications in relation to particle properties. Nevertheless, the Panel concluded that a fraction of small particles, including nanoparticles, is present in vegetable carbon (E 153) and noted that the substance is insoluble in water. Therefore, in line with the EFSA Guidance on Particles‐TR, the Panel concluded that the risk assessment of E 153 performed by the EFSA ANS Panel in 2012 should be complemented with nanoscale considerations.eng
dc.identifier.citationEFSA J. 2026 Jan 28;24(1):e9855. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2026.9855. eCollection 2026 Jan
dc.identifier.doi10.2903/j.efsa.2026.9855
dc.identifier.issn1831-4732
dc.identifier.pmid41613267
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/11316
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedno
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2026.9855
dc.relation.ispartofEFSA Journal
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectEnvironmental Genotoxicity
dc.subjectE 153
dc.subjectFood Additive
dc.subjectFood Colour
dc.subjectVegetable Carbon
dc.subjectVegetable Carbon (E 153)
dc.subjectSafety Assessment
dc.subjectGenotoxicidade Ambiental
dc.titleScientific opinion on the amendment of the specifications for vegetable carbon (E 153) as a food additiveeng
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.referenceshttps://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.2903%2Fj.efsa.2026.9855&file=efs29855-sup-0001-Annex+A.xlsx
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPagee9855
oaire.citation.titleEFSA Journal
oaire.citation.volume24
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameLouro
person.givenNameHenriqueta
person.identifier157627
person.identifier.ciencia-id721D-2BB1-7DB1
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9744-7332
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6507971479
relation.isAuthorOfPublication2361a951-8b9a-4b90-92d6-f6384003a242
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2361a951-8b9a-4b90-92d6-f6384003a242

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